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Murder or Justifiable Homicide?

dtugg

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This case was probably the biggest news story in my home town in the past year. I don't know anybody involved so all the information that I have comes from the local newspaper.

In December 2009 a Lukata Way (31 years old) was shot three times and killed at a house in Sierra Vista, AZ. Robert Tillman (20 years old at the time) admits he shot the man, and was charged with eight crimes related to the incident including second degree murder. He was subsequently cleared of all charges by a jury of his peers.

From what I can tell by reading newspaper reports, this is what happened:

There was a house party which apparently included high school students as well as adults (19-20 year olds). At some point, most of the people including the high school students were asked to leave. A 16 year old boy alleges that Jeremy Campas (19 year old Marine) pointed a gun at him for some reason (Campas was charged with aggravated assault but later acquitted).

The 16 year old left and told Way, who was a family friend, what allegedly happened. Way apparently decided that it would be a good idea to go confront the people who had allegedly threatened his minor friend with a gun instead of call the police.

Around this time people who were still at the house were told that people were coming over with weapons. At this point, Tillman's younger brother went to his car to retrieve his handgun and gave it to Tillman.

Sometime after this Way knocked on the door. Campas answered with a knife in hand. Way shoved him against a wall and forced his way in. The homeowner fired a couple warning shots. Sometime after this (I could not tell from reading the news reports how long but I would guess not very), Tillman shot Way three times, once in the head and twice in the back. Campas was hit once (he suffered minor injuries), although the defense alleges this could have come from outside (I doubt it but I don't think it matters).

After the shooting, everybody exited from a window fearing that there would be more people coming with weapons. Tillman gave the gun back to his brother who hid it in some bushes. The police then came and interviewed everybody. Tillman admitted that he shot Way, and was not immediately arrested. That only came days later when he was arrested at his home in Glendale, AZ (200 miles away).

Something else that is interesting with this case: Tillman had killed somebody in self defense four years previously. He was not charged in that case although the SVPD apparently wanted him to be but the DA thought it was a clear case of self defense. It is not really relevant to whether Tillman was guilty or not of any crime relating to killing Way (I am sure the jury wasn't allowed to hear it) but it is interesting. How many people have killed someone in legitimate cases of self defense in America in two separate occasions before they turned 21? I wouldn't be surprised if that number was one. I also wouldn't be surprised if this was a factor in the decision to prosecute Tillman.

In any case, Tillman was acquitted by a jury of his peers. And it apparently only took them about an hour and a half to deliberate.

I admit that I do not have all the facts in the case, just what I read in the paper, but if it is true that Way had forced his way into the house and assaulted Campas (which is what the jury heard), I think Tillman was well with in his legal right to shoot Way and frankly the Sierra Vista Police Department and the Cochise County Attorney's office wasted a lot of money (and several months of Tillman's life - I don't think he made bail), unnecessarily.

These are the articles written in the Sierra Vista Herald about this case. Unfortunately, the some of them require paid membership to read.

Here is the relevant statute. From what I understand, it was not even contested by the state that Way had forced his way into the house and assaulted Campas. Thus, I am not even sure why the SVPD and the Cochise County Attorney's office pursued this case. People do seem sharply divided over the case though.

What are your thoughts? Do you think that the facts (at least as I have presented them) mean that Tillman was guilty of murder or some other crime? Not guilty of any crime? Or maybe that he would have been guilty of a crime (murder, manslaughter, whatever) if you were in charge of writing the statutes? (If that is the case please explain how the statute is flawed). I understand that you do not have all the information but please answer with what was given for the sake of discussion.
 
Sometime after this Way knocked on the door. Campas answered with a knife in hand. Way shoved him against a wall and forced his way in. The homeowner fired a couple warning shots. Sometime after this (I could not tell from reading the news reports how long but I would guess not very), Tillman shot Way three times, once in the head and twice in the back. Campas was hit once (he suffered minor injuries), although the defense alleges this could have come from outside (I doubt it but I don't think it matters).

The only stuff I would know is what I pick up from watching In Session. If I were to try and use the way I think the prosecution would lay out their case; I would say it's the two shots in the back that are questionable. Of course, I would need to know the sequence of shots fired and whether the head shot was on the front or the back of the head.
 
The only stuff I would know is what I pick up from watching In Session. If I were to try and use the way I think the prosecution would lay out their case; I would say it's the two shots in the back that are questionable. Of course, I would need to know the sequence of shots fired and whether the head shot was on the front or the back of the head.

Well, Way was shot in the back of the head. I am not sure if anybody knows whether the shots to the back came before or after. A good shot can pretty easily get three aimed shots off in a second so who knows.

In either case, it seems that the jury found Tillman not guilty on the basis that he used deadly force in order to defend a third party (Campas) so it doesn't matter that Way was shot in the back and the back of the head.
 
