maximara replied, without however, addressing my main point, i.e. whether or not this particular quote provides persuasive evidence that "Paul" wrote his epistles AFTER Mark's gospel. Instead he raised, what I consider, very interesting points (I tried and failed to find that list of authors, at the link provided....)
Then you didn't look very hard in
1869 Biblical notes and queries.
On page 19 begins Patristic Testimony to the Canon of the Scripture which lists each NT book of the bible and which lists the people that either referenced or quoted that book:
"Paul Second Epistle to the Thessalonians was written AD 53
Is is quoted or referred to by Clement AD 60-100; Ignatius 40-107; Polycarp 108-166; more clearly by Irenaeus, 100-190; Tertullian, 160-220; Clement of Alexandria, 150-220; Marcion, 140; Muratori, 180 & c."
Of course given the age of this I did cross check some of these which is how I was able to get more precise references of 'Justin Martyr's Dial. p. 336 D seems to reference Second Epistle to The Thessalonians and Irenseus refers to it in Adv. Hcer. 3, 7, 2'.
The 'traditional' dates for Mark, Matthew, Luke and John are currently c70, c80, c90, and c100 respectively though Luke could be as young as the 110s and John in the 140s.
As I have mentioned there is no reference to any of our Gospels (not even a sentence) by Church Fathers until the 130s (supposed references before that date are supposed quotes of an earlier Church Father such as is the case with Papias...NONE of his actual work survives) and yet as the sampling above shows we
do have references to Paul
before that date.
Searching around I found a reference to this:
Rodney Werline (1999). The Transformation of Pauline Arguments in Justin Martyr's Dialogue with Trypho.
Harvard Theological Review, 92, pp 79-93. doi:10.1017/S0017816000017867.
Here is what the abstract says:
"In his Dialogue with Trypho, Justin extensively quotes the Jewish scriptures and includes several citations of logia of Jesus. Furthermore, while explicit citations from Paul are peculiarly absent from the text, Justin, writing from Rome,
certainly knows Paul's writings in detail and uses them. Indeed, it seems that the Dialogue provides a perfect occasion for him to employ Paul because in it he addresses the relationship between Judaism and the church, a central topic in both Romans and Galatians. Besides the appearance of Pauline quotations, several of Justin's arguments directly rely on Paul's thinking. For example, Justin probably has Galatians 3 before him as he composes Dialogue 95–96.
Oskar Skarsaune's analysis of Justin's writing also indicates that Romans is one of Justin's preferred sources for quotations of the Jewish scriptures; that is,
he sometimes quotes the Jewish scriptures as they appear in Paul rather the LXX. He draws especially from the Jewish scriptures quoted in Romans 2–4 and 9–11 because the chapters examine the problem of Torah and the Jews' rejection of the gospel, also two important issues in the Dialogue."
So the claim Justin Martyr did not cite or know Paul is...not accurate.
Sadly as I have pointed out before our list of possible 1st century Christian works are the letters that became the seven epistles Paul, a supposed letter of Clement of Rome, and the writings of Ignatius. Not much to work with.