LDEO says: "Zero corresponds to computed origin time of 10:28:31 EDT". Origin time means the start of the event at the source, i.e. at WTC (I didn't know that when I wrote the original post but now I do). And the arrow in the diagram shows that they put the origin time at the very beginning of the signal. So the origin time is at the start of the collapse.
They are seismologists, and this is a seismogram.
"Event" means "seismic event".
It does not mean "criminal event" or "structural event".
The seismic event does not necessaily start with the collapse event. It is the start of some seismic waves rising out of bckground noise.
The planes crashed into the towers with a kinetic energy around 3*10
9 Joules. Most of which was absorbed by the building within 0.2 seconds and gave rise to a small seismic event.
When the top part of the south tower started its descent, after 1 second it had dissipated a kinetic energy of about 1.4*10
9 J. (Mass of top part was roughly 6*10
7 kg, distance fallen at 60% of g was 6m after 1 second, meaning that 40% of the potential energy had been dissipated: 6m * 6*10
7kg * 9,8m/s
2 * 40% = 1.4*10
9J. However, this took 1 second, not 0.2s.
So you could expect the seismic signal 1 second after the start of collapse to be one order of magnitude below the plane impacts.
This is a very amateurish back-of-the-envelope. I can't say how the lateral momentum transfer of the plane crashes would fare compared to the vertical momentum transfer of the crash in terms of magnitude and velocity of the resulting seismic waves.
All I am trying to point out is: In the early stage of the collapse, you would not expect a pronounced seismic signal.