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JONES new paper:Microspheres and Temperatures

Mr. Furlong's Last Stand

Here you go, Craig.

Take a look at this picture: LDEO Seismometry of Aircraft Impacts

Write what time the events occured, to the nearest second is good enough.

Then compare this result to the numbers in your paper.

That ought to do it.
 
Well, I have been complaining on this thread that Steven Jones is yet to tell us how much of his WTC dust sample is "iron-rich microspheres". In fact I have suggested that all he has said by way of an answer to this question is that "We found an abundance of tiny solidified droplets... (which) were predominately iron-rich."

Now the word abundance is very vague, but it certainly suggests a lot... say more than 25 %.

Well, I have now discovered that SJ has in fact made an estimate of the fraction of microspheres in the WTC dust, so, I STAND CORRECTED!

But what is Jones' estimate?

Well, go to page 78 of his May 2007 JONES article entitled "Revisiting 9/11/2001 - Applying the Scientific Method."

Here we read:

"The mass of the two larger spheres (0.012 g) found in the sample can be used to provide a crude estimate of the fraction of iron-rich spheres in the dust: 0.012/32.1 = 0.04 %"

0.04 % !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

This is Jones' idea of "an abundance"!!!!

To a man in the desert dying of thirst, a half cup of water is abundance. However it will only keep him alive for just so long. This seems to be the last dying moans of the thermite theories.
 
Well, go to page 78 of his May 2007 JONES article entitled "Revisiting 9/11/2001 - Applying the Scientific Method."

Here we read:

"The mass of the two larger spheres (0.012 g) found in the sample can be used to provide a crude estimate of the fraction of iron-rich spheres in the dust: 0.012/32.1 = 0.04 %"

Yeah, I too am not impressed with 0.04%. Doubly so since this is based on 0.012 grams of iron. I gravely doubt his sampling methods are accurate enough to estimate milligram quantities.

If anything, comparison to the other papers on the subject suggest that this dust isn't WTC dust at all. It doesn't have enough microspheres!

I'm calling this one closed unless something more interesting shows up.
 
Here you go, Craig.

Take a look at this picture: LDEO Seismometry of Aircraft Impacts

Write what time the events occured, to the nearest second is good enough.

Then compare this result to the numbers in your paper.

That ought to do it.

I have seen that picture many times and it proves nothing.

The seismic origin time compared to the radar time is what this is about. Your paper is fallacious on this (you failed to take a moment to determine the definition for this term).

No one has dismissed the radar times as being inaccurate, and no one has dismissed the seismic origin times accepted by NIST as being anything but accurate. You can not overturn these facts, Mackey.

AA Flt 11 impacted WTC1 at 8:46:40, but the NIST seismic origin time for the same event (supposedly) is 8:46:30 (plus or minus one second).

That's a 10-second UTC difference. Got any ideas on that?

And while you're thinking, try taking your wrong definition for seismic "origin time" and replacing it with the right one. It is what it is.

"Origin Time" is exactly that--the precise moment for when the seismic event occurred.

Adios
 
I have seen that picture many times and it proves nothing.

The seismic origin time compared to the radar time is what this is about. Your paper is fallacious on this (you failed to take a moment to determine the definition for this term).

No one has dismissed the radar times as being inaccurate, and no one has dismissed the seismic origin times accepted by NIST as being anything but accurate. You can not overturn these facts, Mackey.

AA Flt 11 impacted WTC1 at 8:46:40, but the NIST seismic origin time for the same event (supposedly) is 8:46:30 (plus or minus one second).

That's a 10-second UTC difference. Got any ideas on that?

And while you're thinking, try taking your wrong definition for seismic "origin time" and replacing it with the right one. It is what it is.

"Origin Time" is exactly that--the precise moment for when the seismic event occurred.

Adios


You really don't have the slightest idea of what Mackey's talking about, do you?
 