These types of incidents can be enormously difficult to sort out, what with large numbers of conflicting witnesses and a confused and active "scene".
However, the essential facts, that an armed individual forced his way into a private residence and was threatening one of the occupants with said weapon... That's pretty clear. If he'd have survived he would have been charged with a variety of felonies.

The occupant had every right to use deadly force. As to where the rounds hit the guy, people will make much of the fact that an individual was shot in the back, or perhaps one round was in the back.
However, people in combat twist, turn, duck, and dodge. Three rounds can easily be fired in under a second..

As in many cases like this, we can imagine that alcohol was involved. Couple this with notions of "manliness" and "honor" and available weapons.... You get a tragedy.
Had the aggrieved first party simply gone home and reported the incident to police, likely no harm would have been done.
 
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However, the essential facts, that an armed individual forced his way into a private residence and was threatening one of the occupants with said weapon... That's pretty clear. If he'd have survived he would have been charged with a variety of felonies.

Well, Way didn't have a weapon although he was much bigger than the person whom he assaulted at the door. Does this change your opinion?
 
This case was probably the biggest news story in my home town in the past year. I don't know anybody involved so all the information that I have comes from the local newspaper.

In December 2009 a Lukata Way (31 years old) was shot three times and killed at a house in Sierra Vista, AZ. Robert Tillman (20 years old at the time) admits he shot the man, and was charged with eight crimes related to the incident including second degree murder. He was subsequently cleared of all charges by a jury of his peers.

From what I can tell by reading newspaper reports, this is what happened:

There was a house party which apparently included high school students as well as adults (19-20 year olds). At some point, most of the people including the high school students were asked to leave. A 16 year old boy alleges that Jeremy Campas (19 year old Marine) pointed a gun at him for some reason (Campas was charged with aggravated assault but later acquitted).

The 16 year old left and told Way, who was a family friend, what allegedly happened. Way apparently decided that it would be a good idea to go confront the people who had allegedly threatened his minor friend with a gun instead of call the police.

Around this time people who were still at the house were told that people were coming over with weapons. At this point, Tillman's younger brother went to his car to retrieve his handgun and gave it to Tillman.

Sometime after this Way knocked on the door. Campas answered with a knife in hand. Way shoved him against a wall and forced his way in. The homeowner fired a couple warning shots. Sometime after this (I could not tell from reading the news reports how long but I would guess not very), Tillman shot Way three times, once in the head and twice in the back. Campas was hit once (he suffered minor injuries), although the defense alleges this could have come from outside (I doubt it but I don't think it matters).

After the shooting, everybody exited from a window fearing that there would be more people coming with weapons. Tillman gave the gun back to his brother who hid it in some bushes. The police then came and interviewed everybody. Tillman admitted that he shot Way, and was not immediately arrested. That only came days later when he was arrested at his home in Glendale, AZ (200 miles away).

Something else that is interesting with this case: Tillman had killed somebody in self defense four years previously. He was not charged in that case although the SVPD apparently wanted him to be but the DA thought it was a clear case of self defense. It is not really relevant to whether Tillman was guilty or not of any crime relating to killing Way (I am sure the jury wasn't allowed to hear it) but it is interesting. How many people have killed someone in legitimate cases of self defense in America in two separate occasions before they turned 21? I wouldn't be surprised if that number was one. I also wouldn't be surprised if this was a factor in the decision to prosecute Tillman.

In any case, Tillman was acquitted by a jury of his peers. And it apparently only took them about an hour and a half to deliberate.

I admit that I do not have all the facts in the case, just what I read in the paper, but if it is true that Way had forced his way into the house and assaulted Campas (which is what the jury heard), I think Tillman was well with in his legal right to shoot Way and frankly the Sierra Vista Police Department and the Cochise County Attorney's office wasted a lot of money (and several months of Tillman's life - I don't think he made bail), unnecessarily.

These are the articles written in the Sierra Vista Herald about this case. Unfortunately, the some of them require paid membership to read.

Here is the relevant statute. From what I understand, it was not even contested by the state that Way had forced his way into the house and assaulted Campas. Thus, I am not even sure why the SVPD and the Cochise County Attorney's office pursued this case. People do seem sharply divided over the case though.

What are your thoughts? Do you think that the facts (at least as I have presented them) mean that Tillman was guilty of murder or some other crime? Not guilty of any crime? Or maybe that he would have been guilty of a crime (murder, manslaughter, whatever) if you were in charge of writing the statutes? (If that is the case please explain how the statute is flawed). I understand that you do not have all the information but please answer with what was given for the sake of discussion.
Some people live on the cutting edge of society. They hang with people who at times are irrational. If I was at a party and the homeowner told me to leave I would leave without incident. If I felt insulted i would no longer have anything to do with the person who kicked me out. However and this is a big however there are some people who after being insulted or perceive that they have been insulted feel the need for revenge. Fights break out and weapons are drawn. Someone gets killed. This continues to happen and the same person is confronted with the same situation. Hence he kills more than one person in self defence.

