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Moon Landing Anniversary

Brown

Penultimate Amazing
Joined
Aug 3, 2001
Messages
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Thirty-five years ago, 20 July 1969, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin descended to the surface of the moon in a lunar module named Eagle.

The lunar module had overshot its target landing area, and Armstrong was looking for a place to set down. Only seconds remained before fuel would run low and Armstrong would have to abort. Aldrin provided the audible commentary, describing the lateral motion of Eagle and its descent.

When the extensions on the legs of the lunar module touched the surface, a small light in the module came on. "Contact light," Aldrin said (arguably the first words spoken from lunar surface). "Okay, engine stop," Armstrong replied, shutting off the engine and letting the lunar module hop onto the surface. The two men quickly went through the landing checklist. "We copy you down, Eagle," said Houston (per Charlie Duke), which recognized that the men were following post-landing procedures and knew that the lunar module had indeed landed safely.

Moments later, Armstrong confirmed the fact for the rest of the world: "Houston, Tranquility base here. The Eagle has landed."

"Roger, Tranquility, we copy you on the ground," said Houston, repeating that it was aware that Eagle was resting on the surface. Houston added that there were a bunch of guys in the room about to turn blue. "We're breathin' again, thanks a lot!"

For the rest of us, we had no clue about the drama. The events themselves were dramatic and undeniably historic, but many of us did not know how dramatic they were.

Shoot, I remember that day pretty well, even though I was a kid. My parents and I did not know that Armstrong had overshot his landing area or that he was low on fuel. We assumed that the folks in mission control would be holding their breath because of the excitement of the thing, not because Armstrong was cutting it close in the fuel department. We did not understand the significance of the alarms sounding in the lunar module (or why the decision was made to ignore them). Many of us assumed that "contact light" meant that there had been light contact with the surface, but not a landing. Many of us also assumed that "We copy you down, Eagle" meant that Houston was acknowledging that the lunar module was going down, not that it was actually down on the surface already.

But even without knowing the story, it was plenty darn thrilling.

Later that night, my family I watched as grainy black-and white pictures showed Armstrong's ghostly form descending the ladder. "ARMSTRONG ON MOON," said text on the television picture, and Walter Cronkite expressed awe that a man was standing on the surface of the moon. Actually, Armstrong was standing on the landing pad of the lunar module, not on the surface of the moon. Almost lost in Cronkite's commentary and our own excitement was Armstrong's announcement that he was going to "step off the foot of the LEM now."

"That's one small step for man," Armstrong said, and then he paused. "One giant leap... for mankind."

Edited to correct typo.
 
It is some of the first TV I can remember. Everyone - and I mean everyone - was watching.
 
Nice little writeup, that, Brown, thanks :)

I'm hoping that we're going to have a lot of stuff on television this year covering the whole event. It really was an amazing achievement, made all the more amazing by the fact that it's still far from routine thirty five years later.
 
I remember hearing the "contact light" comment and I'd assumed they had a probe at the bottom of the module that had, well, made contact with the surface. As for "seconds remaining," how many seconds were there? If it was one or two, that IS dramatic. If ten or more, well, less so.

But yes, thanks for the recap. I'll never forget that (I hope).
 
I mentioned "alarms sounding in the lunar module," which were ignored. These alarms were ignored not in the sense that no one paid attention to them, but were ignored in the sense that they did not constitute cause to abort the mission.

Gene Kranz, who was the flight director--the head honcho in the control room--during the Apollo 11 landing, had spent months preparing his team for the landing. Kranz and his team did countless simulations, with problem after problem being thrown at them by the fiendish fellas in charge of simulations.

The final simulation before the actual landing was expected to result in a successful simulated landing. But it didn't. During the final simulation, an alarm sounded, and the decision was made to abort. Kranz was disappointed that the final simulation did not result in a landing. He was doubly disappointed when he and his team were told that the alarm did not require that the landing be aborted!

Basically, the alarm was a warning that the landing module computer was being overloaded, but as long as the alarm was intermittent, the landing could proceed.

Kranz took some consolation in the fact that this was something of an off-the-wall simulation, and that it couldn't happen in real life.

And yet...

During the actual landing, there was an alarm. The alarm type indicated that the real landing module computer was being overloaded. But as long as the alarm was intermittent, the landing could proceed.

This time, the team knew what to do.

