Re: Re: Finland most competitive economy
Abdul Alhazred said:
I'm skeptical of how they measure "competitiveness".
Me too. So I did a bit of reading.
The global competitive index is made up of three components - technology, public institutions and macroeconomic environment.
The technology component is based mainly on hard data (patents per million of population, mobile phones/computers per 100 of population) and partly on responses to survey questions (e.g. What is your country's position in technology relative to world leaders?, Is there sufficient competition among ISP's in your country to ensure high quality, infrequent interruptions and low price?) In this component the US comes 1st, followed by Finland.
The public institutions component is based entirely on responses to survey questions (e.g. Is your government neutral among bidders when deciding among public contracts?, How commonly are bribes paid in connection with annual tax payments?) It is split into two elements - contracts and law and corruption.
Contracts and law appears to be intended as a measure of how easy it is to enforce contracts etc. In this area the US is ranked 17th, immediately behind Botswana - Finland was No 1. In corruption it is ranked 24th, behind the ranks of Spain, Malta and Chile - Denmark was no 1.
Finally, the macroeconomic component is based largely on hard data (inflation rate, country credit rating, government surplus/deficit) and partly on survey questions (e.g. Is your country going to be in recession next year?, How high is the public trust in the financial honesty of politicians?) The US comes 14th, Singapore was no 1. The US ranking is mainly due to its strong credit rating - without this it would have ranked much lower.
Having had some dealings with business in Spain in the past, I am immediately suspicious of any report that suggests corruption in Spain is lower than somewhere like Norway. I am also not entirely convinced that the legal system in Botswana is likely to be more business friendly than that of the US.
Some of the discrepancies in rankings based on survey and hard data are also surprising. For example in macroeconomic stablity, Norway ranks 1st on hard data and 64th on survey. Iceland on the other hand ranks 63rd on hard data and 1st on survey.