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Fossil and Evolution

For all of you who posted such wonderful responses, please do not think that your time and effort were wasted. I learned more in this one thread than I have anywhere else all week. Thanks!

My thanks also.

I think it is important to challenge creationists and the like in public forums (fora) like this one - not that their thinking will change, but because the casual reader may learn something.

I do. All the time.
 
Why does it seem the articulett's word is law?

I certainly don't expect you to trust me over him/her, but it seems that once he/she says something most people automatically agree.
 
Why does it seem the articulett's word is law?

I certainly don't expect you to trust me over him/her, but it seems that once he/she says something most people automatically agree.
Personal qualities are stripped away on the net; I could be a dog. However, it is clear that she is very well educated, and informed, on the topics she addresses.
 
Why does it seem the articulett's word is law?

I certainly don't expect you to trust me over him/her, but it seems that once he/she says something most people automatically agree.

Articulett's word is not law, nor is drkitten's, or Dr. A's.

You need to realize that from an outside perspective, people here have spent many hours trying to answer your ill-defined, rather nebulous question. You have swept many of these honest responses aside without explaining why, which might raise the level of frustration with you on this thread, and also call into question your motivation.

If someone like me, who has a relatively low level of understanding of evolution, can sense that your posts smack of dishonesty, then it is no surprise that posters with have a very high level of understanding do as well. They've probably been here and done this a hundred times...

This is no accusation on my part. I don't know if you are a creationist in disguise or just a bloke trying to understand a difficult subject, and it doesn't really matter to me. I've learned quite a lot from this thread, and would like to thank the major players - lurkers often appreciate effort that goes into this type of thread more than the intended recipient.
 
<snip>

This is no accusation on my part. I don't know if you are a creationist in disguise or just a bloke trying to understand a difficult subject, and it doesn't really matter to me. I've learned quite a lot from this thread, and would like to thank the major players - lurkers often appreciate effort that goes into this type of thread more than the intended recipient.


We lurk, we learn.
 
Articulett's word is not law, nor is drkitten's, or Dr. A's.

You need to realize that from an outside perspective, people here have spent many hours trying to answer your ill-defined, rather nebulous question. You have swept many of these honest responses aside without explaining why, which might raise the level of frustration with you on this thread, and also call into question your motivation.

If someone like me, who has a relatively low level of understanding of evolution, can sense that your posts smack of dishonesty, then it is no surprise that posters with have a very high level of understanding do as well. They've probably been here and done this a hundred times...

This is no accusation on my part. I don't know if you are a creationist in disguise or just a bloke trying to understand a difficult subject, and it doesn't really matter to me. I've learned quite a lot from this thread, and would like to thank the major players - lurkers often appreciate effort that goes into this type of thread more than the intended recipient.
Very well put!
 
If we are going to get any I think that I going to need an explanation of the connection of your question to the topic at hand.

I personally believe in evolution, but right now my belief in evolution is, at least I feel, very much unjustified (or at least I don't possess the breadth and depth of knwoledge to justify it to myself). I was raised non-religiously; so I at least I don't think I have to contend with creationism as a religious belief. As I have said before, I am just trying to reconcile what I perceive as a discontinuous record of evolution in fossils with what is overwhelming evidence for evolution as demonstrated studies done on living populations. I was trying to illuminate what exactly what I was confused about with the analogy (which has caused me no end of depillating trouble) was that, depending on how the life of the Earth is scaled to familiar (or intuitive) time scales, the evolutions of various organisms seem to happen in discrete increments (more discrete than a single generation), much like cutting frames out of a film reel or making a time-lapse film. I have no alternative explanation for the progression through intermediate forms to what exists today; that's why I'm not denying evolution, the existence of intermediate forms, the existence of "enough time" for evolution to happen, punctuated equilibrium, etc.

Can anyone help me with the reconciliation process? Or possibly explain to me if I'm making a mountain out of a mole hill?


There are a number of reasons for gaps. Ireservation being the main one. It is in the oceanic lifeforms that we the best set of samples, in that they are more continous in preservation than land forms. But peopl;e rarely want to discuss the shells, they are not as exciting as land fauna.

The precense of intermediate life forms in not needed, the question is this, does the concept of natural seelction fir the data that we have, does it make predictions,w hat other theories fit the evidence better. In achaeology you study what you find and hope that it is representative.

As for the herky jerky nature of the fossil record there are a couple of factotrs involved, first preservation and then there is this theory called 'punctuated equlibria' that you can look into (I know you already have). Natural selection need not work in he incremental fashion hypothesized by darwin, it is one of the many error that Darwin conceptualy made in his tome. But given the cultural mindset of the english victorians, it is not that unlikely. there are many authors who talk about the way our sociatal norms effect the way people want natural selection to work, as opposed to the way it does work.


