Stoning (Execution by Stoning)
In the Old Testament, stoning is a method of capital punishment prescribed for specific offenses. These include serious crimes such as blasphemy, witchcraft, idolatry, adultery, and rebellion against parents.
Verses from the Old Testament:
Adultery: "If a man commits adultery with another man's wife—with the wife of his neighbor—both the adulterer and the adulteress are to be put to death." (Leviticus 20:10). Stoning as the related form of execution is specified in other verses. For example, if a man has sexual relations in a town with a virgin who is pledged to be married, both he and the woman are to be taken out and stoned (Deuteronomy 22:23-24).
Rebellious Children: "If someone has a stubborn and rebellious son who does not obey his father and mother and will not listen to them when they discipline him, his father and mother shall take hold of him and bring him to the elders at the gate of his town. They shall say to the elders, 'This son of ours is stubborn and rebellious. He will not obey us. He is a glutton and a drunkard.'" (Deuteronomy 21:18-21).[1][2]
Blasphemy: "Anyone who blasphemes the name of the LORD is to be put to death. The entire assembly must stone them. Whether foreigner or native-born, when they blaspheme the Name, they are to be put to death." (Leviticus 24:16).[1][2]
Witchcraft and Spiritism: "A man or a woman who is a medium or spiritist among you must be put to death. You are to stone them; their blood will be on their own heads." (Leviticus 20:27).[2][3]
Violating the Sabbath Day: In the book of Numbers, it is recounted that a man found gathering wood on the Sabbath day was stoned to death by the entire assembly (Numbers 15:32-36).
Stoning in the New Testament:
There are references to the practice of stoning in the New Testament. For example, in the Acts of the Apostles, it is described that Stephen was stoned to death on religious charges (Acts 7:58-60). In the Gospel of John, an incident is narrated where the Pharisees and scribes test Jesus, saying that a woman caught in adultery should be stoned according to the Law of Moses (John 8:3-7).
Headcovering
The subject of headcovering is addressed in the New Testament, particularly in Paul's first letter to the Corinthians. This passage states that women should cover their heads when praying or prophesying.
Verses from the New Testament:
1 Corinthians 11:4-10: "Every man who prays or prophesies with his head covered dishonors his head. But every woman who prays or prophesies with her head uncovered dishonors her head—it is the same as having her head shaved. For if a woman does not cover her head, she might as well have her hair cut off; but if it is a disgrace for a woman to have her hair cut off or her head shaved, then she should cover her head. A man ought not to cover his head, since he is the image and glory of God; but woman is the glory of man. For man did not come from woman, but woman from man; neither was man created for woman, but woman for man. It is for this reason that a woman ought to have a sign of authority on her head, because of the angels."
This passage has led to the emergence of the nun's habit (attire). Today, hadithist-sectarian Muslims have also adopted this practice, which is outside of Islam/the Quran.
Circumcision
Circumcision holds an important place in the Bible, especially in the Old Testament, as a sign of the covenant between God and Abraham and his descendants.
Verses from the Old Testament:
Genesis 17:10-14: "This is my covenant with you and your descendants after you, the covenant you are to keep: Every male among you shall be circumcised. This will be the sign of the covenant between me and you. For the generations to come, every male among you who is eight days old must be circumcised."
The punishment of stoning (recm) does not exist in Islam. In the Quran, the punishment for adultery has been stated as 100 lashes, without harming the skin:
Circumcision is also completely outside of Islam.
According to the Quran, humans are created physically perfect for the goals of this world of trial, and they cannot be surgically altered without reason:
Holy Quran
95:4 We have certainly created man in the best of forms.
64:3 He created the heavens and earth in truth; He formed you and made your shapes beautiful. And to Him is the [final] return.
Especially attempting to forcibly subject another person, meaning children, to surgery without their consent is entirely against religion.
Moreover, the Quran warns against attempting to alter creation without a reason such as an urgent health problem:
Holy Quran
4:118 Allah has cursed that Satan. He had said: "I will surely take an allotted share of Your servants."
4:119 "I will surely mislead them and will surely put vain desires into their hearts. I will surely command them, and they will slit the ears of cattle; and I will surely command them, and they will change the creation / what God has created." Whoever takes Satan as a patron instead of Allah has certainly incurred a manifest loss.
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Incidentally, expressions interpreted as both a symbolic and a physical holy stone appear in the Bible, not the Quran:
'The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone.' (Psalms 118:22)
They saw the God of Israel. Under his feet was something like a pavement made of sapphire stone, as clear as the sky itself." (Exodus 24:10)
And behold, a throne stood in heaven, and One sat on the throne. And He who sat there was like a jasper and a sardius stone in appearance; and there was a rainbow around the throne, in appearance like an emerald." (Revelation 4:2–3)
1 Peter 2:4–6
"As you come to him, the living Stone—rejected by humans but chosen by God and precious to him— you also, like living stones, are being built into a spiritual house...
For in Scripture it says:
‘See, I lay a stone in Zion, a chosen and precious cornerstone,
and the one who trusts in him will never be put to shame.’”