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Just to be clear, I would like to list my criticisms of Jones's paper:
  1. In section 2 (Methods), the authors fail to specify whether the detector on the SEM is a silicon lithium Si(Li) detector or a silicon drift detector (SDD). This is actually quite important since the SDD has a high instance of coincidence peaking which can cause misidentification of certain elements. Looking at the spectra, it appears to be a Si(Li) detector, but that's an educated guess at best.
  2. On page 2, in the section "Results", the author states, "The spherules found in the WTC dust were predominately iron-rich" without supporting his contention with a statistical analysis of the iron content of the particles available for analysis. He might mean that the particles he analyzed were iron rich, but that indicates heavy operator bias in selecting particles.
  3. The author makes no mention of the particle correction routine used to determine the composition of the particles. He further makes no indication of standards collected, or of calibrations run to determine what the relative deviation of a standardless particle quant would be. This is an extremely important point. Jones is reporting "approximate" particle compositions to one decimal place, indicating that his analysis has a deviation of +/- 0.1%. It, of course, would be helpful if Jones were to actually report the actual two standard normal deviation, but I think we've already established that such considerations are for real research papers, not Jones's dreck. Anyway, J.T. Armstrong in Electron Probe Quantitation (pp 296) reported 2 standard deviations for particle analysis using conventional ZAF corrections as +/- 55% relative. In the case of the iron composition given as a caption in Figure 3, it should read Fe = 10.7% +/- 5.9%.
  4. The caption under figure 4 states "The Fe-S-Al-O signature is striking, nothing like the signature of structural steel." This is a particularly appalling statement intending to somehow imply that all of the iron rich spherules from his "dust sample" had to be from structural steel or gypsum. Similar to what Dr. Greening has already pointed out, we can't simply assume that the only source of iron in the WTC dust was from steel. Nor can we assume that the temperatures necessary to vaporize the individual constituent elements of those spheres is what caused them to form in the first place. I mentioned rice husk ash in an earlier post which has an abundance of iron rich particles despite rather low burning temperatures. Crazy Chainsaw has also provided information regarding the vaporization of molybdenum at temperatures far below those required to vaporize the pure constituent metal.
  5. The caption under figure 5 states "The O/Fe ratio of 1.5 suggests that Fe2O3 is present, iron (III) oxide." Regarding my analysis in point 3, Jones can not state with any certainty that the O/Fe ratio is actually 1.5. Furthermore, Jones seems completely unaware that hydrogen atoms are not fluoresced during XEDS. This means that Jones cannot, with any certainty, determine if the particles are Fe2O3 or Fe(OH)2,3,4 or any variant thereof.
  6. On page 4, Jones reports the following, "No explanation for the presence of these iron-rich and silicate spheres (which imply very high temperatures along with droplet formation) is given in the published USGS reports." This is further evidence that he simply rejects the possibility that fires caused this ash sample. The USGS report's purpose was not to comment on the source of the iron rich spheres. In fact, I can't imagine why any researcher, when presented with a sample of ash from a building fire would think twice about finding iron.
  7. On page 4, Jones reports, "A WTC dust sample acquired at 130 Liberty Street shows a “mean of composition” of “Fe spheres” of 5.87% which is very high compared with “Fe spheres” found in ordinary building dust of only 0.04% [1]." Ladies and Gentlemen, I submit to you that Jones has decided to compare apples to oranges. He has chosen to compare the composition of ordinary building dust to ash from a building fire. And he thinks it's strange. Lunacy.
  8. The next several pages operate on the following argument: Because the temperature required to vaporize a pure metal is really high, these spheres cannot form in normal office fires. Of course, this argument is completely useless unless you compare the results to a similar office fire or across a series of office fires. Jones is expecting the scientific community at large to believe that such elements are not found in office fires because he says so.
  9. Finally, the appendix notes where Jones got his samples from. I'm sorry, but I honestly can't understand how any legitimate scientist could possibly believe the validity of Jones's source. There is absolutely no reason to believe that Jones's "WTC Dust" samples are from the actual World Trade Center. Suffice it to say that such forensic handling would certainly not be admissible in any court.
Anyway, that's the nuts and bolts of it. Jones has done an excellent job of writing a report that gives the appearance of scientific validity with absolutely no science to back it up. He has utterly neglected standardized analysis methods, ignored forensic evidence gathering techniques, and has based his argument on nothing more than his personal opinion. There is absolutely no reason to accept any of Jones's conclusions or results.

