Dark Matter, Gravity and all that stuff.
Dark Matter is sometimes called Heavy Dark Matter or HDM and I think that it is nearly obvious to unwrap or to uncover, as it were, its nature. First, we only know of three kinds of matter that have any long term stability... Neutrons, protons and electrons... Neutrons have a mean lifetime of about 875 seconds if they are free...and then they decay into a proton, an electron and an anti-neutrino... and no one is completely sure what an anti-neutrino really is. Perhaps it is simply the center of momentum of the electron and proton?? Protons are more or less eternal as far as we know since we've never seen a free proton spontaneously decay... and plenty of people have been looking. Electrons seem to be pretty stable, too...even though an electron can combine with an anti-electron (positron) then depart the scene as a gamma ray photon.. that process we call pair annihilation and the reverse of it is pair creation. There's sort of an implication that any photon can be blue shifted to the status of a gamma ray photon so that we might consider that every photon is really an electron and its charge and mass conjugate in superposition...where the term 'superposition', in this case, means combined in a way that they are essentially entwined and sitting right in the same physical space with each other. I'm not sure anyone else thinks about photons in this manner but the interpretation of the data is really what physics is all about when we get down to brass tacks; and presently that is how I choose to interpret photons. Photons apparently seem to be very stable in their own regime, cooking along, apparently at the velocity of light oscillating, it would seem, as Maxwell's equations suggest, between the two vector field modes of Del X H and Del X E... At least that is the hand and arm waving that one can pick up out of almost any text on electromagnetics when we see Maxwell's equations written in terms of E and H only. Photons disappear when they are absorbed by an electron, imparting to the electron the amount of energy that we have associated with the existence of the photon... (Except in the case of Compton scattering and then some of the energy is absorbed by the nucleus giving it a boost in its own coordinate frame. So, we have what?...would that be four (4) basic particles...or types of long lasting quantum particles? and these are Protons, electrons, neutrons and then photons... So, we don't have to look much further then, than to suggest that if we have some neutrons and protons and that there is some condition that prevents electrons from being in close association with those protons and neutrons then we have a substance that has only nuclear volume. Considering say 6 neutrons and 6 protons collected into a nucleus we have the core of a carbon 12 atom. What volume does it have? Not much really. If there are no electrons then it only has what we can say to be is 'nuclear' volume. Suppose we stuck 10 billion or so of these nuclei together...what would we have...bear in mind we're going to call into play some sort of a force or condition that absolutely excludes electrons from being around these. We find this stuff at a place that we consider to be very much in a regime of high gravity. Now I'm going to make one little suggestion...and you don't have to buy it permanently like a piece of Florida Real Estate...but I'm going to offer it and simply ask that you temporarily buy into it... lease it for a short while. okay? If a photon comes near a nucleus then an electron is said to have been boosted to a higher energy level and actually can get so much energy as to fly completely away from the atom. Let's just say that this 'charge and its conjugate (the photon) produces a state where the positive nucleus and the negative electron really appear to strongly repel one another. Buy that for a moment. The data is the same... I'm only asking that you put a slightly different interpretation on the data. I'm going to say that the ultimate purloined letter has been hanging around all this time and we've been terribly slow to catch on. Here's the pitch: A photon, being a charge and its conjugate in superposition is really a gravitational charge packet. Think of what you've been taught about an event horizon. A black hole is a theoretical object and the idea is that we can consider equipotential surfaces arranged concentrically around a black hole like onion skin layers. From the viewpoint of any outside observer we can consider that all the clocks run at the same rate for any given equipotential surface. As we go to layers deeper down, that is, with greater and greater curvature we see that the clocks on such 'lower' surfaces run slower than clocks on higher surfaces.... eventually we see that from the viewpoint of any outside observer that the clocks appear to come to a complete stop (at what we have called the event horizon). It would be safe to say that from the viewpoint of a remote outside observer that relatibve motion stops. So, if a photon is a gravitational charge packet then we can say that the photon causes the relative motion between the nucleus and an electron to approach zero. The suggestion, then, is that when the relative motion between an electron and a proton approaches zero that they will interact in a manner that appears to be just the opposite of what Coulomb's Law predicts. Is this too big of a leap for you? It shouldn't be because Maxwell's Equations absolutely and positively suggest this. Because if it is then that is too bad because I'm simply handing you (anyone who reads this) the key to the unification of electromagnetism and gravity and simultaneously handing you the solution as to the nature of HDM. There are a couple of more pieces... and that is if a charge and its conjugate is the correct analysis of a photon then any structure that can be described using Maxwell's Equations... and I'm saying any large