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There is never enough evidence for what you don't believe in. What is evidence?

This is a contextual statement. What I am actually saying is actually this.

"As regards the question of the reality or non-reality of OBJECTS all evidence is anecdotal".

That is to say, one cannot test the existance of something. You can only experiance something and accept or not accept your own personal experiance.

This means that all evidence as regarding the existance or non-existance of objects is anecdotal.

This is distinguished from relationships between Objects, which can be studied by systematic scientific investigation.

Something like Astrology or Tarot Cards fits the latter category. But the existance of anything at all, is only anecdotally based.

Forgive me if I am misunderstanding. Are you saying that we cannot prove the existence of something, but we can prove relationships between two somethings that may or may not exist?

What non-anecdotal evidence (per your standards, not mine) can be used to prove that astrology or tarot cards have predictive properties, but is insufficient to prove the existence of the tarot card itself?
 
Yes I would accept that kind of deal. On the condition that I was allowed to know afterwards who chose what horoscope.

Whether I won or lose is not important. As long as I get the test results to examine so as to improve my own knowledge of Astrology.

Sounds like you're preparing for failure?

I don't think anyone is going to give my 1 million dollars. Because I cannot really imagine how anyone would be able to pay me and secondly I don't think the King of Skeptics would accept any standard of evidence whatsoever as valid. H

I can already think of a number of objections he could cook up even if I succeeded in the test. :):):)

I can tell you exactly how you would be paid, but you can read it yourself on this very site. So do it. Apply, and shut us skeptics up for good.
 
The assertion I was commenting on was that there existed cultures with no concept of paranormal phenomena of any kind even resembling ghosts, not gods, not ancestor or nature spirits, not disembodied entities of any kind.

I don't know of any primitive culture, except our modern, secular one that even remotely resembles that description.

Do you?
Great. Congrats, so now you group ALL paranormal phenomena as some combined messy conglomerate with no definition at all. Congrats on the the ultimate moving goalpost.
 
This is a contextual statement. What I am actually saying is actually this.

"As regards the question of the reality or non-reality of OBJECTS all evidence is anecdotal".

That is to say, one cannot test the existance of something. You can only experiance something and accept or not accept your own personal experiance.

This means that all evidence as regarding the existance or non-existance of objects is anecdotal.
Why the heck do Christian apologist, Creationist and just about all the woo-mongers ultimately fallback to this solipsistic/post modernist nonsense as some sort of philosophical escape hatch for their garbage?
This is distinguished from relationships between Objects, which can be studied by systematic scientific investigation.
Really? Name one subjective thing that can never be studied scientificially.
Something like Astrology or Tarot Cards fits the latter category. But the existance of anything at all, is only anecdotally based.
False. Claim anything about reality and it can be studied.
 
Yes I would accept that kind of deal. On the condition that I was allowed to know afterwards who chose what horoscope.

Whether I won or lose is not important. As long as I get the test results to examine so as to improve my own knowledge of Astrology.

I don't think anyone is going to give my 1 million dollars. Because I cannot really imagine how anyone would be able to pay me and secondly I don't think the King of Skeptics would accept any standard of evidence whatsoever as valid. H

I can already think of a number of objections he could cook up even if I succeeded in the test. :):):)
Congrats. Welcome to the James Randi Million Dollar Challenge.
http://www.randi.org/site/index.php/1m-challenge.html

Please read the rules of the challenge and please start a thread to provide the test protocol.
 
The 'popular' perception of astrology, the dumbed down version of it, is quite absurd, what with the precession caused slip of the signs and all. The simplicity of the purely solar and planetary mechanism.
What mechanism?
The older traditions of it are quite an interesting study though, linking to alchemy and the eastern contemplative traditions no longer adhered to in western esotericism.
So?
It was of course largely subjective, as are most of these types of topics. I'm not at all surprised that the subtler portions of the traditions have been removed to popularise them.
So?
 
Oh dear, you really have illustrated you haven't a clue what you are telking about and are very new to all this.

It's really hard to imagine how much more wrong you could be.

This is beyond ignorance.
Given that you believe the following, the above sounds like a self-diagnosis.
Evidence involves replicability.
Where is the replicability in archaeology, paleontology, astronomy, paleobiology, history etc? (unless you want to stretch the meaning of the word so much that it begins to lose meaning). All these branches of investigation, most of which qualify as sciences, deal with subject matter which cannot be easily manipulated into repetition/replication. The same would be true for the study of something like ghosts.


