We claim:
1. A device for producing hydrogen and oxygen comprising: (a) a cathode assembly comprising a cathode electrode having a cathode tip and an electrode collar surrounding the cathode electrode forming a first flow passage and a second flow passage, the electrode collar having a first wall defining a first flow passage between the first wall and the cathode electrode configured to supply an inert gas at the cathode tip to form a high energy plasma field, and the second flow passage having a second wall and being formed between the first wall and second wall and configured to supply water and/or water vapor inside the high energy plasma field adjacent to the cathode tip, wherein the cathode tip extends beyond the end of the first and second walls; and (b) at least one anode assembly comprising an anode electrode.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the cathode electrode comprises a cylindrical body portion and a conical nose portion having a conductive tip.
3. The device of claim 2, wherein the cylindrical body portion and the conical nose portion are comprised of one of a high temperature ceramic or an insulated metal.
4. The device of claim 1, further comprising means for internally cooling the cathode electrode and the anode electrode using a liquid coolant.
5. The device of claim 4, wherein the coolant is a non-aqueous coolant.
6. The device of claim 1, further comprising a water vapor generator.
7. The device of claim 1 wherein a plurality of anode electrodes are arranged equidistantly from the cathode assembly.
8. The device of claim 1 wherein the electrode collars are comprised of one of copper, brass or a ceramic material.
9. The device of claim 1, wherein the distance between the cathode electrode tip and the anode electrode tip is about 0.5 inches at the time that power is supplied to the device, and the distance between the cathode electrode tip and the anode electrode tip is increased to about 1.0 inch after the electric arc is formed.
10. The device of claim 1, wherein the anode has an electrode collar surrounding the anode electrode and forming at least one flow passage.
11. The device of claim 3, wherein the conductive tip is comprised of tungsten.
12. The device of claim 1, wherein an electric arc defining a magnetic containment wall extends between the cathode assembly and the at least one anode assembly and forms a contraction zone adjacent to the cathode tip inside which the water and/or water vapor is pushed and wherein the high energy plasma field is contained within the magnetic containment wall.