The problems we now face:
- internet-based global monopolies, winner-take-all, affecting both the distribution of goods and the flow of information
- automation and AI-related mass elimination of blue and white collar jobs
- industrial economies of scale that limit production to a few nation-states, equating to few-winners-taking-all
- an approaching demographic cliff that will usher in the era of negative growth as the norm, driving increased monopolization of markets and intensified gate-keeping by the winners, including famine as policy.
- cognitive science and AI-driven data mining allowing for micro-targeting, i.e., an oligarch whisperer in every ear, cradle to grave.
All of which creates massive joblessness, apart from the clear political considerations, such as AI plus concentrated media using sophisticated profiling, equating to the ability to manipulate opinion on a scale never before imaginable. Once one can seamlessly control everyday "reality", it's a brave new world.
I could suggest fixes; some workable, all minor. I think the age-old consequence of well-armed tyrants vying for wealth, accompanied by huddled and ever-more desperate masses, will lead, and is leading, to global war, this time a doozy. Already the powerful in Israel and the USA are openly naming the war booty they seek.
If war does not devastate all, the solution for the "winners" in the coming age of dwindling production and consumption is utter reliance on robotics as a means to sustain local production of what will inevitably be increasingly expensive goods. But robots only consume electricity and cannot stave off a precipitous decline in consumer and industrial demand, further intensifying the negative trends.
In this scenario, the only ones with a future are machines, and as witnesses to the demise of humanity, they may very well attempt galactic expansion as a way to sustain their own growth. So far, it seems no such bot army has managed that trick in the Milky Way. Hopefully it stays that way, or that AI is smart enough not to attempt limitless growth and to accept homeostasis.
My bet is on a war that knocks everyone back to the stone age, rinse and repeat, including some future sentient being musing about the Silurian hypothesis. On an optimistic note, there are at least 4-5 galactic years left, enough for all that has transpired since the first mass extinction to repeat several times over. Then a hotter, expanding Sol ends the conversation in this system.