It is good to question. there are no stupid questions, only stupid answers.
 
I think that this is the most clear answer that I have received. My problem most probably arose in that I was trying to directly answer an irrelevant question. If it can be agreed that the fossil record is not in and of itself evidence of natural selection
That is not quite true, there are indication of a process similar to natural selection, in many species in many eras.
, as Linda suggests, then it seems that it is missing a vital component to make it a strong (I know this is a vague term) example of evolution. This is not to say that the fossil record does not constitute an example of evolution at all. Nevertheless, since the succession of fossils lacks an empirical demonstration of natural selection,
And again what theory better explains the data available in the fossil record. How many trials are made before a high energy physicist can capture and event that indicates the existance of a throeretical particle. What if you only had a random selection of 1 in 10,000 of those events?
one of the most important mechanisms of evolution (and, from what I understand of the philosophy of science, one of the defining characteristics of science is that it offers a mechanistic explanation for empirical phenomena), it is not as strong an example of evolution as one that contains demonstration of more mechanisms that have been defined to be part of evolution.

I was looking for a less hand-wavy way of addressing the "gappiness" of the fossil record and since it appears that it is actually irrelevant to evolution (if I am accurately reading what Linda is saying), it seems that explaining that you can actually see evolution happening before your eyes today is a much more fruitful of demonstrating that evolution exists.

I guess probably a better question would be:

In the sum total of all our evidence for evolution, how does the fossil record fit?

Forgive me if I am repeating myself; I am just thinking out loud right now.

That is the right way of thinking, the historical record is biased towards events that demonstrate preservation.

So we should never ask something like "Does the fossil record contain proof of the speciation and divergence of spieces through a continuous segment of time?"

The question is best phrased "What theory does the fossil record support, which theory makes predictions best supported by the fossil record. Remeber what we know about Quintas (Julius Ceaser) is limited to some very scetchy sources at best and the fabrication of many sources.

We don't have a continous record for Quintas, but he is a histotrical figure.
 
{snip} I got jumped all over for it, too. I'll accept the various apologies from everyone via PM, since there's no reason to clutter this thread further.
Can you say "irony"? Sure you can. In another thread you called me a liar out of your ignorance. I supported my statements. Although you wrote more, you never apologized after I proved my point. Someone chimed-in that "it takes three years to make a doctor; but three generations to make a gentleman." It sounds spot-on.
 
My underlining.

We know that the record is discontinuous --- not every animal is fossilised.

And the theory of evolution does not say that every animal should be fossilised. It does say that some of those that are fossilised should be intermediate forms, and they are.

There is nothing to "reconcile" here: there is no contradiction between a process being continuous and the record of it being discontinuous.

In the same way, film footage of, say, World War II, is discontinuous, at the rate of 50 frames a second. There is no puzzle as to how to "reconcile" that with the fact that events during World War II took place continuously rather than in discrete frames with 1/50th of a second between them.

Very well said. It makes it essentially impossible for the OP to no longer understand.

Linda
 
I'm not sure what your problem with Miller is, but his "debunking" claim was only to counter Behe's claim that the flagellum system is irreducibly complex. Since Behe defines irreducibly complex to mean that no part of the system works without all the other parts in place, his claim is debunked. That subsystem provides a different function for the cell when not in the presence of the other parts that comprise the flagellum. No big claim there, only a direct rebuttal of Behe's prior claim.

I think you need to be more careful with your language. Evolutionary theory is not correct because of a priori evidence. That very term "a priori evidence" is a self-contradiction, anyway, since evidence (what we see around us) does not enter the a priori "realm". .
You misunderstood. My use of a priori was with specific regard to the knowledge that humans write stuff - not with regard to evolution.
...
So, for the book analogy, I have evidence of written works. I form a theory based on my experience of those written works. My theory says that humans write stuff. I look at other written works. Dang, it looks like humans wrote those too. So far nothing I have encountered contradicts my "humans write stuff" theory, so I keep it. I conclude that whatever I see written is produced by humans. If I find something that cannot possibly be explained by human intervention, then I discard, expand, or someway alter the native theory to take the new information into account. In other words, the theory explains the mechanism by which the evidence came to be. If it doesn't do its job, then it goes.

Instead of "humans write stuff", to me it is more general to say "minds write stuff" or "minds create stuff". Now, I don't claim to know what a "mind" is, and science is not able to define it. But I have evidence "from the inside" that minds exist and cosciousness exists. My inside evidence is as good, no... better, than any external world experiment can reveal. So I know "creation of stuff" exists, at least, in the "mind" .... whatever that is.