To describe all evidence as anecdotal because it is "merely someone looking at stuff or whatever" actually makes me a little embarassed for you.
Except that's exactly what it is. Scientific evidence consists, fundamentally, of a consciousness experiencing a particular phenomenon. Reports of that experience are necessarily anecdotal. Replicated experimental data are actually aggregations of similar anecdotes.
Given that in any one lifetime you're unlikely to replicate, in your own experience, more than say 0.001% of the experimental results of the scientific work you learn about, then when your knowledge base / belief system is modified by scientific results what you are, in effect, doing, is taking a leap of faith in particular anecdotes presented to you by some researcher.
Sometimes the belief changes from such results being veridical, to them having been fudged/faked. But for this latter one you're still just choosing to believe the anecdotes of other researchers, who also may have fudged/faked these results.
Just as, say, a ghost researcher may have fudged/faked his/her results.
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If I have seen Ghosts then I have evidence enough to know Ghosts are real. I have evidence for the existance of Ghost. Asking even for me to photograph the Ghosts is an unreasonable statement, given that it requires me to be in control of the Ghost appearance enough to be ready with a camera.
I saw a ghost once too. I was alone in the house and it startled the Hell out of me because there should have been nobody there to walk out of the hall into the living room. But then I was able to duplicate the appearance of the ghost again by moving my head in the same way as I had during its first appearance. It was a reflection on the inside of the right lens of my eyeglasses. My brain did something quite common and interpreted the brief image as something familiar.

Lots of people see "ghosts" for various reasons that have well understood psychological causes. In order to accept something as evidence of the actual existence of ghosts we have to be able to eliminate the other possible explanations.

And if you do manage to take a camera photo or even a film of a Ghost, then it is immediately cried that it is faked. So if you get the higher standard of evidence, then you turn around and demand an even higher standard of evidence, that you couldn't have faked it.
"Immediately cried that it is fake"? I've seen lots of "ghost photos" and all have turned out to be either deliberate fakes, accidental anomalies such as double exposures, or lens artifacts. But these fakes and errors have been exposed after careful examination. Do you have any examples of genuine ghost photos that can't be explained as fabrications or photographic errors?

Of course ironically given the ridiculously high standard of evidence required, they are setting themselves up to 'prove' their own original standard. Because the sheer probability of being able to collect that high standard of evidence, means that fakery dominates statistically, because fake evidence is always good evidence, faking murky evidence is pointless.
Well gee, how murky a standard of evidence are we to accept? Are we to see an amorphous shadow on the wall and proclaim it to be a famous ghost alleged to reside where the photo was taken? Should we interpret a dust mote on the camera lens as the photographer's long dead grandmother? Seriously, just how crappy a standard of evidence should we be inclined to affirm?

By increasing your evidential bar, you make it harder for anyone to find the evidence you need except by faking it. This in turn confirms your initial Skepticism. It's all self-reinforcing closemindedness really.
Really? The standard of scientific evidence has been met by many extraordinary claims throughout history. Electromagnetism, continental drift, evolution by natural selection, relativity, black holes, etcetera. Could it be that ghosts simply do not exist?

Even if you see Ghosts this doesn't mean Ghosts are real if accepted, means that ultimately you reject Scientific Evidence out of your excessive Paranoia. If you don't trust your own eyes not to lie to you then you ultimately cannot trust any Evidence whatsoever that has sensory basis.
See, that's just the problem: You can't always trust your eyes. It is a well known fact of human physical psychology that our eyes can fool us. Especially when what we think we have just seen is, as you stated above, "murky". Are you aware that multiple eyewitnesses can report different accounts of the same event? That is why the scientific method relies on being able to repeatedly demonstrate a phenomenon that is being claimed. Scientists from around the globe have to be able to conduct the same experiment, or view the same evidence, and agree that they see the same result.

You aren't Scientific, what you are really is a Dogmatist. You have decided that Ghosts don't exist. Therefore if even you see a Ghost, then your eyes must be lying to you. Dogma comes first and if evidence contradicts dogma then evidence is false.
You are incorrect. I have observed that there has never been any solid evidence for the existence of ghosts. Lacking said evidence I lack belief in ghosts just as I lack belief in leprechauns and unicorns. I would not that the evidence for the existence of leprechauns and unicorns is quite murky. Do you believe in leprechauns and/or unicorns?

