Until the invention of long range artillery, combat troops were, by definition, front line combat troops. Wherever there was combat, that was the front line.
And these operated with no support personnel. There were no logistics teams, no other needs which were not supplied exclusively by the same people that were actually in combat?
The military has changed, and strength, speed, and endurance aren't the defining characteristics of a good soldier that they once were. The "front line" doesn't exist the way it once did. There can be a soldier directing weapons against the enemy from an air conditioned office half a world away.
There have always been places in any organization which deserves the name "army" for people who were not front line troops.
These changes have made it so that it is sensible to talk about whether women could conceivably be profitably employed in the military. Today's soldier doesn't have to be ready to engage in a bayonet charge after a 20 mile march. Because of that, we should be looking at whether the military should incorporate women in a wide variety of roles. Similarly with transgenders. The world has changed, and we should revisit assumptions.
Nevertheless, posts like yours make me worried about the push for change in the makeup of the military. It has the feel of saying that the only reason women were excluded in the past was some sort of discrimination against women, not reflecting their true capablilites.
No, that's not it. Really. Regardless of whatever woman may have once dressed as a man to join the Continental Army, or served as captain of an Irish pirate ship, or led barbarians against the Roman legions, realistically, women didn't belong in the military in those days. The fact that so many people question the wisdom of the ancients in having all male armies makes me wonder. Are they so blind to the differences between men and women that they will continue to overlook those very real differences that are still important in the modern world?
The only reason that there weren't more women in earlier armies, aside from social prejudices, was that the term "army" was often conveniently defined in such a way to exclude the support services which women were doing anyway.
And this was no accident. The idea that women might be in the army was that much of anathema.
You seem not to credit the strength of this social prohibition. Maybe it would help to recall that even in the enlightened western society of the U.S. people had trouble accepting that women should even be allowed to
vote until comparatively recently. My grandmother graduated from Boston University the year
before the 19th Amendment was ratified.
Maybe you should review the sort of logic which people like Phyllis Schlafly used to cut the legs out from under the ERA in the 1970s.
It has never been necessary for
everyone in an army (as I specified, any organization deserving of the name) to be in the tip-top physical peak of condition which you seem to be describing. Even many of the
men who
were serving as combat troops didn't always measure up to such standards.
But everyone didn't
need to be combat troops.