These questions have already been answered though the studies posted.
I disagree, but I could have missed something. Care to point me to it?
Okay.
Why is there no reason to believe this?
It would be an amazing coincidence if our sense of moral repugnance towards the use of pain to effect compliance lined up perfectly with efficacy. Many of the people here believe that just because something fits their definition of torture (and not only is it a subjective thing, but there is a broad spectrum of physical pain which fits under the rubric of torture, ranging from the mild to the extreme), that all of a sudden it magically is less effective than "rapport-building" methods of persuasion.
How does what you're saying here best explain what we have seen regarding torture then?
What have we seen? All we have our anecdotes relayed by people with agendas. I'm arguing based on extrapolation from everyday experience.
Irrelevant if it applies to morals and ethics which you seem to now be arguing.
Not irrelevant at all. A 50% chance of saving 1,000 innocent lives, or a 10% chance of saving 5,000, may be as good as a 100% of saving 500 innocent lives, depending upon your point of view. Some might even argue that it is better. There is no reason that <100% probabilities can't enter into a moral calculation.
I could be mistaken because of the length of this thread, but I don't recall Upchurch claiming that torture never works on anybody ever. If that's the case, then sure, one example would disprove the claim, as you have done.
He has claimed repeatedly and consistently that there is
always a more effective and moral method of extracting the same information. It is something of an article of faith with him. If I embed an assumption into a hypothetical that the suspect refuses to talk, and there is no time for rapport-building or whatnot, he simply wishes that assumption away.
However, I really think that the torture advocates really are vastly underestimating the stakes that those tortured (not including the 20% or so who literally have no information to give) have in not disclosing the information. We even train our soldiers to withstand pain and physical torture; why would they not also?
What stake do they have? One of the reasons that some of these guys don't talk is because they're more scared of what al Qaeda will do to them if they do. Maybe they believe in the cause, but sometimes it might not even be clear to them how much their information will detract from the cause. Sometimes it is the piece that helps put the puzzle together for the CIA, but the suspect doesn't realize that. As for the training they receive, I believe that first and foremost they receive counter-interrogation training that makes them resistant to "rapport-building" techniques or trickery. They're probably told just to keep their mouth shut no matter what. It's easy to train people to do that. Not so easy to train them to resist torture. As for the training our guys receive, I suspect that's more about helping them to survive in captivity psychologically intact rather than avoid divulging sensitive information. If I were making plans for the army, I would operate on the assumption that any POWs were forced to divulge everything they knew.