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the "the brain is a radio" analogy

Really all you are saying asydhouse, is that Consciousness does not really exist. Because it is a 'process' rather than a 'substance' which is precisely what one can expect from those who believe the observation that they are nothing more than a process.

So what? Existence is substance and Evolution is a process but without consciousness then there is nothing at all to verify that fact, which is amazing in itself that it requires something that is an 'illusion' in order to make sense of it and use of it and proclaim it as being 'real'...

Certainly I have not said consciousness is a substance and yes I have said in my own words that there is process involved.

Without consciousness the tree falling in the forest remains silent. Unacknowledged.

It may well be another name for 'soul' but like it or not, it is who you are, even that you would dress it up as something it might not even be.

Without consciousness, there would be no use for the universe. Funny that.

So whatever, you go right on ahead and enjoy your illusion of self as a 'process without substance.' It is your right to believe whatever you will.
 
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Really all you are saying asydhouse, is that Consciousness does not really exist. Because it is a 'process' rather than a 'substance' which is precisely what one can expect from those who believe the observation that they are nothing more than a process.

"Walking" is a process, but I wouldn't say it doesn't exist.
 
"Walking" is a process, but I wouldn't say it doesn't exist.

You wouldn't.

So now we have 'a process' saying that 'walking exists'

So what?

The process observed in relation to brain/consciousness interaction does not in itself mean that consciousness came from the brain. All it means for you is that it gives you something to believe in which you can argue the point from.

but...so what?
 
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What you observe is a process. if it wasn't then you wouldn't be able to observe it. Give me an example of something which is NOT a process.

Existence is substance and Evolution is a process but without consciousness then there is nothing at all to verify that fact, which is amazing in itself that it requires something that is an 'illusion' in order to make sense of it and use of it and proclaim it as being 'real'...
 
Really all you are saying asydhouse, is that Consciousness does not really exist. Because it is a 'process' rather than a 'substance' which is precisely what one can expect from those who believe the observation that they are nothing more than a process.

So what? Existence is substance and Evolution is a process but without consciousness then there is nothing at all to verify that fact, which is amazing in itself that it requires something that is an 'illusion' in order to make sense of it and use of it and proclaim it as being 'real'...

Certainly I have not said consciousness is a substance and yes I have said in my own words that there is process involved.

Without consciousness the tree falling in the forest remains silent. Unacknowledged.

It may well be another name for 'soul' but like it or not, it is who you are, even that you would dress it up as something it might not even be.

Without consciousness, there would be no use for the universe. Funny that.

So whatever, you go right on ahead and enjoy your illusion of self as a 'process without substance.' It is your right to believe whatever you will.



Depends what you mean by "exist". I certainly do exist, even if my sense of being the master of my existence is an illusion. I am perfectly comfortable with the rather subtle notion that the "I" is an emergent ephemerality which has the illusion that I am the point of my existence… get it?

The universe has evolved, from a sea of hydrogen through generations of stars and heavier elements and increasingly complex emergent stages involving chemistry etc until eventually all those unconscious processes enabled the integrative emergent phenomenon we call ourselves (but let's not forget the other animals). We depend on the universe. We are ephemeral processes, and when the process comes to an end, we cease to be.

You seem to deny that something generated by a process can really be said to exist… or are you really just putting those words in my mouth? Does a rainbow exist? All it is, is a process of refraction of light and perception, which lasts for seconds or minutes. It's an illusion… but to my mind it exists while it's happening, just as a hallucination exists as a phenomenon in a mind while it lasts. Just as a mind exists as a phenomenon in your head while it lasts.

I am perfectly at ease with this understanding.

I get the feeling that there is existential angst, perhaps fear of death, in those who are unable to accept that. Hence the circus of afterlife fantasies, and New Age quantum desperation, radio analogies and Uncle Tom Cobbley and all the popes and cardinals and shamans and sham gurus etc.

"Nothing more than a process"? Or, a marvellous, incredible phenomenon, emerging from the universe's unconscious operations, precious and once in eternity opportunity to BE?

All we are going to get. Make the most of it, and forget about fantasies that are simply wishful thinking with no basis or support in anything but idle dreaming?

Idle dreaming is great, by the way! I reckon everyone should do it some of the time! But basing your understanding of reality solely on daydream believing is less interesting than the genuine progressive discipline and practice of science as a means to short-circuit the faulty shenanigans of our evolved apparatus, these deluding, self-deluding brains we are beholden to and determined by.

