The Man
Unbanned zombie poster
Being as the earth is a spheroid, it's rather simple. You put an aircraft like an E2-C Hawkeye in the air. It can see over the curvature of the Earth and target for you. The seeker head locks onto the radar return of the E2 instead of the radar on the vessel.
While I've not seen a reference to the Sea Sparrow being used in precisely that manor it does seem to be, at least plausibly, within the current variants capabilities.
The computerized guidance system also included a simple autopilot that allowed the missile to continue flying toward the last known target location even with the loss of a signal, allowing the launch platform to break lock for short periods while the missile was in flight. All of these modifications also improved performance against low-altitude sea-skimming targets as well.[4] The M model entered US operational service in 1983.[5]
and...
A final upgrade to the Sparrow was the AIM-7P, which replaced the M's guidance system with an improved model that allowed mid-course upgrades to be sent from the launching platform via new rear-mounted antennas.[4] For air-to-air use this allowed the missile to be "lofted" above the target and then be directed down towards it as it approached; this gives the missile greater range as it spends more time in thinner high-altitude air. This meant that the new version could also be directly guided against surface targets that would otherwise not show up well on radar (which is a function of relative speed), allowing the ship's more powerful search radars to provide guidance until the missile approached the target and the reflected signal grew stronger. This also gave the Sea Sparrow a very useful secondary anti-shipping role that allows it to attack smaller boats.
So rear mounted antenna guidance to a high waypoint and then terminal radar guidance from the 'painting' platform.
ETA: Sorry, forgot link.
http://military.wikia.com/wiki/RIM-7_Sea_Sparrow
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