The Secret Life of the American Musical: How Broadway Shows Are Built, Jack Viertel
Published in 2016, this is a history of the golden age of the Broadway Musical, which according to Viertel began on March 31, 1943, and ended on June 25, 1975. The first date marked the opening night of Oklahoma! and the second the opening night of A Chorus Line.
Viertel, the owner of five New York theaters at the time the book appeared, dissects the process of creating a Broadway musical by analyzing, scene by scene, the songs as they appear: the Overture, identifying the setting of the show, the “I Want” song in the first act, identifying a character’s needs or desires, followed by the conditional love song (“If I Loved You”), then the Noise song (production number), and so on, through each act.
Viertel uses examples from the era to illustrate. The Music Man’s “Put on Your Sunday Clothes” is a Noise. The Bushwhacking number may introduce a secondary couple, like Ado Annie and Will Parker in Oklahoma! (“I’m Jest a Gal Who Cain’t Say No”) or it may be a villain song (Judge Turpin in Sweeney Todd), or maybe we become aware that it’s a multiplot show, following the arcs of many characters, as in Avenue Q.
So it goes, act to act, with all the ritual songs in the ritual places, as elaborate as a Japanese tea ceremony. Viertel is not exactly resentful, but he is at least bemused, to consider the post-A Chorus Line musicals as somehow disorderly, not following the pattern, and not quite delivering the old thrills. I like musicals myself (our soprano daughter has been in several and in fact is directing one at this moment) and so spent a pleasant time with this slice of show-biz history.