Be well, and remember to have fun!

Good night. a Syd
 
Would you?

No I would not.


How is that relevant to what you said and what I answered?

How is it not?

To say that consciousness is a process doesn't mean it doesn't exist.

To say that consciousness is a process is to believe that it is created by the brain. The more honest thing to say is that what is being observed is a process, which of course is beside the point.
 
I get the feeling that there is existential angst, perhaps fear of death, in those who are unable to accept that. Hence the circus of afterlife fantasies, and New Age quantum desperation, radio analogies and Uncle Tom Cobbley and all the popes and cardinals and shamans and sham gurus etc.

I am glad that you consider the existence of consciousness to be a wonderful event in the continuing unfolding of the universe.

Your comment above is not relative to my argument since I am not making claims based on belief either way.

I will point out though that it could be argued just as easily that those who believe they will cease to be when their brains die are afraid of the thought of continued existence.

But whatever, it is besides the point and not really relevant to what i have been saying.

We are ephemeral processes, and when the process comes to an end, we cease to be.

^Statement of belief.

Due to your understanding of what you observe and how that relates to your sense of self, how can you believe anything different?

The thing I find the most humorous is how you deny you are coming from a position of belief.
 
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For a long time, the only kinds of processes whose workings could be understood were those that either quickly damped out to a uniform state (Wolfram type 1), such as a stone falling to the ground or a coal burning; repeated themselves cyclically (Wolfram type 2), such as the tide or a steam engine or walking; or produced chaotic or unpredictably "random" changes (Wolfram type 3), such as ocean waves or the weather. None of those processes seemed able to create any complex thing, types 1 and 2 because they do not generate novel complex patterns and type 3 because they cannot preserve the novel complex patterns they generate.

So, everything that was observed to create complex persistent things, like biological growth and development and human thought, was believed to be the result of some sort of magic rather than any possible physical process. That's why one of the greatest philosophical mysteries for millennia was how human thought, considered not a physical process, could cause our limbs to move, which clearly was a physical process. About the best explanation anyone could come up with is that our true selves are ghosts shaped like our bodies, and our bodies are magic puppets with special (unspecified) qualities that make it amenable to being pushed around by ghosts.

Those who still hold to that belief today still cannot answer the question of how the nonphysical affects the physical, except by vague analogy to things like antennas (the brain) picking up signals (the will to move ones arm). These signals are otherwise undetectable and their nature and makeup is not only completely unknown, it cannot ever be known. It cannot ever be known because even if such a signal were somehow discovered, it would either be a physical process itself (like, say, nerve conduction or radio waves) or it would not be (like, say, the will of a soul), leaving the question of how the physical and the nonphysical could possibly interact still unanswered and unanswerable.

Fortunately, we have a better answer, which is that all those phenomena that were far too amazing to possibly be the results of physical process, and thus had to be attributed to mysterious creative forces of the universe, are actually the results of physical processes. That eliminates the need for an impossible interface between the physical and the nonphysical.

Specifically, they are all Wolfram type 4 processes, which can both generate and preserve persistent complex patterns, a previously unrecognized type of behavior. These processes include biological evolution, certain iterative processes arising in pure mathematics, and the behavior of computing machines when programmed in certain ways.

The creative power of such processes was not recognized at first. For instance, well after the process of evolution was understood, some philosophers were claiming that there must be some mystical force ("élan vital") separate from evolution itself driving evolution toward more complex forms. (Kind of like the idea that there must be some mystical force separate from the brain that makes the brain conscious, come to think of it.) The idea that even very simple processes starting with very simple initial configurations could generate complex forms via type 4 behavior was not recognized until the current millennium.

All of those systems also have deep similarities in how they work internally. They are all composed of a large number of interconnected units with their own states, and in all cases the units integrate inputs to change their states in a manner exhibiting a threshold. The logic gates in a computer resolve two or more inputs into a single 1 or 0 output; they don't output .5 if one input is 1 and one is zero. An organism's genome, after very complex interaction with the environment and other organisms, either contributes to the genomes of offspring or it does not. In number theory, the threshold behavior is a bit more abstract, but it's present in manipulations that generate complex patterns. For example, various operations such as addition can combine multiple integers into a single result, but that result is either prime or not; no integer is sort of prime.

