Re-edumacate me about Dinosaurs!

Big Les

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I've been reading some old threads on the subject here, and it's clear that we have some very knowledgeable amateur prehistoric reptile experts here. My own interest is long-standing but seriously lapsed - although keen from age 4 or thereabouts, my academic efforts all went into the anthropological fields and I lost track of new developments, stopped buying books etc. It's been ten years since I read a "proper", by which I still mean popular rather than academic, book on the subject. For instance, I was amazed to discover recently that velociraptor and deinonychus both had feathers!

Can anyone recommend some good websites and published books that would get me back up beyond "interested layman" level on the subject?
 
I can fill you in on most of the developments that are really important in a few sentences; and you'll find good search terms in them, which will probably help you out as much as good references.

The Cretaceous dinosaurs included at least one suborder, the Therapoda, many of which were feathered and warm-blooded, with hollow bones and wishbones. The whole family Velociraptor and Deinonychus came from is part of this suborder, and that's where the birds evolved from, if we've got the cladistics right. There's a Megaraptor out there for you to discover. T. Rex has some competition; it's called Spinosaurus, and it was actually bigger than the "king of the tyrant lizards."

A lot of the fossil evidence was found in China, since things started to open up over there. Initially the woos went nutz, and we had speculations that all of the dinosaurs were feathered and warm-blooded; this is obvious dreck. But for sure some of them were. And they were the gnarliest ones; they think these things hunted in packs, and could take down just about anything they met. Their big weapon is a disembowelling claw on each hind foot that sticks out above the toes. Velociraptor itself is considerably smaller than the monsters in Jurassic Park (which, since it had Velociraptor in it really should have been called "Cretaceous Park," among numerous other egregious technical faults), about the size of a turkey.

Someone found a T. Rex thighbone with some intact flesh inside (after a hundred million years or so!) and they're sequencing the DNA, or have recently finished. I haven't seen the results yet. I'll go googling one time when I'm bored.

The therapods are the main most interesting part, because of the connection to the birds. There are folks who state unequivocally that birds are therapods, the last living dinosaurs. The DNA sequencing I mentioned above could throw some light on this subject.

The Chixulub crater, which is half on land in the North of the Yucatan peninsula and half in the Caribbean, is the most likely cause of the extinction of the dinosaurs. This crater was discovered because the entire area is covered with shatter quartz and tektites, and is the site of a huge magnetic anomaly. Geophysicists believe that it was created by a 10km asteroid impact, about 65 MYA. It's 200km wide, making it one of the largest positively identified impact features on Earth. The sky rained fire on the day it came down, and everything bigger than a rabbit died. They've found a layer of iridium-contaminated rock that dates just about then just about everywhere on Earth they've looked, and there are some folks who have found extensive evidence of a layer of charcoal, though that evidence is sketchier. They're still waiting for the older generation of paleontologists to die off before the consensus solidifies in favor of this. This was probably either just a wild idea or not even conceived of when you were looking at things.

Happy birthday. Enjoy. Hopefully someone who's been reading literature or who surfs looking for this stuff will give you some more to chew on.
 
Ah yes, good ol' Jack Horner. He's still at it then. Thanks both - Schneibster, that was a great post, thankyou. I knew of Spinosaurus mostly thanks to the very silly JP3 movie, and had a notion that I already had heard of it even then (2001), but I wasn't paying too much attention by that point (which I rather regret).

What did you think of the BBC Walking With Dinosaurs? I remember it being rather kiddy-orientated and unconvincing. I'd be prepared to give it another go but stupidly sold my VHS boxset of it about a year ago.
 
Someone found a T. Rex thighbone with some intact flesh inside (after a hundred million years or so!) and they're sequencing the DNA, or have recently finished. I haven't seen the results yet. I'll go googling one time when I'm bored.

The therapods are the main most interesting part, because of the connection to the birds. There are folks who state unequivocally that birds are therapods, the last living dinosaurs. The DNA sequencing I mentioned above could throw some light on this subject.
I believe they published their findings back in April.