scale closed flux loop structure... that can be described as a Del X E or Del X H vector field really can be decomposed into n charges and n charge conjugates and without doubt must be a large scale gravitational source. Oh heck...did you know that this describes our own sun? That in the Del X E vector field mode its secondary vectors are H and therefore a flux torus should display the characteristic signature of a magnetic dipole... oh...shades of the sun during solar minumum!!! Then at solar max large scale polar coronal holes appear and those are indicative of large scale electric field gradients...in the polar regions....well wouldn't that mean that the sun's field is now in the Del X H vector field mode where its secondary vectors are E so that the sun ought to display the features of a large scale electric dipole...? Oh heck...this is really what goes on as the sun oscillates between those two modes. So we could describe the underlying phenomenal aspects of the sun as that which belongs to a large scale standing wave boson that oscillates between the two modes. We can see that the sun's primary flux loop produces a gravitational field that is really terminated at the toroidal axis of the loop... really the focus point of the Poynting vectors that are normal to any toroidal flux loop. Along that gravitational terminus we should see the accumulation of matter that is void of electrons... and so it accumulates in a compact loop in the cores of stars.. this stuff we call heavy dark matter... it is dark because there are no electrons...they are excluded from the gravitational terminus.. it is heavy for the same reason. It only has nuclear density... not the airier atomic density. So, by simply unifying electromagnetism and gravity we find a new property of a gravitational field which turns out to be a strong charge separation effect, we identify the nature of HDM by knowing about the strong charge separation effect and we can even then even learn where all heavy elements come from (when the HDM differentiates into a variety of atomic species when the gravity boson is temporarily displaced from the matter at its terminus.) I'm taking a little perverse enjoyment in this because I know that only the very brightest readers will actually get this... and see that we can answer a host of problems in astrophysics and cosmology by simply discovering that elementary charged particles must behave opposite to the expectations of Coulomb's Law when they are overlapping in momentum space...and we must become aware of the fact that a gravitational field is really a time rate gradient structure... and honestly... it is really trivial to prove using just Maxwell's Equations and known data that elementary charged particles that are overlapping in momentum space must behave in a manner that is opposite to the expectations of Coulomb's Law. I can hardly believe that no one has worked all this stuff out before...it is so completely obvious...
Cheers... Davis Hamilton...
Dark Matter is sometimes called Heavy Dark Matter or HDM and I think that it is nearly obvious to unwrap or to uncover, as it were, its nature. First, we only know of three kinds of matter that have any long term stability... Neutrons, protons and electrons... Neutrons have a mean lifetime of about 875 seconds if they are free...and then they decay into a proton, an electron and an anti-neutrino... and no one is completely sure what an anti-neutrino really is. Perhaps it is simply the center of momentum of the electron and proton?? Protons are more or less eternal as far as we know since we've never seen a free proton spontaneously decay... and plenty of people have been looking. Electrons seem to be pretty stable, too...even though an electron can combine with an anti-electron (positron) then depart the scene as a gamma ray photon.. that process we call pair annihilation and the reverse of it is pair creation. There's sort of an implication that any photon can be blue shifted to the status of a gamma ray photon so that we might consider that every photon is really an electron and its charge and mass conjugate in superposition...where the term 'superposition', in this case, means combined in a way that they are essentially entwined and sitting right in the same physical space with each other. I'm not sure anyone else thinks about photons in this manner but the interpretation of the data is really what physics is all about when we get down to brass tacks; and presently that is how I choose to interpret photons. Photons apparently seem to be very stable in their own regime, cooking along, apparently at the velocity of light oscillating, it would seem, as Maxwell's equations suggest, between the two vector field modes of Del X H and Del X E... At least that is the hand and arm waving that one can pick up out of almost any text on electromagnetics when we see Maxwell's equations written in terms of E and H only. Photons disappear when they are absorbed by an electron, imparting to the electron the amount of energy that we have associated with the existence of the photon... (Except in the case of Compton scattering and then some of the energy is absorbed by the nucleus giving it a boost in its own coordinate frame. So, we have what?...would that be four (4) basic particles...or types of long lasting quantum particles? and these are Protons, electrons, neutrons and then photons... So, we don't have to look much further then, than to suggest that if we have some neutrons and protons and that there is some condition that prevents electrons from being in close association with those protons and neutrons then we have a substance that has only nuclear volume. Considering say 6 neutrons and 6 protons collected into a nucleus we have the core of a carbon 12 atom. What volume does it have? Not much really. If there are no electrons then it only has what we can say to be is 'nuclear' volume. Suppose we stuck 10 billion or so