So "mind" does the job. You said if "it" doesn't do the job, then it goes. "Mind" does the job. We have zero evidence that anything else, ANYTHING else, can do it. That the zombie super-complex interconnections of natural selection is more complex than 10^10 neurons biases me to think that natural selection should be smarter than we are and so maybe it CAN create. But I choose to believe that we are missing a huge amount of understanding of "mind" and that mind is not mechanism and is more than a mere 10^10 neurons. We don't know - so I am at liberty of speculating. It is baloney to say science says otherwise, because science is at this moment incapable of registering in on this question.

This paradigm of faith in Artificial Intelligence/Mind-is-mechanism and faith in Natural-Selection-can-create seem to go together. I will wager a donut that most people fall into the (0,0) or (1,1) camp and very few believe one without the other (0,1) or (1,0) camp. I noticed that about myself: as I started to dissent against AI, I started to doubt the power of natural selection as well.
 
But I'm such a tease.

http://sciam.com/article.cfm?chanID=sa004&articleID=9952573C-E7F2-99DF-32F2928046329479

So how does your theory incorporate the observed phenomena?

Tease? That's all? You're breaking my heart!

About your link to the repeated UreyMiller... I'll have to come back and visit that. But did you notice the reference to delivery of biotic components via comets? You always gave me a hard time about that... so have you reconsidered?

How does my theory incorporate observed phenomena? You refering to the nylonase?
 
It is good to question. there are no stupid questions, only stupid answers.

It wasn't really a good question. It was similar to asking "How far to the end of the earth...?" It was a question used to make a statement that there is "discontinuity" in the fossil record. It reminds me of a common creationist tactic asking "how does information get added to the genome"-- that doesn't really mean anything. Are they talking about adding DNA?, Genes, Function, promoter regions? It's not like more is necessarily better. It's a question asked so that when one attempts to explain, the listener will say--"see, even science can't answer this question."--"scientists can't answer this question; therefore I can assert whatever I want instead."

Notice the statements and information and questions the OP ignored. Why would anyone actually curious about what is and isn't in the fossil record ignore that information and then claim he was ABSOLUTELY certain no-one answered his question. Why, despite repeated asking, did he never clarify with examples--except for his original candle example. Why did he seemingly ignore the many examples given regarding his poorly worded first question. Why did he repeatedly assert things that no one said--he boiled things down to "pat answers", "the fossil record isn't evidence", and "no one answered him". That's what he picked up out of all these pages. That's it. And he's done the same on other threads now while, admonishing them just as he's done here.

He's twisted careful explanations into sound bites that support what he believes.

Here's why it is a bad question. A fossil record is a clue to morphology--but it was carefully explained that a single point mutation can cause a very large morphological change, and huge DNA changes can leave the morphology as seen by fossils--totally in tact. Plus, with fossils, we have to take what we can find--no intelligent designer left us any clues of where to look. We've had to amass the data ourselves...and invent radiometric dating. So what was he really asking? He never clarified. What discontinuity was he referring too--He had great examples--so many...and he didn't rephrase his question with the new knowledge--he dismissed all answers because they weren't what he wanted to hear.

Creationists do this kind of crap all the time. And then they pretend that science is a good ol' boys club that doesn't want to listen to what they have to offer (nothing so far.) Anyone who was actually interested in the topic--would be tripping on all the cool information coming out, and presumably, marveling in the links provided, like I was--because it's really heady stuff. He didn't even seem to know about it. He's blind to both his ignorance and his arrogance.

He got stuck on his one question (every creationist has their lynchpin conundrum that makes evolution untrue for them--and then they insert their god--even Francis Collins who doesn't doubt evolution--for him it is (was) abiogenesis.) And when their lynchpin is explained--they just can't hear the answer. Like Kleinman and EV and Hewitt and oscillating data and Behe and irreducible complexity. No answer is the right answer, because to them it's important to say, "science can't explain this." What they really mean is, "I can't understand it, therefore, my alternate hypothesis could still be the truth."

The OP went to the Kleinman thread to ask about EV the old "point mutation" model. Why would someone wallow in this model when, now that we see DNA; we see that point mutation is but a small part in the evolution of genomes. Why that and not show the slightest interest in the myriad of information on that thread as well as links upon links upon links. When you answer a question for a creationist, they just don't hear the answer--they don't address the link or argument or explanation--they just completely ignore it. As if, NOTHING was offered. See the Behe Dover transcript if you want to see the denial in full fledged egotistical display.