Actually, I think there have been problems with some of the reports on the subject. Lots of news stories claim that they're sequencing DNA; however, it looks like what they've actually been able to do is analyze some of the protein. Their findings suggest there were similarities between the T-rex and Chickens, Frogs and Newts. (She turned me into a t-rex... I got better...)

http://news.ncsu.edu/releases/2007/april/065.html

The Chixulub crater, which is half on land in the North of the Yucatan peninsula and half in the Caribbean, is the most likely cause of the extinction of the dinosaurs. This crater was discovered because the entire area is covered with shatter quartz and tektites, and is the site of a huge magnetic anomaly. Geophysicists believe that it was created by a 10km asteroid impact, about 65 MYA. It's 200km wide, making it one of the largest positively identified impact features on Earth. The sky rained fire on the day it came down, and everything bigger than a rabbit died.
Actually it may not have been so much due to size, but the habits of the creatures that allowed them to survive...

The comet/asteroid impact may have sent up debris into low earth orbit, which eventually came down over the whole planet (heating up all parts of the world as the debris entered the atmosphere and burned up on reentry). The animals that survived are the ones that had habits that would allow them to avoid the heat... mammals that burrowed underground, creatures like crocodiles that could immerse themselves in water, etc. Even the birds that survived might be traced back to a species that can nest underground. Note that this is different than what a lot of people initially believed. (Some initially thought that the asteroid would have caused a lot of smoke in the air leading to cooling and an ice age.)

I saw a lecture once where they pointed out the level of extinction was equivalent to eliminating all animals (including whole families, not just species) on earth, except for whatever survived in new Zealand.
 

Ah, the TAOE-TITM-TAATOE theory. ;) Superceded even in my own day, but still more insightful than the creationist version of events.

The T. rex soft tissue thing is truly amazing, and not because of my childish desire for a real "Jurassic Park". I never dreamed that it would survive like that.
 
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The notion that the dromaeosaurids (e.g. Velociraptor, Deinonychus, Utahraptor) had feathers seems to make them all the more creepy. The thought of a 30ft long carnivorous pheasant is actually kind of scary.
 
Ostriches are not to be messed with. Moas weren't exactly budgies either.
For that matter, a six foot budgie could give you one heckuva peck!
 
The Dinosaur Heresies is very good. I've also very much enjoyed Gregory Paul's Predatory Dinosaurs of the World (his illustrations are just beautiful) and Peter Dodson's The Horned Dinosaurs.
 
Ostriches are not to be messed with. Moas weren't exactly budgies either.
For that matter, a six foot budgie could give you one heckuva peck!


Don't forget the cassowary. From Wikipedia (usual grain of salt applies...):

They are capable of inflicting fatal injuries to an adult human. Usually, attacks are the result of provocation. Wounded or cornered birds are particularly dangerous. Cassowaries, deftly using their surroundings to conceal their movements, have been known to out-flank organized groups of human predators. Cassowaries are considered to be one of the most dangerous animals to keep in zoos, based on the frequency and severity of injuries incurred by zookeepers.
 
Brontosaurus never existed, though. It was just some Apatosaurus bones that were confused for a new species.

That's a shame. The brontosaurus was one of my favorite dinosaurs when I was a kid.

On a slightly related note, I saw recently (within the last couple weeks) how they've discovered some fossilized dinosaur skin (aka, texture!), and the possibility of fossilized internal organs.


And on a even more slightly related note, the movie "Jurassic Park" is 15 years old this month!
 
As if I didn't feel old enough today! >:( ;)

I was 14 when I forced my parents to take me to see that. Yeah yeah, I know I should have been sneaking in... what can I say, I was a geek.
 
The notion that the dromaeosaurids (e.g. Velociraptor, Deinonychus, Utahraptor) had feathers seems to make them all the more creepy. The thought of a 30ft long carnivorous pheasant is actually kind of scary.

Not sure about Deinonychus or Utahraptor, but Velociraptor was nowhere near that long, they grew to about 3 metres at the most
 
Wow, more great stuff. Thanks! I had a look around today at what my museum has by way of fossil reptiles. Sod all. Don't get me started on the extremely expensive T. rex cast they're buying to get in the punters...
 
I know, but I don't think I'd want one to charge me.
You wouldn't want to mess with a tom turkey out in the woods either, without a gun. Pretty much the same thing except the tail is long rather than wide, and it's got some pretty nasty claws that a turkey doesn't have, and teeth rather than a bill. Disposition is much the same, though.
 

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