Science versus the Death Penalty
I wonder, though, if Americans would be so predisposed to capital punishment if the question included the rate of "by-catch"--those innocent but are on death row nonetheless. Just how many innocent people have been executed is not known; courts generally don't consider such cases after execution, and overworked and underpaid defense attorneys turn their attention to the living.
But we can estimate. The error execution rate has to be at least 1 in 1,000--the "1,000" being Kenneth Boyd and the "1" being Ruben Cantu, whom the Houston Chronicle seems to prove died for a crime he did not commit. The Death Penalty Information Center lists another eight people as "executed but possibly innocent." That pushes it to about 1 in 100. Estimates for the number of people on death row who have been exonerated range from 25-30 from a prosecutor's estimates to 73 from a University of Michigan study. The maximum possible error rate, depending on very loose assumptions, then surges up to 1 in 30 to 1 in 12. These rates are undoubtedly too high, but they help to establish an upper bound.
So the poll question should be couched as: Would you be in favor of the death penalty if one innocent person were executed for every 10 guilty ones? How about 1 in 100? 1 in 1,000? Factor in the alternative to the death penalty--life with no chance of parole--and I'd bet that public support for capital punishment would dwindle. Science has shown that our death penalty system is deeply flawed. Now the U.S. public needs to see those flaws.