People here defending philosophy (and anyone else) should have a look at the link below, which is from the long running well known series Closer to Truth. It's a set of short interviews with 4 or 5 different scientists and philosophers, asking exactly this question of what use philosophy is to science today -
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=opkiJFUyeMs
That includes an interview with Scott Aaronson who was highlighted here earlier as an example of why philosophy is important to science. See what he says there.
This is what he says there..
“The world needs good philosophers, if for no other reason than to refute the bad philosophers. Right? It’s the same reason we need soldiers, we need lawyers. Even in the age of science, you know, philosophy does play a very important role in helping to clarify concepts. I go every year or two to meetings where I talk to professional philosophers and I find that they’re, you know, often they actually listen to you much more carefully than your fellow scientists do. They’re really good at spotting imprecision in language or unstated assumptions, things of that kind."
He then gives a joking critique that philosophy doesn’t advance but goes around in circles while then noting that when it does advance sometimes what were philosophical questions can be addressed with math or science. Then go back and get more questions to address, he gives some examples.
The interview with Colin Blakemore (neuroscientist and philosopher) is particularly interesting for a rather bad reason ... where at about 13min 10 sec. Blakemore says that philosophy is important or useful because it asks certain questions that people in some fields of science, such as medicine or biology, might not think of for themselves, or where they might not understand the importance of such questions ... and there the host then asks him “what sort of questions are those?”, and Blakemore lamely replies saying “questions like what it means to say that you have proven something” …. OK, well people here should be horrified by a remark like that coming from someone who is a well known professor of neuroscience & philosophy – he's actually saying that people in fields like medicine and biology might fail to understand that they are not actually providing literal proofs! Does he really think that scientists do not know what the word “proof” means, such that they would need philosophers (of all people) to explain it to them?! (“of all people”, because philosophy is a field overflowing with claims of “proofs”, which are of course not actually “proofs” at all, or certainly not as applied to any objects & events detected as part of reality).
Though what Blakemore is inadvertently highlighting there, is exactly what I have warned about all the way through this thread (and in many previous threads); namely that medicine is not by any means part of core fundamental science … ie, whereby in medicine, and in some parts of biology, many of the professors (and we are talking about real research scientists/professors here) may indeed not clearly understand either the power of science & what it has achieved, or understand the limits of science as those limits are now almost universally understood by physicists working in core fundamental physics. But having said that, people in Blakemore's fields of neuroscience, and in fact also in philosophy, are even further outside of core fundamental science and are imho ever less likely to properly appreciate and understand what core science has achieved, what it's power is, and what it's limits are (or may be).
The exchange at ~13 min went like this.
Colin Blakemore: ”Other philosophers are playing the game and see the potential for essentially creating a new form of philosophy and certainly adding to the richness of neuroscience by posing the kind of questions that perhaps people with a biological or medical background might not think of posing.
The host: “Hmm, what are some of those?”
Colin Blakemore: “Well, of course, consciousness and how it works is a very obvious one. The nature of knowledge. What it means to say that you’ve proven something by an experiment. Can we really prove ideas”.
I don't think anyone has been claiming that medicine and biology are "part of core fundamental science". However, much like one might not expect biologists and medical researchers to know "the power of science & what it has achieved" you'd also not expect them to know the philosophy of science and just that of knowledge in general, that Blakemore remarks to and you then castigate.
OK, well there are all sorts of things in that short YouTube film that I think those who are defending philosophy here, should take a good look at, listen to, & think, about.
Sure, one of them sorts of things is the interview with the polymath scientist Paul Davies. Asserting that he thinks a claim that philosophy has no place at the cutting edges of science is a bit unfair. Noting that most of the things that occupy scientists today were once philosophy. Like the nature of space and time, now part of relativity. The nature of matter, now particle physics. Further noting that there are such things now in philosophy that it is preparing the ground for the next generation of science to look at. Citing the mind/body problem, the nature of mind and it’s relation to matter. Later explaining how the philosophical approach to time changed his own views on the nature of time. Asserting how our perception of the flow of time often gets confused with the asymmetry or arrow of time. The former being an aspect of neuroscience in his opinion and not inherently one of physics, while the latter is a matter of physics.
My position is more-or-less what all of them have said, but closer I suppose to Steven Weinberg who IMHO is saying what the others were also saying, but just being a bit more honest & open about it, to say that philosophy today does not really appear to have anything left to contribute to what is now the very different, and let's be honest, the very much further advanced subject than “Philosophy” (capital and quotes because I'm talking about what is taught as “Philosophy” in university courses and has been said or claimed by all the famous named philosophers of the past … i.e. I'm not talking about what any of us might do in merely trying to think of as reasoned explanations for anything in the world of “reality” around us).
Actually what he says, in the part of his interview near the end is “It took a while to understand that science is different from philosophy that perhaps I should say philosophy is different than science. They both can proceed and perhaps both have legitimate functions, but they’re not the same. Now it may be that there is some deep philosophical truth, which in the future will turn out to be the key to advance in physics. But I haven’t seen it in my time and I’m skeptical.
Personally I found it generally well balanced but fundamentally uninformative.