There are people now claiming that Iraq is a free and democratic country. Is that all hogwash? The impression I had of Iraq until recently was a nation where violence was endemic and where saying the wrong thing in the wrong place, or just being the wrong religion, wearing the wrong clothes, or speaking the wrong language, could get you blown up. If that's the case, I would say things weren't so good.
I think it's important to look beyond the statistics or news reports and actually try to picture how the violence would look to your average Iraqi. For me the best way to do that is to compare the violence with something familiar, like so:
According to the IBC in 2008 Iraqis died at a rate of 25 per day, out of a population of ~30 million. Or more than one in a million. That's about 1.5x the rate at which Americans die in car accidents.
There is criticism of IBC's statistics as the low end because they only record
reported incidents, so it would be fair to assume the total is higher. If we assume IBC only captures half of all attacks (I think that's probably generous) it's 3x the rate Americans die in car accidents.
But that only gives you the numbers. In terms of assessing the experience for your average Iraqi, it's more a question of
frequency of incident.
According to IBC in 2008 there were 2,881 attacks with an upper threshold of 9,229 killed, or 3.2 people per attack. Assuming IBC records only half of attacks, but that those attacks are typical, we get 5,762 attacks with an average of 3.2 people per attack.
I have had trouble finding detailed traffic accident statistics in the USA for 2008, but I found some for 2000.
41,800 people were killed which is about typical for the US - deaths have levelled off somewhat in the last few years.
Those 41,800 deaths occurred in 37,400 fatal car accidents, giving an average of 1.1 fatalities per accident. In addition there were over 2 million
injury-only car accidents in the USA, and an additional 4.2 million car accidents that caused only property damage.
The conclusion we can draw from this is that the average Iraqi is about as likely to come across fatal violence on a daily basis as the average American is likely to come across a fatal car accident on a daily basis.
According to the Multi-National Force in Iraq, there were approximately 18,000 insurgent attacks in Iraq in 2008. I can't find tables on the specific ratio of attack targets, but eye-balling their graphs it looks to sit at around 2/3 of attacks aimed at the coalition.
We can estimate, from this, 12,000 attacks against the coalition in 2008, 163 of which were fatal resulting in 230 deaths (as per icasualties.org) with an incident:fatal ratio of 73:1.
This leaves approximately 6,000 attacks aimed at Iraqi security forces and civilians, which suggests to me that the IBC's statistics cover over 50% of attacks (if they only covered 50% of attacks this means 90% of attacks against Iraqi security forces and civilians are fatal).
In contrast the Injury:Fatal ratio for US car accidents is 53:1 and the Accident:Fatal ratio for US car accidents is 170:1.
I think from this, we can tentatively conclude that the average American has significantly higher chance of coming across a car accident in their daily life than the average Iraqi has of coming across a scene of insurgency/occupation violence in their daily life.
So if you want to know how violent it
really is in Iraq, ask yourself; "How often do I see car accidents?"