I posted these questions to Dr. Jones. Here is his reply. Much apologies if it has been posted already:

1. Si(Li) detector
2. The question leaves out the last part of the very SENTENCE quoted. to generate a straw man. Quote the rest, and then re-phrase the question fairly.
3. We have run a series of measurements on Fe2O3, to determine the accuracy of the EDAX system. +/- 55% is totally exaggerated and incorrect for this system, nor can I see any justification for using 2 standard deviations -- why does the author use 2 sigma instead of one? We have the data, a short paper to follow will provide detailed analysis.
4. What? We did not imply any such thing. (Straw man.)
5. See 3 above. The ratio of 1.5 is a reasonable indicator based on those measurements -- we used the term "suggests".
6. What?
"On page 4, Jones reports the following, "No explanation for the presence of these iron-rich and silicate spheres (which imply very high temperatures along with droplet formation) is given in the published USGS reports." This is further evidence that he simply rejects the possibility that fires caused this ash sample."
Logic is incomplete, please explain. USGS giving no explanation for these spheres does not mean that I reject the possibility that fires caused this ash sample.
7. This is not apples and oranges or "lunacy" to compare the iron-rich sphere content in WTC dust with that in ordinary dust, or explain why you state this. Ad hominem ("lunacy") and faulty logic unless explained.
More later, sorry time is limited and I have another appointment. You may wish also to query a co-author, as there are EIGHT authors, not just one.
8. "The next several pages operate on the following argument: Because the temperature required to vaporize a pure metal is really high, these spheres cannot form in normal office fires. "
Show me where in the paper we say anything about VAPORIZATION of metals to form spheres. It's not there! This guy has not read the paper carefully evidently -- or just likes to invent straw-man arguments.

9. "There is absolutely no reason to believe that Jones's "WTC Dust" samples are from the actual World Trade Center."

Why does the author say this? Pls explain why you don't think the dust samples are from the WTC. And how about the WTC dust samples discussed by USGS and RJ Lee? Why do these various samples show iron-rich spheres, if there is something wrong with our samples? Why the agreement as to findings in the various samples?
 
I posted these questions to Dr. Jones. Here is his reply. Much apologies if it has been posted already:

1. Si(Li) detector
2. The question leaves out the last part of the very SENTENCE quoted. to generate a straw man. Quote the rest, and then re-phrase the question fairly.
3. We have run a series of measurements on Fe2O3, to determine the accuracy of the EDAX system. +/- 55% is totally exaggerated and incorrect for this system, nor can I see any justification for using 2 standard deviations -- why does the author use 2 sigma instead of one? We have the data, a short paper to follow will provide detailed analysis.
4. What? We did not imply any such thing. (Straw man.)
5. See 3 above. The ratio of 1.5 is a reasonable indicator based on those measurements -- we used the term "suggests".
6. What?
"On page 4, Jones reports the following, "No explanation for the presence of these iron-rich and silicate spheres (which imply very high temperatures along with droplet formation) is given in the published USGS reports." This is further evidence that he simply rejects the possibility that fires caused this ash sample."
Logic is incomplete, please explain. USGS giving no explanation for these spheres does not mean that I reject the possibility that fires caused this ash sample.
7. This is not apples and oranges or "lunacy" to compare the iron-rich sphere content in WTC dust with that in ordinary dust, or explain why you state this. Ad hominem ("lunacy") and faulty logic unless explained.
More later, sorry time is limited and I have another appointment. You may wish also to query a co-author, as there are EIGHT authors, not just one.
8. "The next several pages operate on the following argument: Because the temperature required to vaporize a pure metal is really high, these spheres cannot form in normal office fires. "
Show me where in the paper we say anything about VAPORIZATION of metals to form spheres. It's not there! This guy has not read the paper carefully evidently -- or just likes to invent straw-man arguments.

