We've been seeing this in the US for the last 18 years.
"Vote for me or the evil terrorists hiding behind every bush will kill you and your family."
That's so last-election. "Socialist" is the latest politico-economic demon, I think.
Pope130 makes a great point about American military chaplains having to be faith-fluid. I have heard many such stories. Those seem to be good stories of what I envision as religion in action. But he makes a better point about watching the financials. I'd like to expand that to advise paying attention to the whole dynamic between a religion's officiators and its congregants.
I'm reasonably sure Pope130 alluded to the giant mega-churches -- again, a particularly American vernacular. Here, the relationship between congregation and officiator (one part of the dynamic) includes keeping the officiators in a lifestyle that the congregants don't generally enjoy, or even approach. The so-called "prosperity gospel" doesn't seem to have any basis in historical Christian doctrines, but might be considered a perversion of the communal property doctrine. Here clearly there is a power dynamic that results in material wealth migrating almost exclusively in one direction. It's hard to separate it from brazen money-grubbing.
Another part of the dynamic I advise paying attention to is the effect of a religion on the separate personalities of its officiators and congregants, and how they differ. Again we look to mega-churches and officiators like Joel Osteen as egregious bad examples. Regardless of how much money Osteen makes and how much his congregants don't, part of the equation is Osteen's smug duplicity. I'm speaking of the storm Harvey incident. His response was that God wants people to be self-sufficient and trust in the almighty rather than flock to his giant church for shelter and get mud on the carpet. As a result, his followers come to think that the consequences of misfortune are their own fault, and that they shouldn't expect help. In other words, the power dynamic determines not only the flow of wealth, but the emotional and social dispositions of the followers.
There are other religions who respond to tragedies by mobilizing their resources to relieve suffering, without regard to whether the beneficiaries are believers. In these cases the clergy take off their robes and collars and swing the hammer right next to their congregants. This is the power dynamic I would love to see more of in all religions. The leaders of these religions have the power to motivate their congregations for good, to lead by example, and to evolve the moral character of their followers along with their own in ways that everyone can see and appreciate. That's true power used well.
What do we see when we apply these standards to spiritualists? Well, it doesn't matter so much whether they belong to an organized church or whether they are celebrity mediums like John Edwards. I mean, it does. But in the context of this thread, and of the mediums AmyW is likely to encounter, the more subtle aspects of the dynamic are important. I agree the vast majority of mediums are not likely to get rich, nor are necessarily motivated by money. So what's really going on?
As we said before, the medium interposes herself into one of the most sacred relationships, that between the living and their dearly departed dead. The justification is the well-meaning sentiment, "We want to help people feel good in the face of loss." I'm sure part of them believes that. But I'm sure part of them is at least a little bit unsure whether they're actually in contact with the dead. So having someone validate that will tend to dispel any doubts on the medium's side. She may tell herself that she starts out with cold-reading techniques, but by the end of the reading she's really communing with the spirits of the departed -- you know, it just takes a little bit of that fakery to seed the true process. So yeah, that feeling of dependence -- "The living depend on me to talk to their departed friends and relatives" -- is all part of what the medium gets out of it.
And if we go to the posts that have been repaired to a more appropriate thread and see where someone dredged up the publicity for an actual medium, we see the effluence of self-congratulatory nonsense. They may not have perfectly coiffed hair or sparkling teeth or giant churches, but the point of mediumship is clearly to set up the notion that by some criteria that's important to the medium, the medium believes himself to be a better person than the general rabble. They're more "in tune" with the Great Beyond, or they have "spiritual" gifts that are difficult or impossible for anyone else to manifest. Let's hit the nail on the head: they want to believe they have super powers. That's really all the payoff is, or needs to be.
If we turn to the other half of that imbalance, the followers looking to the medium to assuage grief are just going to have salt rubbed in the wound every time the medium pretends that the loved one is still exists somehow, somewhere in a form similar to mortality. This is not helpful grief management. Grief and loss can be very hard for some people to process, and it may take a long time for some. I highly doubt the process that mediums propose to employ results in long term mental strength and health. Sure I miss my father, but the companionship and wisdom I valued in that relationship has transitioned to more appropriate pursuits. The lesson to parents in that example is to parent so that your children don't have to throw themselves desperately on fortune-tellers to wonder whether you loved them and are proud of them.
This is why I don't really oppose the terms "grief vultures" or "grief parasites" to describe mediums who like to think they're helping people work through grief. They aren't. They're just feeding their own delusions by prolonging and amplifying the suffering of others.
Even where recent death is not involved, telling people they had long-dead, never-known siblings and so forth still has a profound effect on the way people live. Finding out that you were not the first but the second child changes the way you think about your parents, whether they're still alive or not. It undoes whatever heroic efforts the parents may have gone to in order to achieve a stable family. How families decide to move on from unpleasantness is really not any stranger's business.
Even in the seemingly most benign case of people simply seeking spiritual advice, the premise of where that advice comes from matters. A friend recently bought his first house, built in the 1970s, and is remodeling it. He comes to me for advice, knowing that I'm good with tools and with home repair and maintenance. Not all of my advice works for him. But because I'm honest about where it comes from, he's also consulting licensed carpenters and other people. Let's face it: we all seek advice from people and thus invite them to interpose between us and our problems in some way. But someone seeking advice from a person who claims to have super powers is probably not treating that advice properly. He's probably giving it far more weight than it deserves.
I know how to work on houses because my dad built the house I lived in growing up, and he showed me how to build houses by helping me finish out some of the rooms in it as I grew older. I went back to him for advice because, as I moved out on my own, I ran into situations I hadn't learned about. At a certain point, Dad said, "I don't know how to fix that either." In other words, I transitioned away from depending on his advice and toward needing to make my own way. We convey knowledge and we give advice in the hope that people will eventually become more self-sufficient. We want them to have the courage and confidence to face problems on their own, not labor perpetually under the delusion that someone else always knows better just because she pretends to commune with the Great Beyond.
If the behavior and attitude of the congregant is that of a host satisfying its parasite, then it doesn't reflect what I consider a healthy relationship.
We've pared away the differences between kinds of Christians, and now I think we need to pare away the differences between different people in these various pursuits. It's the people who are good or bad, or somewhere in between. Over in Religion and Spirituality we talk at length about the accused evils of the Roman Catholics. And I've railed plenty against the Mormons. But you have to find a way in your mind to see both the excesses and evils of an organization and the altruisms of some of the individuals in it. It's facile to say that a Catholic chaplain in a war zone behaves altruistically because he's a good Catholic, or in spite of how Catholicism oppresses some. It's more informative to look at actual people and consider all the factors dispassionately that make them who they are.