So, what do we find when we look into the brain? Is there a big crystal pyramid in there, suitable for collecting cosmic energy? Maybe some symbols in the ancient language of creation inscribed on the inside of our skulls, to make some magic work? Or perhaps matter doing something completely beyond our comprehension, as we might expect for something that interacts with a mystic source of consciousness that's also beyond our comprehension?

Of course not; instead, what we find is a large number of interconnected units—neurons interconnected via axons and dendrites—with their own states—firing rates—integrating inputs—excitatory and inhibitory synapses—to change their states in a manner exhibiting a threshold—firing or not firing moment by moment. Just what we need for a system capable of type 4 behavior and powerful computation.

It sure would be a heck of a coincidence if all that metabolically expensive and computationally powerful headware turned out to be for stuff that a much simpler system could handle, like keeping our hearts beating and our limbs coordinated and alerted to sensory signals of nearby danger, while the more complex stuff like thinking and experiencing is handled by magic. That's about as likely as finding that muscles are just decorative, and what really moves our limbs is our ghosts pushing on them.
 
You lost me at the word "magic"... only your beliefs would insist that you needed to even use the word, given how and where you do use it. People of ilk mind might be impressed with how you say things Myriad, but only those who have the same beliefs.


All the above post shows is how deeply embedded into your beliefs you really are and how compelled you are by the ego your smugness reveals.

That is a kind of *magic* in itself.
 
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It sure would be a heck of a coincidence if all that metabolically expensive and computationally powerful headware turned out to be for stuff that a much simpler system could handle, like keeping our hearts beating and our limbs coordinated and alerted to sensory signals of nearby danger, while the more complex stuff like thinking and experiencing is handled by magic. That's about as likely as finding that muscles are just decorative, and what really moves our limbs is our ghs pushing on them.

Very nicely put - and I am not disagreeing with this. However, what I and perhaps others are looking for is something like: Yes, given this physical behavior, consciousness is predicted. For example, ripple patterns in the bottom of a trout stream - very nice side effect . . . but given what we know about sand and moving water, patterns in sand are predictable.
IOW, given behavior(x,y,z), we can predict that matter will be aware of matter, matter will become aware of itself. We have no idea what behavior(x,y,z) is - we don't know how to predict consciousness.
Obviously the brain has something to do with consciousness . . . just like water has something to do with fish . . . we only find fish in water, and could conclude that fish emerge from water. Probe water with a specific fly and a certain kind of fish emerges, a different bait results in a different fish. Yet, fish don't really emerge from water.
Until we can claim that a certain set of behavior(s) predict consciousness, it's premature to claim that we know.
 
I used the term "magic" loosely, of course, to refer to physical things happening without physical cause. Feel free to substitute the term you'd prefer for that. Miracles? Exploits in the Matrix? The material manifestation of ineffable Divine Will? Vibrations from a higher plane? Sufficiently advanced technology? OT mastery over MEST? That voodoo that you do?
 
Obviously the brain has something to do with consciousness . . . just like water has something to do with fish . . . we only find fish in water, and could conclude that fish emerge from water.


We could conclude that, until we try removing the water and the fish is still there.

Find some consciousness and remove the functioning of the brain; what have you got?
 
Fortunately, we have a better answer, which is that all those phenomena that were far too amazing to possibly be the results of physical process, and thus had to be attributed to mysterious creative forces of the universe, are actually the results of physical processes. That eliminates the need for an impossible interface between the physical and the nonphysical.


Yeah right. You have a better answer for just as long as you can keep your collective heads stuck in the dirt.

First of all…define ‘physical’.

Second of all…an ‘impossible interface between the physical and the non-physical’ is exactly what we have. Check out QM. It is generally regarded as the most robust theory in science. It works for everything from fundamental theoretical science to innumerable practical applications. It also just happens to deny that there is a world independent of observation (as well as insisting that non-physical interaction is a fundamental reality)(…gotta wonder how non-physical and reality can somehow occur in the same sentence…but there they are). Quantum theory says ALL properties are a function of observation. Observation by what? …whatever it is that has the ability to ‘observe’. So far we define such a thing using the word ‘consciousness’.