He was probably legally innocent in both cases but he's responsible because he allows himself to be in the same situation multiple times.
 
I don't know much about the US law on this subject, but reading the statute, it appears that the key word here is "reasonably", in "if the person reasonably believes himself or another person to be in imminent peril of death or serious physical injury". Tillman most likely thought Campas or others were in danger, but whether this belief was "reasonable" is debatable. A key factor to whether he could reasonably believe that Way would try to kill Campas would also be if Way was armed - which he wasn't, but Tillman might have believed he was, given that he was told people were coming over "with weapons". Was that belief "reasonable"?

I don't really claim to have the answers to these questions, however, I would be wary of making a judgement in a situation where an armed party kills an unarmed one to protect a third armed party. Not because "armed" necessarily means "more dangerous", but because Way might very well have considered his own violence against Campas to be in self-defense. Given that he was forcing his way into the house, this might not seem to be the case, but we'll never hear his version of the story, and Campas did open the door with a knife.
 
Maybe the police and DA went to trial specifically to let a jury decide so the responsibility is off them. Nothing wrong with that. They had some doubts, decided there were two legitimate slants on this and so let a jury of the accused peers decide.

Also, the guy gets to understand that his "self defence" claim is going to be questioned closer and closer as these incidents go on.
 
Courts have ruled that using deadly force may well be justified in a self-defense situation if the opponent is much larger/stronger, has evidence of martial training, etc.
These things come down to the state of mind of the person being attacked. Usually along the lines of being "reasonably" in fear of your life or of serious injury.

For legal purposes, "deadly" force is force which carries a likelyhood of death or "serious injury", which is further defined in most state statutes. Generally includes broken bones, internal injuries.... Like that.
 
Shooting him in the back could be explained away if he were attacking the person against a wall or in a corner and that was the only target provided.

I guess those that were there would know how it happened.
 
If you go to someone's house to "confront" them and force your way into their house, at that point, all bets are off.
 
If you go to someone's house to "confront" them and force your way into their house, at that point, all bets are off.

Yup. Whole lot of stupid in that story. But the ultimate stupid was shoving his way inside long after any threat, real or imagined, was over.

Answering the door with a knife, not a good move. Having to shoot the guy to stop him, a bit questionable. Best move would have been not to answer the door at all. However, even in hindsight, the victim caused the situation.

Shooting him in the back could be explained away if he were attacking the person against a wall or in a corner and that was the only target provided.

Sounds like the shooter tagged a friendly as well. Obviously his shot placement wasn't particularly good. If he opened fire on a wrestling match in progress, for example, there's no telling who's going to get hit, or where. I don't see anything in these stories suggesting an "anchoring shot" or aggression on the part of the shooter -- rather it suggests a badly prepared and hysterical shooter in way over his head.

From the facts presented so far, I'd investigate if I was the police, but I wouldn't convict if I was on the jury. Lots of room for doubt.
 
This case was....

Something else that is interesting with this case: Tillman had killed somebody in self defense four years previously. He was not charged in that case although the SVPD apparently wanted him to be but the DA thought it was a clear case of self defense. It is not really relevant to whether Tillman was guilty or not of any crime relating to killing Way (I am sure the jury wasn't allowed to hear it) but it is interesting. How many people have killed someone in legitimate cases of self defense in America in two separate occasions before they turned 21? I wouldn't be surprised if that number was one. I also wouldn't be surprised if this was a factor in the decision to prosecute Tillman.
...

It is interesting. One person killing in self defense twice in 4 years. It could be that Tillman makes no effort to avoid dangerous situations. Or it could be that the Law of Large Numbers is in effect here. The FBI counted 191 justified homicides in the USA for 1998 and 245 in 2008. Those don't look like large numbers, but apparently they are counting only those cases that went to court. Tillman's case from 4 years ago wouldn't be counted.

Here, http://www.justfacts.com/guncontrol.asp#crime are the results of a survey that come out to 162,000 incidents per year in which a person uses a gun for protection, not necessarily killing the aggressor. The population of the USA is today 310,557,469. I don't know the math, perhaps others can do the calculations to see how often are 2 cases of self defense to be expected.

* A 1993 nationwide survey of 4,977 households found that over the previous five years, at least 0.5% of households had members who had used a gun for defense during a situation in which they thought someone "almost certainly would have been killed" if they "had not used a gun for protection." Applied to the U.S. population, this amounts to 162,000 such incidents per year. This figure excludes all "military service, police work, or work as a security guard."[12]
 
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