Extraordinery claims require extraordinery evidence, but who decides what is extraordinery

This is one of the most quoted justifications for basically everything I just described. The problem is that what is extraordinery is not a valid standard, because what ordinery is entirely subjective, things that would seem highly extraordinery yesterday (like mobile phones) are quite pedestrian today.
So, if I claimed to have a dragon in my garage you should be inclined to accept me at my word because of the subjective nature of the definition of "extraordinary". Do you believe that I have a dragon in my garage?

Cell phones are pretty common today and the claim that I've used one is hardly extraordinary. But what if I told you that I have a crystal from a civilization millions of years in advance of ours and I use it to communicate with that civilization in real time, even thought they are 75 million light years away from us? Would you say "Big deal, I used my iPhone to call my mom this morning"?

Ultimately what is expressed is ultimately a power relationship. We the powerful one's shall dictate what is ordinery and what is extraordinery. The purpose of this is to defend the dominant worldview, because those doing the judging must fit everything into this worldview or stand to lose power.
This is pure rationalization. The scientific method has done more in the last ten years alone that the entire history of superstitious belief. Science is a powerful tool because it works.

A perfect example of this would be Anti-Astrology. Astrology must be false, because there are only 4 general forces in the universe (I think it was 4) was once quoted on a Skeptical website against Astrology.
Actually, astrology has proved false because it has never been demonstrated to be able to predict any event with any greater accuracy than pure chance.

The utter idiocy of this statement is based upon the fact that if something cannot fix inside the box, rational people make the box a lot better. If people cannot explain Astrology using the established forces, then why not add however many new forces are needed to explain Astrology.
What is there to explain? Astrology doesn't work.

It is of no consequence or significance to whether Astrology is bunk or not, as to whether it could be explained using the Scientific Laws. But it is of great consequence to the established Scientists that their Scientific Laws are taken as final and absolute. Power is at stake here.
You are showing your ignorance of science and building a straw man. Please demonstrate that there is any scientific consensus that there will never be forces discovered beyond the currently known physical forces.

Much the same situations arise internally within Astrology amusingly enough. Astrology has it's own Scientific Laws and all evidence must be made to fit the Laws.
I hear that garden fairies have their own laws as well.

This comes to the very heart of the matter. The problem is that people accept 'Science' or rather a philosophical worldview that must to secure it's position claim to be Scientific, one they accept in much the same way that Fundermentalists accept a Religion.
Remember those boring old cell phones? Brought to you by science. Really, communicating in real time with someone on the other side of the world is now considered pretty ordinary. But you're right, there's really no more reason to accept the validity of science as a tool for figuring out how things work than there is to accept that the guys who flew the planes into the World Trade Center are now humping their way through seventy virgins.

Just because you can't catch something doesn't mean it isn't real
But is you can't catch it, see it, smell it, feel it, hear it, or build an instrument that can detect it via effects beyond our senses such a infra red or ultra violet radiation, gravitational distortion etcetera, then what reason is there to accept that it exists outside of human imagination? We may as well believe the 'seventy virgins' sales pitch.

However Skepticism is larger than any particular single Philosophy. That is to say, it can like Religion/Superstition be seen as representing particular human drives and fears that are ancient.
You seem to be conflating skepticism with cynicism.

The basic unifying principle between all the Paranormal phenonoma is that they are somewhat ellusive. They can't be prodded with a stick unto the satisfaction of the researcher.
It's the same way with the dragon in my garage.

Ghosts for instance don't stick around, they appear and then disappear usually rather rapidly. This corresponds with the general properties of the object as already established. Nobody ever claimed otherwise. One cannot logically conclude the non-existance of something for not violating it's own identified properties.
So we should believe you because you can't provide evidence? Seriously?

Neutrinos are rather elusive too, yet we have evidence that they exist. So far, no evidence of ghosts though. I mean, what scientist wouldn't love to be the first to discover a new field of research? He or she would be among the greatest scientist in history.

What as at stake is power and control. People live in a world that they have little control over. This world must be made predictable and controllable in order to make people feel secure. Essentially both sides of the Skeptic/Occultist coin are really differential paths taken by the same basic drive/fear.
No, they aren't. Occultists are like kids who still believe in Santa Clause and the Easter Bunny. Skeptics are people who have matured beyond the belief in things for which there is no evidence.

Some people seek to control what they do not understand by eliminating it from their consciousness while others seek to control what they do not understand by understanding.

The man who doesn't believe in ghosts and the man that attempts to understand the rules that govern ghosts is ultimately governed by the same basic fear of ghosts.