There is, of course, a great deal of controversy and uncertainty about what all this means. Here is what Andrei Linde (theoretical physics, Stanford) had to say about it:

“Will it not turn out, with the further development of science, that the study of the universe and the study of consciousness will be inseparably linked, and that ultimate progress in the one will be impossible without progress in the other?”

…and Frank Wilczek (theorectical physics, MIT, Nobel laureate):

“The relevant literature [on the meaning of quantum theory] is famously contentious and obscure. I believe it will remain so until someone constructs, within the formalism of quantum mechanics, an ‘observer,’ that is, a model entity whose states correspond to a recognizable caricature of conscious awareness.”

(…”holy alternate paradigms Batman…”!!!!)

Thirdly…what you consistently fail to acknowledge are the very factors that govern how these processes (simple or otherwise) occur in the first place. We call them the laws of physics (QM being the most fundamental of these…and they are anything but simple). Whether or not they even exist is anyone’s guess…but something quite obviously ‘governs’ how these processes occur…cause they certainly occur according to some clearly defined patterns (I think it’s safe to say that there would be no Wolfram type 1,2,3 or 4 processes…let alone any capacity to adjudicate such things…were it not for the fact that the universe is somehow intelligible). Call it whatever you want…but don’t pretend it doesn’t exist cause it (or something) quite obviously does.

What your latest diatribe essentially boils down to is yet another grand case of special pleading.

Yea…look within thine formalizations and what have thee? Simple forms …in truth. But gaze further and what dost thou encounter. Truly…the simple forms combine unto themselves and in their righteousness beget that which is complex.

Here endeth the lesson.

Except that the righteousness of ‘simple forms’ is what we call QM. And QM is itself a function of God only knows what (…or as Feynman famously put it…’nobody understands QM!). And in this case…it actually does seem like something actually has to ‘know’ or else ‘what’ doesn’t happen. IOW…’knowing’ precedes ‘whating’.

How crazy is that? …I’d say just about crazy enough to describe whatever it is that all this actually is. But then again…I think more-crazy is probably going to happen, not less.

So, what do we find when we look into the brain? Is there a big crystal pyramid in there, suitable for collecting cosmic energy? Maybe some symbols in the ancient language of creation inscribed on the inside of our skulls, to make some magic work? Or perhaps matter doing something completely beyond our comprehension, as we might expect for something that interacts with a mystic source of consciousness that's also beyond our comprehension?


I am really wondering how long you are going to stubbornly pretend that you do not get it.

We don’t know what we find when we look into the brain (our ability to even 'look' is severely limited). That is the whole point. Sure, there is a great deal that is understood about this stuff…but what you do not seem to ever want to acknowledge are the basic facts of what is NOT understood…which can be usefully summarized as follows:

We start with what it is we are dealing with:

"The human brain is the most complex object in the known universe ... complexity makes simple models impractical and accurate models impossible to comprehend," Scott Huettel, Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University

How much do we know about the bio-chemistry of said most-complex-object?

“As a coauthor of a textbook in cell biology that is updated at 5-year intervals, I am painfully aware of the huge gap that remains in our understanding of even the simplest cells,” Bruce Alberts, biochemist, past president of the US national academy of science

…and…

“For many neurons, we don’t understand well the complement of ion channels within them, how they work together to produce electrical activity, how they change over development or injury. At the next level, we have even less knowledge about how these cells connect, or how they’re constantly reaching out, retracting or changing their strength. It’s ignorance all the way down.”

“For sure, what we have is a tiny, tiny fraction of what we need. Worse still, experimentally mapping out every molecule, cell and connection is completely unfeasible in terms of cost, technical requirements and motivation.”

Henry Markram, director of the Blue Brain Project

…and the usual:

"We have no idea how consciousness emerges from the physical activity of the brain.”

…from you know who.

Basically…your entire position is nothing more than an example of a typical reductionist materialist approach. What we don’t understand either is explained, can be explained, or will be explained using what we already know.

…but, as we can see from what-we-already-know…there are some universe sized wrenches in those gears.

We could conclude that, until we try removing the water and the fish is still there.

Find some consciousness and remove the functioning of the brain; what have you got?


…very simple. No one knows.

The degree to which you assume the facts is nothing short of inspiring! There is no such thing as ‘consciousness’. It has never been identified, quantified, or adjudicated in any way shape or form ever (ironically…the closest we have got is how it is implicated by QM). It is nothing more than a placeholder for something that seems to exist but which we have no explicit understanding of.