9. "There is absolutely no reason to believe that Jones's "WTC Dust" samples are from the actual World Trade Center."

Why does the author say this? Pls explain why you don't think the dust samples are from the WTC. And how about the WTC dust samples discussed by USGS and RJ Lee? Why do these various samples show iron-rich spheres, if there is something wrong with our samples? Why the agreement as to findings in the various samples?

Since I can now recreate the spheres , as they would have been created in the fires does it matter, Iron Micro spheres can be create by iron oxide or Iron chloride, suspended in hot gases at as little as 900c during recrystallization the Micro spheres tend to form round spheres because of their own plastic behavior.
The critical temperature is not the point where they become molten but he point where the Crystalline bonding of the crystals deteriorates.
That is why reduction and oxidation reactions can occur at as little as 900c.


The dear Doctors Spheres if formed in the fires are evidence of back draft carbon monoxide and hydrogen explosions, natural events in Hydrocarbon fires with heated steam, both type of Micro spheres would be formed is such a fire as the towers it is to be expected.
This by the way comes from experimental data, I am not sure but I think such back-draft and Hydrogen events in the fires by mixing in a wave compression front can produce sufficient over pressures to form he amount of Micro spheres seen.
Dr. Jone is hand waving when he said theses spheres were created from high temperatures, I have done the experiment and paid the price for the knowledge I have gained my back hurts like H$LL, so if the spheres are not manufactured then your answer is that Dr. Jones has discovered that there were back Draft explosions in a hydrocarbon and Carbohydrate fire with reactive metals.
There is no reason to believe these spheres and the materials shown are not normal occurrences of high energy events such as the collapses of the twin towers, on 9/11/2001.
That is why this makes me laugh now, I have expected a Whole range of these events to be published by Dr. Jones, however I wonder if he would be interested in the fact that one of my experiments actually formed silicon carbide? :D

I know that Silicon carbide sand paper was in the material that I burned however since it Melts at temperatures around 2730°C how was it melted in a fire involving only Wood, and Diesel fuel, as the main fuels with just plastics and metals?

Of course I know how it was formed, I only want to ask you if you have the knowledge to figure it yourself?

PS. Unless you can prevent fires and building collapse like occured on Sept, 11/2001 Your going to have micro sphere fromation in said fires, and your going to have high temperatures in the rubble piles, such are unavoidable in those enviroments.
 
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I posted these questions to Dr. Jones. Here is his reply. Much apologies if it has been posted already:
Thank you for doing this Swing Dangler.
1. Si(Li) detector
2. The question leaves out the last part of the very SENTENCE quoted. to generate a straw man. Quote the rest, and then re-phrase the question fairly.

That's quite a dodge. My point was that said sentence:
The spherules found in the WTC dust were predominately iron-rich (appearing metallic) and silicates (appearing glassy under an optical microscope).
implies that the entirety of the WTC dust was analyzed. Were it analyzed, I should have seen some sort of chart stating how many particles were found and what their appearances were. We need to know the total number of particles analyzed and what methods were used to determine the composition of the particles. My strong suspicion is that only a handful of particles were actually analyzed in house, and that's not nearly enough to make any sort of determination on the sample set as a whole.
3. We have run a series of measurements on Fe2O3, to determine the accuracy of the EDAX system.
Sorry Dr. Jones, I'm not taking your word for anything. Show the data, do the statistics and get back to me.
+/- 55% is totally exaggerated and incorrect for this system,
It's fine if you want to make stuff up, but the value I quoted is part of a legitimately published work. Armstrong's work is considered seminal in terms of particle analysis.
nor can I see any justification for using 2 standard deviations -- why does the author use 2 sigma instead of one? We have the data, a short paper to follow will provide detailed analysis.
Why did you not include the data in your paper? Do you not understand how to write for a legitimate scientific publication?

