From the technical bulletin on forensic DNA analysis, “Wash all surfaces and rinse pipette barrels with a dilute bleach solution (2% to 3%). Be sure to rinse any equipment that comes into contact with reagents well, since residual bleach can cause allele or locus dropout.”
www.promega.com/profiles/802/ProfilesinDNA_802_11.pdf
With respect to the DNA profile culled from the knife, Dr. Elizabeth Johnson said (
http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/AmandaKno...cutorswitched-motives/story?id=9215634&page=3), “The key part of this is there was no blood detected by chemical test methods.” The open letter, coauthored by Drs. Johnson and Hampikian states, “
it is unlikely that all chemically detectable traces of blood could be removed while retaining sufficient cells to produce a DNA profile consistent with the victim.”
My biochemical “intuition” indicates that bleach is oxidizing the deoxyribosyl group of DNA. This creates a good leaving group, which facilitates the nucleophilic attack of water on the phosphodiester bond. Once the phosphodiester backbone is nicked in even one place on the strand, DNA polymerase cannot restart the replication process (remember that DNA polymerases require a primer, unlike RNA polymerases). DNA polymerase is a key component of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique.