yrreg,
I have the impression that you hold some teachings of Buddhism to be original with the Gautama, and I am most keen to examine them in the light of critical thinking and empirical evidence.
Will you just tell me what these teachings are which for you are original with the Gautama, namely, that before he came along mankind had not ever heard of such teachings?
That is a very good question, one that I think deserves its own thread; nevertheless, I would like to post a quick response. To begin with, not everything that the Buddha taught was unknown to his contemporaries. While it is true that the Buddha used many words and concepts that were well-known long before his birth, he often used those words and concepts differently than they were originally used by those of his time, giving them his own unique meaning and context. This is clearly documented with a varitey of words such as
brahmin,
kamma,
khandha,
nibbana, et cetera. The Buddha was also an expert at word play, especially puns, although those do not always translate well into English; therefore, there were often linguistic and philosophical reasons for his choice in adopting certain terms and concepts, as well as humor of course.
To give one example of what I mean, in the introduction to his translation of the
Samyutta Nikaya, Bhikkhu Bodhi addresses the
Brahmanasamyutta, where the Buddha's conversations with various
brahmins are recorded. In particular he writes, "He here interprets the word "brahmin" by way of its original meaning, as a holy man, and on this basis redefines the true brahmin as the arahant. The three Vedas which the brahimns revered and diligently studied are replaced by the three
vijjas or true knowledges possessed by the arahant: knowledge of past births, of the laws of kammic retribution, and of the destruction of the taints" (83-4).
In addition, at the time of the Buddha the word
khandha simply meant "aggregate", "heap", or "mass". The Buddha, however, gave the word
khandha a completely new and unique meaning, applying it to the five clinging-aggregates of experience (ie. form, feelings, perceptions, formations, and consciousness). Thanissaro Bhikkhu explains that, "Prior to the Buddha, the Pali word
khandha had very ordinary meanings: A
khandha could be a pile, a bundle, a heap, a mass. It could also be the trunk of a tree. In his first sermon, though, the Buddha gave it a new, psychological meaning, introducing the term 'clinging-
khandhas' to summarize his analysis of the truth of stress and suffering. Throughout the remainder of his teaching career, he referred to these psychological
khandhas time and again" (Thanissaro Bhikkhu,
Five Piles of Bricks, 2002).
Jason