Dr. Jones seems to have missed my original point. So let me restate it: He is using a bulk corrections model, without standards in order to acquire his data. That introduces at least 2 forms of error, the first from standardless analysis (+/- 10~20% relative), the second is from bulk vs. particle correction models (+/- 15~30% relative for 1 standard deviation). That makes the values Jones has quoted to be nothing short of meaningless. It further makes his analysis of the data presented in the caption for Figure 5 also meaningless.
4. What? We did not imply any such thing. (Straw man.)
Then why mention structural steel at all? I can assure you the particle has a composition far closer to some fly ash or rice husk ash particles, so why mention structural steel?
5. See 3 above. The ratio of 1.5 is a reasonable indicator based on those measurements -- we used the term "suggests".
Closing your eyes and plugging your ears while saying "LA LA LA LA" is not an acceptable form of scientific rebuttal. Whenever I see the word "suggests", it tells me that the authors were too lazy or incompetent to check further into the matter. Your thesis largely rests on the idea that the temperatures necessary to create said spherules were too high. It matters whether or not you have Fe2O3 or Fe(OH)2, and your Table 1 uses the temperature to melt Fe2O3. You are the one who has changed in approximate result into an exact one by assuming that your analysis proves the presence of Fe2O3.
6. What?
"On page 4, Jones reports the following, "No explanation for the presence of these iron-rich and silicate spheres (which imply very high temperatures along with droplet formation) is given in the published USGS reports." This is further evidence that he simply rejects the possibility that fires caused this ash sample."
Logic is incomplete, please explain. USGS giving no explanation for these spheres does not mean that I reject the possibility that fires caused this ash sample.
The entirety of your work rests upon the idea that the the fires were not hot enough to generate the particles found in the WTC dust. The USGS did, in fact, provide an explanation for how the particles were formed.

Now why do you not mention anywhere in your paper about the possibility that all of the particles are part of normal fire / household ash?
7. This is not apples and oranges or "lunacy" to compare the iron-rich sphere content in WTC dust with that in ordinary dust, or explain why you state this. Ad hominem ("lunacy") and faulty logic unless explained.
While it would be an ad hom to call Dr. Jones a lunatic, it is not ad hom to call the argument lunacy. My criticism comes from the abysmally small sample set you have.
8. "The next several pages operate on the following argument: Because the temperature required to vaporize a pure metal is really high, these spheres cannot form in normal office fires. "
Show me where in the paper we say anything about VAPORIZATION of metals to form spheres. It's not there! This guy has not read the paper carefully evidently -- or just likes to invent straw-man arguments.
I will admit my mistake here. I should have said "melted" rather than "vaporized." My argument still stands, however. The paper does rest on the idea that, because the temperature required to melt the various constituent metals of the particles you chose to analyze, then the particles could not have been created as part of the WTC fire and collapse. My criticism of your point is that you have chosen not to compare any of your data to those ash particles found in similarly intense office building fires. Nor have you chosen to compare the data to fly ash or other fire formed particles. Care to address this?
9. "There is absolutely no reason to believe that Jones's "WTC Dust" samples are from the actual World Trade Center."

Why does the author say this? Pls explain why you don't think the dust samples are from the WTC.
Your sample set was collected from the interior of an apartment 4 blocks from the site, 3 days after the collapse. You followed no protocols of evidence gathering. Your sample has introduced bias based on distance traveled and a contaminated collection site.

