Thomas Eagar's
paper on the collapse of the towers, which advanced the "pancake" collapse hypothesis, appeared in JOM. NIST, in their investigation, came to the conclusion that the pancake collapse hypothesis is not tenable.
This is wrong. Eagar's hypothesis was completely "scientifically valid." It was reasonable. However, it turned out that it was incorrect. There is more than one way a structure can fail. Eagar explored one option, and after much closer review of the video and structural calculations, it turned out that a different option was what really happened.
Science allows for speculation. Before all the data is in, we are allowed and even encouraged to
propose possibilities. However, those possibilities must make sense. Eagar's was theoretically possible and consistent with the very limited data he had, so there was no reason not to publish it.
If we didn't publish works in progress, it would be very difficult for other teams to learn all of the competing hypotheses in order to test them.
In other words, just because makes it into a peer-reviewed journal does mean that it is scientifically valid. The experimental method is the ultimate arbiter of competing scientific hypotheses, not peer review.
Now this is correct. Peer review does not necessarily imply validity. However, it is a useful check of quality. Papers that
fail peer review, on the other hand, are rarely valid, depending on the specific reviewer comments.
Also, the experimental method is indeed the final word, and this is the very definition of science -- repeatability is king. This is why, at this stage, the Truth Movement hypotheses have all disappeared. The majority of them are not even testable, while on the other side of the fence, every single facet of the "official theory" supported by NIST, U Purdue, and others is supported by observation and experiment. They also have been published and peer reviewed, of course.
Just to further illustrate this point, both NIST and Dr. Quintiere's results were reviewed and passed (yes, NIST was reviewed, look it up), but they have a fundamental difference between them. Which one is correct? We will never know, and I strongly suspect the correct answer is in between. It can't be both. But both are
scientifically valid, as you put it.
Science is all about managing uncertainty. It isn't about eliminating uncertainty.