Sorry to take so long to respond - I got derailed by other threads and a nasty cold
Is this a picture of an electron?
No, despite what the news stories say, this is
not a picture of an electron. After having read the actual paper in question, this is a picture of the momentum-distribution of electrons after they've interfered with an infra-red laser beam.
From my admittedly poor knowledge of of physics the paper reads as if this a picture of the interaction of the release of an electron with light.
It may be pretty but what does it actually portray?
You're not too far off the mark there. Basically, the process went like this. Electrons were driven along by an IR-laser field - sometimes the electrons were generated "in-phase" with the IR photons, and sometimes they were driven "out-of-phase" with the IR photons. It was the interference of the electrons with the IR-laser light that was "imaged" for the purposes of producing this picture.
The "imaging" process (if you want to think of it that way) was accomplished through the use of the attosecond (10
-18 second) laser pulses. These ultra-high frequency pulses were fired at the region of interference at a direction perpendicular to the electron and IR beams. The resulting pattern of constructive and destructive interference fringes that we see are actually displaying the momentum distribution of the electrons involved in the process.
This is because we already have a good idea of where the electrons are located (since they're being "imaged" by the attosecond laser pulses), so according to the
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle (HUP) their momenta have to be spread out. And that's what we see.
I hope this helps. Here's a picture from the paper that I stole to help illustrate the process...
