Not unless the club allows non-members to play. Many (most?) golf clubs do allow this, providing, of course, that you pay the fee for playing that round and abide by the club's rules while you play. No golf club selling this service would expect you to also abide by all their rules when playing at other golf courses. Once again we see how totally inappropriate the golf club analogy is for the EU.
Actually, the analogy should be reverse.
A golf club (the EU) has a set of rules. you want to play there, you follow those.
Now if a different golf club you also play at has a totally different set of relaxed rules, you cannot expect that you can then play by those rules everywhere else.
So if, for instance, you want to export things to the EU, they will have to comply with EU standards, even if you buy them in the US that lacks said standards.
Of course, if you are part of a club you can try to change the rules, provided you get the other members to agree. If you just want to play without a fee on a case by case basis, you have no influence at all. And if you signed a two year contract, even if you leave you usually still have to pay for what you committed to.
And yes, that means that once the UK leaves the EU it will need to re-negotiate a lot of things. And while of course the UK will try to negotiate in its favour, the EU will do the same. And since it represents far more people, a stronger market and is less reliant on the UK than the other way around those negotiations will more often then not be in their favour.
The driving licenses are a good example. UK citizens not being able to drive in the EU is an annoyance, but not that much export comes from the EU that it will cripple parts of the economy. But the other way round it transpires that a LOT of food is transported to the UK and thus EU citizens not being able to drive there will most likely cause food problems.
Now you and other brexiteers may find it childish, but really, why would you expect the EU to keep giving Britain all sorts of perks for nothing in return?