In discussions with Dr. Greening, I would be willing to accept that the majority of the particles you have collected are from the WTC, but I'm not willing to accept that anomalous particles were required to come from the WTC. Next time, get someone who knows how to collect samples.
And how about the WTC dust samples discussed by USGS and RJ Lee? Why do these various samples show iron-rich spheres, if there is something wrong with our samples? Why the agreement as to findings in the various samples?

Let me be clear about this: I believe iron rich spheres are part of normal, building fire created ash. That does not mean that you collected the particles in any way that would cause it to be acceptable as a forensic investigation. You don't simply get to look at other researchers' data, slap your name on it, and then come up with a different conclusion. That's not science.


While I appreciate your efforts on this, Swing, I will not be spending any more time on Jones.
 
Publish it!

Since I can now recreate the spheres , as they would have been created in the fires does it matter, Iron Micro spheres can be create by iron oxide or Iron chloride, suspended in hot gases at as little as 900c during recrystallization the Micro spheres tend to form round spheres because of their own plastic behavior.
The critical temperature is not the point where they become molten but he point where the Crystalline bonding of the crystals deteriorates.
That is why reduction and oxidation reactions can occur at as little as 900c.


The dear Doctors Spheres if formed in the fires are evidence of back draft carbon monoxide and hydrogen explosions, natural events in Hydrocarbon fires with heated steam, both type of Micro spheres would be formed is such a fire as the towers it is to be expected.
This by the way comes from experimental data, I am not sure but I think such back-draft and Hydrogen events in the fires by mixing in a wave compression front can produce sufficient over pressures to form he amount of Micro spheres seen.
Dr. Jone is hand waving when he said theses spheres were created from high temperatures, I have done the experiment and paid the price for the knowledge I have gained my back hurts like H$LL, so if the spheres are not manufactured then your answer is that Dr. Jones has discovered that there were back Draft explosions in a hydrocarbon and Carbohydrate fire with reactive metals.
There is no reason to believe these spheres and the materials shown are not normal occurrences of high energy events such as the collapses of the twin towers, on 9/11/2001.
That is why this makes me laugh now, I have expected a Whole range of these events to be published by Dr. Jones, however I wonder if he would be interested in the fact that one of my experiments actually formed silicon carbide? :D

I know that Silicon carbide sand paper was in the material that I burned however since it Melts at temperatures around 2730°C how was it melted in a fire involving only Wood, and Diesel fuel, as the main fuels with just plastics and metals?

Of course I know how it was formed, I only want to ask you if you have the knowledge to figure it yourself?

PS. Unless you can prevent fires and building collapse like occured on Sept, 11/2001 Your going to have micro sphere fromation in said fires, and your going to have high temperatures in the rubble piles, such are unavoidable in those enviroments.

If you could, publish your experiments and then submit it to the Journal of 9/11 Studies it would certainly be appreciated.
 
If you could, publish your experiments and then submit it to the Journal of 9/11 Studies it would certainly be appreciated.

I think those at JREF would be interested in maintaining some level of credibility.

Submitting work to a laughable, fraudulent Troofer website pretending it's an academic journal is not how one builds scientific credibility.

Unless, of course, you're a Troofer.
 
Thank you for doing this Swing Dangler.
Your welcome.


Your sample set was collected from the interior of an apartment 4 blocks from the site, 3 days after the collapse. You followed no protocols of evidence gathering. Your sample has introduced bias based on distance traveled and a contaminated collection site.
Here is where I disagree with this criticism. I would argue that the same protocol is the one the USGS followed as described below.
Sample collection in the World Trade Center area, Sept 17-18, 2001

A 2-person USGS crew collected grab samples from 35 localities within a 0.5 - 1 km radius circle centered on the World trade Center site on the evenings of September 17 and 18, 2001 (see sample collection map, below).