So…first of all, nobody has ever ‘found’ any consciousness. Second of all, since nobody has any way of adjudicating this thing, nobody has the capacity to determine what, if anything, remains when a functioning brain is removed.

OTOH…only the most incompetent of imbeciles could fail to identify either a fish or water. Thus, your extrapolation of Larry's fish analogy is as fundamentally flawed as your own car analogy was in the first place.
 
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No one knows.
Classic argument from ignorance. No one knows what dark matter is either, or why gravity is so weak. But you don't hear physicists suggesting that it could be due to gnomes pulling things together. Even though we don't know everything, we know that when the gaps in our knowledge are filled they will correlate with what we do know.

We do know how neurons work, and we do know that consciousness is a brain activity. We don't know exactly how it works yet, but we are pretty sure it won't turn out to be telepathic 'radios' or gnomes.

define ‘physical’.
Really? You don't know??? What's next, asking what the definition of 'is' is?

Second of all…an ‘impossible interface between the physical and the non-physical’ is exactly what we have. Check out QM.
QM, therefore the brain is a radio! Classic woo. :mad:
 
We could conclude that, until we try removing the water and the fish is still there.

Find some consciousness and remove the functioning of the brain; what have you got?

A necessary condition. No one is arguing the brain isn't a necessary condition for consciousness (just as an antenna is a necessary condition for receiving a radio broadcast). The question is: is the brain a necessary and sufficient condition for consciousness?

I would be a lot more comfortable with "yes" if we just had a working definition of consciousness, let alone an agreed upon theory about what it is and how the brain produces it.
 
Yeah right. You have a better answer for just as long as you can keep your collective heads stuck in the dirt.

Their answer is better in relation to keeping their beliefs alive. Between belief in the brain being the source of all individual consciousnesses and belief in consciousness being the user of the brain and not having a physical creator...there is a grey area where the sensible reside, free from such beliefs.

First of all…define ‘physical’.

Second of all…an ‘impossible interface between the physical and the non-physical’ is exactly what we have. Check out QM. It is generally regarded as the most robust theory in science. It works for everything from fundamental theoretical science to innumerable practical applications. It also just happens to deny that there is a world independent of observation (as well as insisting that non-physical interaction is a fundamental reality)(…gotta wonder how non-physical and reality can somehow occur in the same sentence…but there they are). Quantum theory says ALL properties are a function of observation. Observation by what? …whatever it is that has the ability to ‘observe’. So far we define such a thing using the word ‘consciousness’.

It seems to be besides the point for those who believe they are the product of brains that what observes the observable is itself only observable through its interaction with the observable.



There is, of course, a great deal of controversy and uncertainty about what all this means. Here is what Andrei Linde (theoretical physics, Stanford) had to say about it:

“Will it not turn out, with the further development of science, that the study of the universe and the study of consciousness will be inseparably linked, and that ultimate progress in the one will be impossible without progress in the other?”

That is an interesting observation. It is like saying 'understand the one and you understand the other' and that neither are really separate...one is easy to observe and the other is who you essentially are an individual aspect of...which is hard to understand because we generally have already been told who we are around about the same time as we are told how to think and having established such beliefs about ourselves anything contrary becomes some kind of enemy.

…and Frank Wilczek (theorectical physics, MIT, Nobel laureate):

“The relevant literature [on the meaning of quantum theory] is famously contentious and obscure. I believe it will remain so until someone constructs, within the formalism of quantum mechanics, an ‘observer,’ that is, a model entity whose states correspond to a recognizable caricature of conscious awareness.”

(…”holy alternate paradigms Batman…”!!!!)

The beauty of being 'the observer' is that you are able to reach the conclusion and thus understand that when it comes to consciousness, whatever form it takes on - everything is subjective to the observer.

Or is that really an ugly thing?

That of course is entirely up to how the observer chooses to interpret the subjective experience of self.

Thirdly…what you consistently fail to acknowledge are the very factors that govern how these processes (simple or otherwise) occur in the first place. We call them the laws of physics (QM being the most fundamental of these…and they are anything but simple). Whether or not they even exist is anyone’s guess…but something quite obviously ‘governs’ how these processes occur…cause they certainly occur according to some clearly defined patterns (I think it’s safe to say that there would be no Wolfram type 1,2,3 or 4 processes…let alone any capacity to adjudicate such things…were it not for the fact that the universe is somehow intelligible). Call it whatever you want…but don’t pretend it doesn’t exist cause it (or something) quite obviously does.

ah oh...*magic*

What your latest diatribe essentially boils down to is yet another grand case of special pleading.