Kranz gave the order to go on that alarm, which meant that the landing was to proceed in spite of the alarm. He and his team made a mistake by aborting the landing during the simulation, but they weren't going to make the same mistake during the real deal. When the alarm sounded again, it was promptly identified as being of the same type, and again Kranz authorized the landing to proceed.

There was still the issue of fuel. Armstrong's fuel was running low, and the tension in the control room was running high. When the "Thirty seconds!" announcement was made, it seemed as though Armstrong was going to need every one of those seconds. In addition, aborting the landing carried many risks of its own. With seconds of fuel remaining, Kranz realized that Armstrong had committed. "They're going to make it!" he said to himself.

Immediately after the landing, Kranz and his team found themselves very emotional. The months of simulations were supposed to have conditioned that sort of response out of Kranz, but when the moment came, he found that his emotions were still there. Summoning strength, he reminded his team of their responsibilities and polled them for their "stay/no-stay" judgments. Those who thought that the astronauts should prepare for immedate liftoff were to say "No stay." All of the members of the team said "Stay."
 
Brown said:
With seconds of fuel remaining, Kranz realized that Armstrong had committed. "They're going to make it!" he said to himself.

I've heard estimates of 7 to 17 seconds of fuel remaining. That's fine if you're in a car and coasting downhill to the nearest gas station...
 
Someone has thawed out the original negatives taken by the astronauts on Apollo 11, digitally scanned them, and produced new prints in honour of the occasion. Veeeeeery pretty. They really do look good.

(actually, they don't appear to be available as prints (yet). But the whole archive is available on the web, which is nice :) )
 
It remains one of my earliest memories. "Quiet now, this is important..." and he hopped off the ladder. I am sad that after '72
we never went back.:(

-Globe
 
I remember. We were on holiday and there was no TV in the holiday flat (well, no TV at home either come to that) but the evening before we went into the landlady's flat and watched a load of stuff including some nostalgic "we'll never again be able to speculate that the moon might be made of green cheese, after tonight" stuff.

It all happened in the middle of the night while we were asleep, but at the crack of dawn I raced round to my cousin's house which was nearby and got her out of bed (she came to the door bleary-eyed in her dressing gown) and demanded that she put her TV on to see if they'd made it down. They had, and I sat on the floor and watched reruns, with my cousin's little boy playing around me. I remember wondering if he would realise what a historic moment it was.

Recently, I asked him. He's now six feet four and has two kids of his own. He said, no, not a thing. Then we worked it out. He said, "I was 18 months old, what the hell did you expect?"

Youth of today....

Rolfe.
 
Brown i think i know your source and to the rest of you i can reccomend it fully. Gene Krantz : "Failure is not an option" . It is amongst the 10 best books i have read.
Amazon

I too remember watching the grainy pictures on our old B&O "Capri" television it was VERY exiting and i've been fascinated by the story ever since. Another book i can recommend is "Apollo the Race to the Moon" by Charles Murray and Catherine Cox" AND the Tom Hanks series "From the Earth to the Moon" REALLY isn't that far off allthough they take some liberties.

Now get up there again you Yankees but this time do it properly ...:D
 
Ove said:
Brown i think i know your source and to the rest of you i can reccomend it fully. Gene Krantz : "Failure is not an option" . It is amongst the 10 best books i have read.
...
Another book i can recommend is "Apollo the Race to the Moon" by Charles Murray and Catherine Cox" AND the Tom Hanks series "From the Earth to the Moon" REALLY isn't that far off allthough they take some liberties.
You're right about Kranz's book. Yes, it was one of my sources.

I join you in recommending Kranz's book. The book has only one major distraction, and that is this: when Kranz tries to be poetic (which he does infrequently), he ends up sounding corny.

One of the highlights of Kranz's book was his secret pep talk. Before the lunar landing, Kranz gave his team a pep talk and no outsiders were allowed to hear it. That Kranz gave a speech was public knowledge. But the substance of his speech was not. As far as I know, the message Kranz delivered to his team had never previously been published.

Another good book is "A Man on the Moon," by Andrew Chaikin.

