cloudshipsrule
Graduate Poster
- Joined
- Apr 20, 2006
- Messages
- 1,170
This is a quote from your concrete core site:
"The design was a "tube in a tube" construction where the steel reinforced, cast concrete interior tube, was surrounded with a structural steel framework configured as another tube with the load bearing capacity bias towards the perimeter wall with the core acting to reduce deformation of the steel structure maximizing its load bearing capacity. All steel structures with the proportions of the WTC towers have inherent problems with flex and torsion. Distribution of gravity loads was; perimeter walls 50%, interior core columns 30% core 20%. "
No mention of concrete core here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collapse_of_the_World_Trade_Center
To meet the challenges of wind load, gravity load and related architectural stresses, the WTC's structural engineers took a then-unusual approach in its construction: instead of employing a traditional grid-like plan with beams evenly spaced throughout a floor, the WTCs columns were grouped in the building's core and perimeter. The core of each tower was a rectangular area 87 by 133 feet (27 by 41 meter) and consisted of steel box columns running from the bedrock to the tops of the tower. The columns tapered to the top, where they transitioned to lightweight H-beams, but the exact dimensions are unknown as the blueprints are under the jurisdiction of the Port Authority and are not public domain. Each tower had 240 steel perimeter columns (from 2.5 inches thick at the bottom tapering to .25 inch at the top [6.3 to 0.6 cm]) placed 14 inches (36 cm) around the perimeter. This signature feature of columns grouped in the core and perimeter allowed large tracts of uninterrupted floorspace, a significant marketing feature for the towers.
No mention of concrete here:
http://www.lewrockwell.com/reynolds/reynolds12.html
Photos do not allow us to peer far into the interior of the building; in fact the hole is black, with no flames visible. We know that the structural core and its steel was incredibly strong (claimed 600% redundancy) making it unlikely that the core was "severely" damaged at impact. There were 47 core columns connected to each other by steel beams within an overall rectangular core floor area of approximately 87 feet x 137 feet (26.5 m x 41.8 m). Each column had a rectangular cross section of approximately 36" x 14" at the base (90 cm x 36 cm) with steel 4" thick all around (100 mm), tapering to ¼" (6 mm) thickness at the top. Each floor was also extremely strong (p. 26), a grid of steel, contrary to claims of a lightweight "truss" system.
No mention of concrete here:
http://www.ce.berkeley.edu/~astaneh/1-Publications/Astaneh-9ASEC-WTC Paper 2003.pdf
The structure of the towers was a new system made of three main elements: (a) an exterior
steel tube with closely spaced column to carry gravity and lateral load, (b) interior steel core
columns and beams to carry gravity only and; (c) the light weight concrete on steel deck floors
supported on simply supported steel truss joists. Figure 3 shows a typical framing plan for the
upper floors. Figure 4 shows cross section of a typical upper floor. The World Trade Center was
constructed using 3-story pre-fabricated welded units. Figure 5 shows the units used for exterior
tube. The 3-story units were bolted to each other at the site using end plate connection shown
"The design was a "tube in a tube" construction where the steel reinforced, cast concrete interior tube, was surrounded with a structural steel framework configured as another tube with the load bearing capacity bias towards the perimeter wall with the core acting to reduce deformation of the steel structure maximizing its load bearing capacity. All steel structures with the proportions of the WTC towers have inherent problems with flex and torsion. Distribution of gravity loads was; perimeter walls 50%, interior core columns 30% core 20%. "
No mention of concrete core here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collapse_of_the_World_Trade_Center
To meet the challenges of wind load, gravity load and related architectural stresses, the WTC's structural engineers took a then-unusual approach in its construction: instead of employing a traditional grid-like plan with beams evenly spaced throughout a floor, the WTCs columns were grouped in the building's core and perimeter. The core of each tower was a rectangular area 87 by 133 feet (27 by 41 meter) and consisted of steel box columns running from the bedrock to the tops of the tower. The columns tapered to the top, where they transitioned to lightweight H-beams, but the exact dimensions are unknown as the blueprints are under the jurisdiction of the Port Authority and are not public domain. Each tower had 240 steel perimeter columns (from 2.5 inches thick at the bottom tapering to .25 inch at the top [6.3 to 0.6 cm]) placed 14 inches (36 cm) around the perimeter. This signature feature of columns grouped in the core and perimeter allowed large tracts of uninterrupted floorspace, a significant marketing feature for the towers.
No mention of concrete here:
http://www.lewrockwell.com/reynolds/reynolds12.html
Photos do not allow us to peer far into the interior of the building; in fact the hole is black, with no flames visible. We know that the structural core and its steel was incredibly strong (claimed 600% redundancy) making it unlikely that the core was "severely" damaged at impact. There were 47 core columns connected to each other by steel beams within an overall rectangular core floor area of approximately 87 feet x 137 feet (26.5 m x 41.8 m). Each column had a rectangular cross section of approximately 36" x 14" at the base (90 cm x 36 cm) with steel 4" thick all around (100 mm), tapering to ¼" (6 mm) thickness at the top. Each floor was also extremely strong (p. 26), a grid of steel, contrary to claims of a lightweight "truss" system.
No mention of concrete here:
http://www.ce.berkeley.edu/~astaneh/1-Publications/Astaneh-9ASEC-WTC Paper 2003.pdf
The structure of the towers was a new system made of three main elements: (a) an exterior
steel tube with closely spaced column to carry gravity and lateral load, (b) interior steel core
columns and beams to carry gravity only and; (c) the light weight concrete on steel deck floors
supported on simply supported steel truss joists. Figure 3 shows a typical framing plan for the
upper floors. Figure 4 shows cross section of a typical upper floor. The World Trade Center was
constructed using 3-story pre-fabricated welded units. Figure 5 shows the units used for exterior
tube. The 3-story units were bolted to each other at the site using end plate connection shown
