In 1680, Colston became a member of the Royal African Company, which had held the monopoly in England on trading along the west coast of Africa in gold, silver, ivory and slaves from 1662.[5] Colston rose rapidly on to the board of the company and became deputy governor, the company's most senior executive position, from 1689 to 1690; his association with the company ended in 1692.[6]
This company had been set up by King Charles II and his brother the Duke of York (later King James II), who was the governor of the company, together with City of London merchants, and it had many notable investors, including John Locke (though he later changed his stance on the slave trade), the English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known as the "Father of Liberalism", and the diarist Samuel Pepys.[7][8]