of these nuclei together...what would we have...bear in mind we're going to call into play some sort of a force or condition that absolutely excludes electrons from being around these. We find this stuff at a place that we consider to be very much in a regime of high gravity. Now I'm going to make one little suggestion...and you don't have to buy it permanently like a piece of Florida Real Estate...but I'm going to offer it and simply ask that you temporarily buy into it... lease it for a short while. okay? If a photon comes near a nucleus then an electron is said to have been boosted to a higher energy level and actually can get so much energy as to fly completely away from the atom. Let's just say that this 'charge and its conjugate (the photon) produces a state where the positive nucleus and the negative electron really appear to strongly repel one another. Buy that for a moment. The data is the same... I'm only asking that you put a slightly different interpretation on the data. I'm going to say that the ultimate purloined letter has been hanging around all this time and we've been terribly slow to catch on. Here's the pitch: A photon, being a charge and its conjugate in superposition is really a gravitational charge packet. Think of what you've been taught about an event horizon. A black hole is a theoretical object and the idea is that we can consider equipotential surfaces arranged concentrically around a black hole like onion skin layers. From the viewpoint of any outside observer we can consider that all the clocks run at the same rate for any given equipotential surface. As we go to layers deeper down, that is, with greater and greater curvature we see that the clocks on such 'lower' surfaces run slower than clocks on higher surfaces.... eventually we see that from the viewpoint of any outside observer that the clocks appear to come to a complete stop (at what we have called the event horizon). It would be safe to say that from the viewpoint of a remote outside observer that relatibve motion stops. So, if a photon is a gravitational charge packet then we can say that the photon causes the relative motion between the nucleus and an electron to approach zero. The suggestion, then, is that when the relative motion between an electron and a proton approaches zero that they will interact in a manner that appears to be just the opposite of what Coulomb's Law predicts. Is this too big of a leap for you? It shouldn't be because Maxwell's Equations absolutely and positively suggest this. Because if it is then that is too bad because I'm simply handing you (anyone who reads this) the key to the unification of electromagnetism and gravity and simultaneously handing you the solution as to the nature of HDM. There are a couple of more pieces... and that is if a charge and its conjugate is the correct analysis of a photon then any structure that can be described using Maxwell's Equations... and I'm saying any large scale closed flux loop structure... that can be described as a Del X E or Del X H vector field really can be decomposed into n charges and n charge conjugates and without doubt must be a large scale gravitational source. Oh heck...did you know that this describes our own sun? That in the Del X E vector field mode its secondary vectors are H and therefore a flux torus should display the characteristic signature of a magnetic dipole... oh...shades of the sun during solar minumum!!! Then at solar max large scale polar coronal holes appear and those are indicative of large scale electric field gradients...in the polar regions....well wouldn't that mean that the sun's field is now in the Del X H vector field mode where its secondary vectors are E so that the sun ought to display the features of a large scale electric dipole...? Oh heck...this is really what goes on as the sun oscillates between those two modes. So we could describe the underlying phenomenal aspects of the sun as that which belongs to a large scale standing wave boson that oscillates between the two modes. We can see that the sun's primary flux loop produces a gravitational field that is really terminated at the toroidal axis of the loop... really the focus point of the Poynting vectors that are normal to any toroidal flux loop. Along that gravitational terminus we should see the accumulation of matter that is void of electrons... and so it accumulates in a compact loop in the cores of stars.. this stuff we call heavy dark matter... it is dark because there are no electrons...they are excluded from the gravitational terminus.. it is heavy for the same reason. It only has nuclear density... not the airier atomic density. So, by simply unifying electromagnetism and gravity we find a new property of a gravitational field which turns out to be a strong charge separation effect, we identify the nature of HDM by knowing about the strong charge separation effect and we can even then even learn where all heavy elements come from (when the HDM differentiates into a variety of atomic species when the gravity boson is temporarily displaced from the matter at its terminus.) I'm taking a little perverse enjoyment in this because I know that only the very brightest readers will actually get this... and see that we can answer a host of problems in astrophysics and cosmology by simply discovering that elementary charged particles must behave opposite to the expectations of Coulomb's Law when they are overlapping in momentum space...and we must become aware of the fact that a gravitational field is really a time rate gradient structure... and honestly... it is really trivial to prove using just Maxwell's Equations and known data that elementary charged particles that are overlapping in momentum space must behave in a manner that is opposite to the expectations of Coulomb's Law. I can hardly believe that no one has worked all this stuff out before...it is so completely obvious...
Cheers... Davis Hamilton...