The real question is therefore why are the ghosts scary?.
More straw men. Skeptics don't lack belief in ghosts because they are afraid of ghosts. There are plenty of things far more frightening than ghosts that have been revealed to us through the use of the scientific method. By your reasoning skeptics should be dead set against the idea of near-Earth asteroids and long period comets. Skeptics should have an irrational disbelief in gamma ray bursts and epidemiology.

It is quite simple: There is no evidence that ghosts (or dragons, or harpies, or pixies, or leprechauns, or demons) outside of the human imagination. There is no evidence that astrology is able to predict future events with any greater accuracy than random guessing. These things are interesting to study as they relate to fields of inquiry such as history and psychology, but they are no different than the belief that Apollo drove the chariot of the sun across the sky or that Thor caused lightning.
 
Where is the replicability in archaeology, paleontology, astronomy, paleobiology, history etc? (unless you want to stretch the meaning of the word so much that it begins to lose meaning). All these branches of investigation, most of which qualify as sciences, deal with subject matter which cannot be easily manipulated into repetition/replication. The same would be true for the study of something like ghosts.

Archaeology: coming up with an idea about where a population came from or went to. go there. find evidence they were there. dig more, find more evidence. Replicability.

paleontology: come up with an idea about what lived where and evolved into what. go there. find evidence they were there and evolved into something else. look at DNA of living relatives, re-evaluate, go dig more. Replicability.

paleobiology: find a fossil with a particular set of characteristics in a particular type of sedimentary rock. come up with an idea about how it lived. go to similar environments at similar time frames, find more. Replicability.

astronomy: come up with an idea of what is moving where, how old it is, what it's composed of. have other measure, then remeasure. Replicability.

So...what's the problem?
 
Then give readings to 10 people who believe in Astrology and see if those people could pick which reading was theirs. It could be worth a million dollars. Care to put your money where your mouth is?
.
Better yet, ask 10 Astrologers to cast a horoscope for each of the 10 people (age 18 or over), and ask those people to pick out which readings were theirs.

Double-blind rules would apply - the casters would know only the places and dates of birth for each of the people, and none of the casters or people would know the identity of any of the others.


All that the Astrologers would be required to do is accurately determine all of the following:
  • - Natal Gender (XX or XY)
    - Current Marital Status (Single, Divorced, Married, Widowed)
    - Current Physical Status (Amputations, Paralysis, Blindness, Deafness, et cetera)
    - Current Educational Level (None to College)
    - Current Employment Status (None, Part-Time, Full Time, et cetera)
    - Current Legal Status (No Convictions, Community Service, Probation, Parole, Jail, Prison, Death Row)
    - Current Location (City, State / Province, Country)
All that remains is to determine a threshold of validity. I'd say 50%, plus one standard deviation - although 100% accuracy would be a sure win.
 
Given that you believe the following, the above sounds like a self-diagnosis.

Where is the replicability in archaeology, paleontology, astronomy, paleobiology, history etc? (unless you want to stretch the meaning of the word so much that it begins to lose meaning). All these branches of investigation, most of which qualify as sciences, deal with subject matter which cannot be easily manipulated into repetition/replication. The same would be true for the study of something like ghosts.

I think you misunderstand the meaning of replication in this regard. With the exception of History (I can't imagine why this would be considered a natural science) independent replication is the routine method of validation.

An example from astronomy is that an astronomer reports that he has seen an asteroid, but it is not accepted unless he has photographed it so others can independently verify the authenticity of the claim. Even better is if others can locate and capture an image from their independent telescopes.

What you're talking about is 'running experiments' - not all natural sciences rely on experiments. Some are more dependent on observations. But the observations need independent replication to be accepted as anythnig more than anecdotes.





Except that's exactly what it is. Scientific evidence consists, fundamentally, of a consciousness experiencing a particular phenomenon. Reports of that experience are necessarily anecdotal. Replicated experimental data are actually aggregations of similar anecdotes.
Given that in any one lifetime you're unlikely to replicate, in your own experience, more than say 0.001% of the experimental results of the scientific work you learn about, then when your knowledge base / belief system is modified by scientific results what you are, in effect, doing, is taking a leap of faith in particular anecdotes presented to you by some researcher.
Sometimes the belief changes from such results being veridical, to them having been fudged/faked. But for this latter one you're still just choosing to believe the anecdotes of other researchers, who also may have fudged/faked these results.
Just as, say, a ghost researcher may have fudged/faked his/her results.
[/QUOTE]