Many of the streets bordering the collection locations were cleaned or were in the process of being cleaned at the time of sample collection. Given this limitation, collection of dust samples was restricted to undisturbed window ledges, car windshields, flower pots, protected areas in door entry ways, and steps. Occasionally, samples were collected from the sidewalk adjacent to walls that were afforded some degree of protection from the elements and cleanup process. -Source USGS Here.
Let me be clear about this: I believe iron rich spheres are part of normal, building fire created ash. That does not mean that you collected the particles in any way that would cause it to be acceptable as a forensic investigation. You don't simply get to look at other researchers' data, slap your name on it, and then come up with a different conclusion. That's not science.
This critique is absolute nonsense of course. The collection procedure was nearly identical to the USGS collection method. I would argue they would have an even cleaner sample due to the time frame of Jone's collection date. They are not "slapping" their name on the USGS research only comparing their samples with the USGS samples.
 
I think those at JREF would be interested in maintaining some level of credibility.

Submitting work to a laughable, fraudulent Troofer website pretending it's an academic journal is not how one builds scientific credibility.

Unless, of course, you're a Troofer.

Or he could publish it in another journal or even in "whitepaper" form so that he could compete with the tour guide and Rmackey.

The paper's credibility should rest on its own laurels of course and not where it is published.
 
gotta love the slap in the face "tour guide" comment. Then they whine about calling them idiots or truthers....

Not that Mark would mind the label, as it is his job, and I am sure he loves it, but it seems that the truth movement use it when they want to belittle Mark and his abilities.

Shame really...but expected.

TAM:)
 
Or he could publish it in another journal or even in "whitepaper" form so that he could compete with the tour guide and Rmackey.

The paper's credibility should rest on its own laurels of course and not where it is published.

Why, the experiments have always been to satisfy my own curiosity, however they are so simple that anyone willing to risk being blown up could do them. It is the not being blown up part that is the hard part.

OH and Swing Dangler it only required the ignition of steel at 3000c some how that melted the Silicon carbide, and formed the globule there is even a trace amount of black material in it that is probably iron Fe 304, however I thought that silicon carbide could not be melted, it is supposed to burn in an oxygen atmosphere at that temperature it is used as a deoxidizing agent in steel making.
It could also be a remnant left in the steel that melted from the steel making process, I was surprised to find it.
 
Or he could publish it in another journal or even in "whitepaper" form so that he could compete with the tour guide and Rmackey.

The paper's credibility should rest on its own laurels of course and not where it is published.

Why, the experiments have always been to satisfy my own curiosity, however they are so simple that anyone willing to risk being blown up could do them. It is the not being blown up part that is the hard part.

OH and Swing Dangler it only required the ignition of steel at 3000c some how that melted the Silicon carbide, and formed the globule there is even a trace amount of black material in it that is probably iron Fe 304, however I thought that silicon carbide could not be melted, it is supposed to burn in an oxygen atmosphere at that temperature it is used as a deoxidizing agent in steel making.
It could also be a remnant left in the steel that melted from the steel making process, I was surprised to find it.
 
This critique is absolute nonsense of course. The collection procedure was nearly identical to the USGS collection method. I would argue they would have an even cleaner sample due to the time frame of Jone's collection date. They are not "slapping" their name on the USGS research only comparing their samples with the USGS samples.

Wha? In what way is collecting a single sample from a single location inside an apartment "nearly identical" to collecting samples from 35 different sites?

Boggles the mind.
 
Wha? In what way is collecting a single sample from a single location inside an apartment "nearly identical" to collecting samples from 35 different sites?

Boggles the mind.

I believe this is in regards to the sampling method ie; grab samples. It cleverly ignores the fact that the sampling population (2) in his was no where near the USGS's 35. For purposes of statistical analysis 2 is terrible. 35 isn't so hot either mind you...

Out of curiosity is there any comparison made between samples taken downwind and upwind?
 
Apollo and Mackey;

I just got my account set up at 911blogger. I want Jones to address the questions you raised.

Is it ok if I cut and paste some of your responses? He mentioned that he would be responding to questions around this time.
 

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