And you're dismissing the Quintessential Aspect of the Definition (Communication), and focusing on quibbling.
I am hardly dismissing the essential meaning of the word. I am looking at several of the definintions of the word - there is no "quintessential" aspect of the definition - there are several definitions all of which are equally valid.
Focussing on one definition to the exclusion of others without letting people know that that is your intent while expecting others to implicitly understand that is dishonest.
Yes:
INFORMation...it INFORMS.
There are many ways information can be conveyed. Some requiring preknowledge, such as reading a written word, others requiring the ability to observe phenomena, such as flags moving with no visible force acting on them to determine that there is wind.
Woe woe woe, there. So you don't know/can't discern
Information when you see it?
Then, pray tell, why are you even discussing the attributes
of it?
If there is information contained in your keyboard mashing please convey it then to the class.
I am discussing this because I wish to. It is also not a pre-requisite of discussion to know all aspects of an issue before starting a discussion. I can glean from your responses information concerning the author.
Incorrect. They 'Represent' Information (Semiotics); however, they are merely 'The Medium'. Photons do not have the message EMBEDDED 'Physically' in them.
In this case, the medium conveyed the message. In the same way that photons emitted by your computer screen are conveying this message to whomever reads it.
Correct.
Paul 'assigned' the message to the lights, the Information was 'conveyed' to The Patriots as a result of a Pre-Arranged AGREEMENT between A and B (Paul and The Patriots).
Different people can interpret the same information without being privy to the code though.

Really? For instance....?
We can start with - there are two lanterns in that church steeple. (this being a reference to my assertion that people can gather information from a phenomena without being privy to the code prior.)
So.... a Guess "SOMETHING", eh?
The World's most powerful computers stacked on top of each other working for 50 Billion Years with computations each second couldn't have 'cracked' this CODE, without CONTEXT!!!!
1 light = 5 Beers
2 lights = 3 Giraffes
1 light = Hangnail
2 lights = Chicken Tenders
...ad infinitum
But a drunken British sergeant may have deduced that something was up, investigated and determined that some terrorists were passing on a message.
Learning how to interpret the information we receive is how we develop our knowledge.
You seem to be under the impression that information or knowledge is an all or nothing deal - if you don't know exactly what the intended message is supposed to be, then you can gain nothing from it.