One of the differences, however, is that with the exception of very expensive equipment, all scientific findings can at least in principle be replicated by independent parties. There may be budgetary restrictions or limitations of interest or will, but there is a uniform claim that the phenomena can be replicated, or if not precisely replicated, there is a prediction about how it will be different. (eg: imagine the asteroid again - you may be able to say that the asteroid is no longer visible, but will be available for new observations when it comes around the sun in 400 days)

Whereas, psi models respond to the challenge that the phenomena seem to be totally unpredictable and impossible to replicate on demand. The explanation of intelligent agency seems to take priority over the explanation of coincidence.
 
I'm still waiting on the scientific proof that I'm wrong in my assessment of SlayerofCliffracers's approximate age and level of education. Call it something like a test of his own scientific method. He says I'm right until I've been proven wrong. I'll work with him on that for the time being. I say he's around 13 years old and in seventh or eighth grade.

No, really, when do you get out of grade school and into high school? Things will be much different for you there, I assure you. I know you said you're "already in university". But being the good skeptic that I am, and being that you've presented zero evidence of that other than your say-so, and being that you've presented an abundance of evidence that would suggest you're no older than about 13 and no better educated than an eighth grader, I guess I'm right. Until you can prove for sure that I'm wrong anyway, eh, kid? :)


Any scientific proof otherwise, SlayerofCliffracers?
 
* - Natal Gender (XX or XY)
- Current Marital Status (Single, Divorced, Married, Widowed)
- Current Physical Status (Amputations, Paralysis, Blindness, Deafness, et cetera)
- Current Educational Level (None to College)
- Current Employment Status (None, Part-Time, Full Time, et cetera)
- Current Legal Status (No Convictions, Community Service, Probation, Parole, Jail, Prison, Death Row)
- Current Location (City, State / Province, Country)

All of those things are beyond the power and scope of Astrology to determine.
 
I'm still waiting on the scientific proof that I'm wrong in my assessment of SlayerofCliffracers's approximate age and level of education. Call it something like a test of his own scientific method. He says I'm right until I've been proven wrong. I'll work with him on that for the time being. I say he's around 13 years old and in seventh or eighth grade.




Any scientific proof otherwise, SlayerofCliffracers?
I'm going even further. I'm going to claim that SlayerofCliffracers is an internet based AI. It has no physical form. It is spread out over millions of computer(in fact he is the conficker worm). Prove me wrong.
 
Great. Congrats, so now you group ALL paranormal phenomena as some combined messy conglomerate with no definition at all. Congrats on the the ultimate moving goalpost.

Enough with the strawmen please. I clearly referred to paranormal phenomena relating specifically to various types of 'disembodied entities', as per a previous widening of the main topic of the OP, that being ghosts. That widening of the description was NOT made by me, but I was forced to refer to it in the context of the preceeding comments.

BTW Whoever told you that putting your hands on your hips, poking out your tongue and saying So? So? So? was a constructive addition to a discussion, that person lied.
 
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* - Natal Gender (XX or XY)
- Current Marital Status (Single, Divorced, Married, Widowed)
- Current Physical Status (Amputations, Paralysis, Blindness, Deafness, et cetera)
- Current Educational Level (None to College)
- Current Employment Status (None, Part-Time, Full Time, et cetera)
- Current Legal Status (No Convictions, Community Service, Probation, Parole, Jail, Prison, Death Row)
- Current Location (City, State / Province, Country)

All of those things are beyond the power and scope of Astrology to determine.

You are asking for us to determine what is beyond the power of Astrology to determine. Nobody has ever, ever claimed to be able to determine natal gender by Astrology that I know of.
 
I think you misunderstand the meaning of replication in this regard. With the exception of History (I can't imagine why this would be considered a natural science) independent replication is the routine method of validation.

An example from astronomy is that an astronomer reports that he has seen an asteroid, but it is not accepted unless he has photographed it so others can independently verify the authenticity of the claim. Even better is if others can locate and capture an image from their independent telescopes.

What you're talking about is 'running experiments' - not all natural sciences rely on experiments. Some are more dependent on observations. But the observations need independent replication to be accepted as anythnig more than anecdotes.
I suspect plumjam is rather deliberately misunderstanding (one would sincerely hope so) in order to start a pointless argument (his favourite pastime).

Ignoring him tends to be the best approach (and the one he hates most).
 
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