But pandering to a fan base is fun is it not? In religious circles these are know as 'priests' - they are able to say things - to put in words how others like them - who have the same beliefs, would like to be able to express themselves...but can't.

Yea…look within thine formalizations and what have thee? Simple forms …in truth. But gaze further and what dost thou encounter. Truly…the simple forms combine unto themselves and in their righteousness beget that which is complex.

Here endeth the lesson.

Except that the righteousness of ‘simple forms’ is what we call QM. And QM is itself a function of God only knows what (…or as Feynman famously put it…’nobody understands QM!). And in this case…it actually does seem like something actually has to ‘know’ or else ‘what’ doesn’t happen. IOW…’knowing’ precedes ‘whating’.

How crazy is that? …I’d say just about crazy enough to describe whatever it is that all this actually is. But then again…I think more-crazy is probably going to happen, not less.

Sometimes the position of the heads allows the observer the inability to acknowledge the absurdity of the position it is within and with that distraction the observer can get about the business of 'living' and 'surviving' and all the justification that goes along with that.

Change that position and allow the observation to be the real thing and what is observed is...well - it is best left up to the individual to determine that. :)


I am really wondering how long you are going to stubbornly pretend that you do not get it.

Probably a life time.

We don’t know what we find when we look into the brain (our ability to even 'look' is severely limited). That is the whole point. Sure, there is a great deal that is understood about this stuff…but what you do not seem to ever want to acknowledge are the basic facts of what is NOT understood…which can be usefully summarized as follows:

We start with what it is we are dealing with:

"The human brain is the most complex object in the known universe ... complexity makes simple models impractical and accurate models impossible to comprehend," Scott Huettel, Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University

How much do we know about the bio-chemistry of said most-complex-object?

“As a coauthor of a textbook in cell biology that is updated at 5-year intervals, I am painfully aware of the huge gap that remains in our understanding of even the simplest cells,” Bruce Alberts, biochemist, past president of the US national academy of science

…and…

“For many neurons, we don’t understand well the complement of ion channels within them, how they work together to produce electrical activity, how they change over development or injury. At the next level, we have even less knowledge about how these cells connect, or how they’re constantly reaching out, retracting or changing their strength. It’s ignorance all the way down.”

“For sure, what we have is a tiny, tiny fraction of what we need. Worse still, experimentally mapping out every molecule, cell and connection is completely unfeasible in terms of cost, technical requirements and motivation.”

Henry Markram, director of the Blue Brain Project

…and the usual:

"We have no idea how consciousness emerges from the physical activity of the brain.”

…from you know who.

Basically…your entire position is nothing more than an example of a typical reductionist materialist approach. What we don’t understand either is explained, can be explained, or will be explained using what we already know.

…but, as we can see from what-we-already-know…there are some universe sized wrenches in those gears.




…very simple. No one knows.

But oh so many on both sides of the argument - they 'know'. Their precious beliefs give them no other choice but to 'know'...and some degree of factitious comfort as well.

The degree to which you assume the facts is nothing short of inspiring! There is no such thing as ‘consciousness’. It has never been identified, quantified, or adjudicated in any way shape or form ever (ironically…the closest we have got is how it is implicated by QM). It is nothing more than a placeholder for something that seems to exist but which we have no explicit understanding of.

It might not be a 'thing' but it does exist and for that matter its existence is what acknowledges all things and gets about determining the uses for all those things. Brains would be no things without consciousness. Sure - they could still 'exist' along with everything else in the universe...but without consciousness saying so, well...they might as well actually not exist.

So…first of all, nobody has ever ‘found’ any consciousness. Second of all, since nobody has any way of adjudicating this thing, nobody has the capacity to determine what, if anything, remains when a functioning brain is removed.

One does not find consciousness. One is consciousness. Why look for what already is?

OTOH…only the most incompetent of imbeciles could fail to identify either a fish or water. Thus, your extrapolation of Larry's fish analogy is as fundamentally flawed as your own car analogy was in the first place.

Analogies! *Chuckles* :)
 
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