Chaikin's book is the book upon which "From the Earth to the Moon" was largely (but not entirely) based. Some liberties are taken (most notably in the Apollo 13 episode, in which a nationally famous--but fictional--network anchor has a professional meltdown, and in the final episode in which the Earth is depicted from the surface of the Moon as "rising" above the lunar horizon), but on the whole the miniseries is one of the best ever. I especially recommend the episodes concerning Apollo 8 (the amazing 1968 Christmas voyage to the Moon), Apollo 9 (the fascinating evolution of the lunar module), Apollo 12 (my favorite of them all, with Pete Conrad and Al Bean having fun on the Moon) and Apollo 14 (the unlikely triumph of Al Shepard).
 
Suezoled said:
Won't anyone think of the Lonely Astronaut??

Heidi Fleiss had considered building a brothel on the moon, but then the moon suddenly became un-tony with the NASA crowd.
 
Sorry I missed this thread on the first go-round...

This event has particular siginificance for me because the main mission of Apollo 11, the first step of a human on the moon, occurred on my 11th birthday. I remember having a headache from too much cake, but was determined to watch this event anyway.

On a previous anniversary, I watched the "as it happened", a "live" recording of Walter Cronkite's broadcast of the event. I was shocked and surprised to find out that my memory was not quite correct, mostly due to edited footage shown many times since.

You always see the shot of Armstrong hopping down from the ladder, then saying his famous phrase. Actually, he hopped down onto the landing pad, paused a moment, said "OK, I'm going to step off the LEM now", gently leaned over and placed his foot on the surface, and made his statement.
 
alfaniner said:
You always see the shot of Armstrong hopping down from the ladder, then saying his famous phrase. Actually, he hopped down onto the landing pad, paused a moment, said "OK, I'm going to step off the LEM now", gently leaned over and placed his foot on the surface, and made his statement.
I think it was even more elaborate than that. Armstrong hopped down the ladder, but the last step was a long one. He landed on the pad, and then ... hopped back up on the ladder again. His freedom of movement was severely restricted by his suit, and before he and Buzz left the lunar module, he wanted to make sure that they could hop back up onto the ladder without difficulty. They could.

Climbing that ladder in that bulky suit may have been tricky. During his descent, Aldrin assured everyone (probably including himself) that it was "a simple matter" to hop down from one step to the next. Considering the importance of the occasion, an astronaut tumbling onto the surface of the Moon simply wouldn't do. (Later astronauts did take a few embarrassing tumbles on the lunar surface, but the entire world wasn't watching them at the time.)
 
Kind of reminds me of the Gary Larson cartoon (from memory) --

An alien spaceship has just landed on Earth, and the first one off the ship has just obviously tripped and tumbled down the ramp, to land in front of the Earth dignitaries. The other alien at the top of the ramp is saying "Oh, way to make a first impression, Blarg!!"

(a good example of why a picture is worth 1000 words...)
 
Another good Moon story:

Ask someone to name the color of the moon, and the answer will usually be "white." But the Moon is actually closer to black than to white. The Moon reflects only seven percent of the light that hits it. This is comparable to the albedo of asphalt.

That the moon was a dark body was known before any missions went there. Nevertheless, the astronauts were surprised that lunar soil and rocks were charcoal-colored.

When Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin returned to lunar orbit, Armstrong decided to show Mike Collins some of the rocks. Collins too was surprised by their color. Technicians on Earth who later examined the rocks were astonished by their dark color, and after uttering a profanity to emphasize their surprise, described the rocks as looking like "burnt potatoes."

If you go to the Smithsonian Air and Space Museum, you can touch a lunar rock. Yes, it is quite black.

(Lunar soil also has a curious reflective property, which causes some eerie effects in some of the Apollo pictures. See Phil Plait's "Bad Astronomy" for a more detailed discussion of this phenomenon.)
 
Brown said:


"That's one small step for man," Armstrong said, and then he paused. "One giant leap... for mankind."


[pedant on] A lot of people don't notice right away, how redundant this statement is .. It would have been meaningful to have said :

" "That's one small step for a man," etc... "

[/pedant]

I have heard Armstrong , pointing this out himself.. He chalks it up to just bungling his lines a bit, having not actually planned or rehearsed what he was going to say..
 
Re: Re: Moon Landing Anniversary

Diogenes said:
I have heard Armstrong , pointing this out himself.. He chalks it up to just bungling his lines a bit, having not actually planned or rehearsed what he was going to say..

That's exactly what it was. Apparently, Armstrong paused after saying 'man' because he realized that he flubbed the line, but decided to finish the quote anyway.

http://www.snopes.com/quotes/onesmall.asp
 

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