I am always curious in creationist logic, but they ignore the questions. For example, they would agree, I'm sure, that all humans have a common ancestor--and Scientists put that ancestor back less than 100,000 years ago.
They may not agree on the age, of course, but because of the exponential number of grandparents we accumulate as we go back through time, they would understand that you wouldn't need to go very many generations back before you had more ancestors than people that ever existed. Hence, all humans, have a common ancestor. But here is what is really cool (to me)--behind that ancestor, every single one of our ancestors are the exact same--and when you meet up with the common ancestor of your pets--behind that line, all the ancestors are the same. So there is a direct line back through time for humans--but we are just a spring in the family tree as ancestors of all the other twigs and branches come together in the backward march through time. And we can SEE this in the DNA. And so of all the myriad of steps toward our evolution--each step forward only had to happen once amongst all the replication going on all around through the eons.
One step forward--the same step forward for all of us--all through time--with various branches moving out and making more branches and dying out and growing in complexity--lit all evolved just like our brains and the internet and cities and human knowledge and language.

How can someone not marvel at that?--Marvel at how obvious and simple and elegant and profound and true that all is? And WE humans figured it out--and the evidence keeps piling in and giving us more details and clues.

And how can one not appreciate how cool it is to be on this website and learn from such knowledgeable friendly people from all over the world eager to share a little bit of the discovery no matter what area of science or what area of the world you might be interested in? How cool is it it see a piece of the puzzle fall into place and understand the world in a way that humans in past eons could not understand it. Like Neil Tyson or Carl Sagan, and Caroline Porco (all astronomers), I feel amazing awe to know this...to understand it...to be able to communicate it--to find out more or fill in gaps from brilliant, honest, people on this forum. There are no divine truths or high priests in science--there's just information that is available to anyone who looks for it.
And it's true whether someone believes it or not. You can prove it to yourself or doubt it or use it or add to it or revel in it or reject it or deny it. Just like the earth was spherical and tilted on it's access long before humans existed and figured things out.

So often skeptics are called arrogant--so often I've watched people spend careful and detailed time crafting careful explanatory answers or indulging some mentally ill guy's math problem only to be insulted repeatedly for not giving the right answers, or being "arrogant", or being "pat", or part of the "system". These people indulge in the gifts brought by scientists--longer lives, ready answers, forensic testing, computers, airplanes --the internet--while disparaging scientists and skeptics and praising themselves, invisible gods, charlatans, and those who give them nothing but delusions.

Just as Randi is demonized by the woos because he brings them the message that they are fooling themselves (rather than taking advantage of their naivte as he could readily do), those of us in the life science have gotten to learn some very fascinating things and we are repeatedly insulted by those who pretend to seek this knowledge.

To me, this forum is a haven in a world where the majority have been lead to believe that faith is a good way to know things and that doubters deserve dismissal. Dr. A. defended the OP, and the OP repaid this "benefit of the doubt" from a very knowledgeable member by completely ignoring his explanation (and everyone else's) and then claiming that absolutely no one answered his question!!

And so there are bad questions--or at least misleading questions...questions that aren't really questions. And I admire the patience and seemingly endless goodwill of forum members that freely educate again and again despite such deception. It's nice to know that people are learning from the responses even if the OP did not.
 
What do you think a satisfactory answer would have been?
A satisfactory answer would be one that helps mijopaalmc understand how the fossil record supports the the theory of evolution. We've answered this question many times and in many helpful ways here. If mijopaalmc still doesn't understand (and is honestly trying to understand,) perhaps he/she should be seeking out other supplimentary resources.
 
You misunderstood. My use of a priori was with specific regard to the knowledge that humans write stuff - not with regard to evolution.

I didn't misunderstand. The thinking is precisely the same as should have been obvious from the examples. You are still misuing the term a priori for this situation. No one thinks a priori that humans write stuff -- we observe it, we theorize based on those observations that every time we see written material we will find that humans wrote it, and we test new written material against that theory. Nothing a priori about it.


Instead of "humans write stuff", to me it is more general to say "minds write stuff" or "minds create stuff". Now, I don't claim to know what a "mind" is, and science is not able to define it. But I have evidence "from the inside" that minds exist and cosciousness exists. My inside evidence is as good, no... better, than any external world experiment can reveal. So I know "creation of stuff" exists, at least, in the "mind" .... whatever that is.

Quibbles of no importance to the argument.

So "mind" does the job. You said if "it" doesn't do the job, then it goes. "Mind" does the job. We have zero evidence that anything else, ANYTHING else, can do it. That the zombie super-complex interconnections of natural selection is more complex than 10^10 neurons biases me to think that natural selection should be smarter than we are and so maybe it CAN create. But I choose to believe that we are missing a huge amount of understanding of "mind" and that mind is not mechanism and is more than a mere 10^10 neurons. We don't know - so I am at liberty of speculating. It is baloney to say science says otherwise, because science is at this moment incapable of registering in on this question.

This paradigm of faith in Artificial Intelligence/Mind-is-mechanism and faith in Natural-Selection-can-create seem to go together. I will wager a donut that most people fall into the (0,0) or (1,1) camp and very few believe one without the other (0,1) or (1,0) camp. I noticed that about myself: as I started to dissent against AI, I started to doubt the power of natural selection as well.

Go back and read what I wrote. "It" refers to theory, not mind. If a theory does not work to explain certain evidence then we modify it or eliminate it when we find a theory that has more explanatory power.
 
Upon further thought and deep consideration, I concede. I think someone somewhere, amid the intermittent personal attacks, did answer my question.

I did think about evolution more deeply and came to the conclusion that evolution itself (and no, despite what articulett says I am not and never was a creationist) occurs in discrete (which to means something diferent that what "discontinuous" would convey, two terms that I used a little more interchangeably than I should have) in so far as you can not have a fractional generation. I think my main problem is that I don't have an intuitve sense of what constitutes an acceptable time frame for evolutionary change to happen over. That is why I don't know what kind of processes in everday life with which to compare it when I use the day scaling analogy.

For instance, if set a room temperature kettle of water on the stove and turned around 1.92 seconds later to to see it boiling, I would question the knowledge I have about the specific heat of water (or probably more reasonably the wattage of my stove) and my wisdom in using such a device. However, if, in the same siutation, I turned around and 3 minute and 12 seconds later I saw that the water was boiling I would be slightly less perturbed. With evolution, on the other hand, I have no such reference frame for what to expect. I therefore went to the example of the day scaled world to see if evolutionary events would at least appear continuous in the sense that they would appear close enough together to trick the human eye, much like watching butter melt in a hot skillet. Needless to say, they did not. Thus, in abscence of an intuitive (whether innate or acquired) sense of acceptable evolutionary time frames, evolution appeared discoutinuous.

I must say that the reason I held off on responding to most of the posts here though was I felt that they where answering questions I hadn't asked. Some posters seemed to assume that I was denying evolution because of perception of a "gappy" fossil record and therefore countered with alternative evidence for evolution. Others seemed to assume that I was denying the existence of intermediate forms and countered me by demonstrating that they in fact existed. Still others seemed to assume that I was positing gradualism and countered with punctuated equilibrium. All these various arguments seemed to be extraneous to me because they focused on they fossils and not the "gaps" between them (I can hear articulett getting ready to pounce), which was again what was important to me. The "gaps" themselves just seemed too big to permit a representation of evolution as continuous. However, that in itself may have an artifact of the scaling system I was using which did not take into account what constitutes an acceptable time frame in which an evolutionary event of a given magnitude occurs.

In conclusion, I guess I would ask what materials I should consult to develop a deeper understanding of differing evolutionary time frames?
 
The order Foraminiferida are interesting, they fossilise very well.

Tony Arnold and Bill Parker compiled what may be the largest, most complete set of data on the evolutionary history of any group of organisms, marine or otherwise. The two scientists amassed something that their land-based colleagues only dreamed about: An intact fossil record with no missing links.

"It's all here--a virtually complete evolutionary record," says Arnold. "There are other good examples, but this is by far the best. We're seeing the whole picture of how this group of organisms has changed throughout most of its existence on Earth."

...

As he speaks, Arnold shows a series of microphotographs, depicting the evolutionary change wrought on a single foram species. "This is the same organism, as it existed through 500,000 years," he says. "We've got hundreds of examples like this, complete life and evolutionary histories for dozens of species.
*

foram_work.gif
 
In conclusion, I guess I would ask what materials I should consult to develop a deeper understanding of differing evolutionary time frames?

Try this thread: http://www.internationalskeptics.com/forums/showthread.php?t=78430

I still think you're thinking about time scales in a counter-productive way. (Again, think of spatial scales, and the utter meaninglessness of the fact that I can cover the state of Missouri with my thumb.)

The thread above has lots of info about speciation on a much quicker time scale than you might think.

My contribution concerned one mechanism of variation that has nothing to do with point mutations: polyploidy in plant speciation. In one generation you can literally get a new species (defined by the fact that backcrossing to the parent species results in infertile offspring).
 

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