Bart Ehrman on the Historical Jesus

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Pre existing myth that inspired someone to become Jesus.

Gospels actually describe a composite person of which Jesus is actually only a small part.

There are many options but those are the ones that come off the top of my head

The number of options is only limited by the human imagination but the HJers want to force a narrow dichotomy:

There was an HJ or someone/s consciously invented the story then forged all the NT.
 
The most powerful empire at the time tried to kill a supposed Messiah, if you believe the press they failed and he came back from the dead.

Sounds like Jesus 1 Romans 0, I'm not seeing any embarrassment?

Most Jews obviously knew he was a failure but then they knew the game plan. Did the gentiles?

To a Christian the cross is hardly an embarrassment. Claiming that we know the crucifixion happened because it would be embarrassing to admit your Messiah died that way misses the whole point of the religion. Every cross in every church gives lie to the "embarrassment" argument.
 
The number of options is only limited by the human imagination but the HJers want to force a narrow dichotomy:

There was an HJ or someone/s consciously invented the story then forged all the NT.
No. These are by no means the only two possibilities I admit. In fact, whether there was a historical Jesus or not the idea that the entire NT was "forged" doesn't seem reasonable. What is it a forgery of? A forged ten pound note is a forgery of a real ten pound note, after all. If there was no Trojan war, is the material in the Iliad "forged"?
 
Although the definition is a bit confusing is interesting because helps define the terms of debate in this forum. Some in this forum are maintaining the hard version of mythicism. I mean, Jesus would be an invention to justify an Egyptian, Hellenistic or Jewish belief (a "ghost"). Or, if you will, a Paul's invention in order to incarnate his spiritual heavenly Jesus. So I find more accurate this definition:

Mythicism is the belief that Jesus Christ never existed as a historical figure, but was derived from a group of mythical gods and demigods from Greek and Roman times.

It is this version which some of us are trying to rebut here. No one is maintaining that the Jesus of the Gospels is the historical Jesus. If that's mythicism, I'm mythicist. But I affirm the existence of a preacher who acted in Galilee in the first half of the first century and was executed by the Romans. Stop. And this is something that the mythicists don't see with good eyes. Those in this forum, at least.

The problem is that Jesus Christ like King Arthur Pendragon or Robin Hood, Earl of Huntington tends to bring to mind a certain version of the person who in all odd is fictional in nature.

Rationalwiki's Evidence for the historical existence of Jesus Christ page states the following:

In 1909 John Remsburg published The Christ where he made a very important distinction: "Jesus of Nazareth, the Jesus of humanity, the pathetic story of whose humble life and tragic death has awakened the sympathies of millions, is a possible character and may have existed; but the Jesus of Bethlehem, the Christ of Christianity, is an impossible character and does not exist." Remsburg then clarifies this position by stating "That a man named Jesus, an obscure religious teacher, the basis of this fabulous Christ, lived in Palestine about nineteen hundred years ago, may be true. But of this man we know nothing. His biography has not been written." and proceeds to prove this claim by including a list of 42 historians during or shortly after the supposed times of Jesus who should have, but did not record anything about Jesus, apostles, or any supposed acts that we find only in the Bible.

[...]

Remsburg himself felt there was enough to show there was a flesh and blood man named Jesus but also felt the Gospels told us nothing about him ie the Gospel account had no more historical validity then the stories of George Washington and the Cherry Tree, Davy Crockett and the Frozen Dawn, Jesse James and the Widow, or the many Penny Dreedful-Dime Novels starring people like Buffalo Bill, "Wild Bill" Hickok, and Annie Oakley.
----

For many people "Jesus Christ" is "the Christ of Christianity" which the majority of people agree is "an impossible character and does not exist".

The problem here is Paul is our oldest link to a possible historical Jesus but he is quick to state: "But I certify you, brethren, that the gospel which was preached of me is not after man. For I neither received it of man, neither was I taught it, but by the revelation of Jesus Christ." (Galatians 1:11-12) The only clue in the seven letters that Paul's Jesus is more then "an undigested bit of beef, a blot of mustard, a crumb of cheese, a fragment of an underdone potato" (;)) is that Paul met "James, the Lord's brother" (Galatians 1:19) and per John Frum picking up a man who only has sisters as a brother in about 17 years after some native uses the name that is totally useless as proof that the Jesus Paul wrote of actually existed out of Paul's mind. The four canonal Gospels babble nonhistorical nonsense when they give us anything we can actually check against known history such as the Sanhedrin trial, the capture of Jesus, Pontius Pilate's behavior regarding the trial and Jewish mob, the way the crucified body of Jesus was handled, and the reactions of the Romans to a man who supposedly "died" after only a few hours (when it took days to die) and reports of him being seen afterword. The Gospels come off less then actual history an more the early 2nd century equivalent of a Penny Dreedful-Dime Novel. Here is something from Philo, now tell me it doesn't feel familiar: "...setting him up there on high that he might be seen by everybody, flattened out a leaf of papyrus and put it on his head instead of a diadem, and clothed the rest of his body with a common door mat instead of a cloak, and instead of a sceptre they put in his hand a small stick of the native papyrus which they found lying by the wayside and gave to him ; and when, like actors in theatrical spectacles, he had received all the insignia of royal authority, and had been dressed and adorned like a king, the young men bearing sticks on their shoulders stood on each side of him instead of spear-bearers, in imitation of the body-guards of the king, and then others came up, some as if to salute him, and others making as though they wished to plead their causes before him, and others pretending to wish to consult with him about the affairs of the state. Then from the multitude of those who were standing around there arose a wonderful shout of men calling out Maris ; and this is the name by which it is said that they call the kings among the Syrians ; for they knew that Agrippa was by birth a Syrian, and also that he was possessed of a great district of Syria of which he was the sovereign." (a comment a little later gives us a date range of 32-38 CE for this incident) Moreover in The Masks of God: Occidental Mythology Joseph Campbell stated "(i)t is clear that, whether accurate or not as to biographical detail, the moving legend of the Crucified and Risen Christ was fit to bring a new warmth, immediacy, and humanity, to the old motifs of the beloved Tammuz, Adonis, and Osiris cycles." ie the myth came first even if Jesus was found to be a flesh and blood person! I tend to agree with Remsburg that there feels just enough to say that there likely was a human being named Jesus but also the Gospels tell us nothing about that man; nothing about what he preached, nothing about anything he did, or even how he died.
 
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With regard to the 'HJers want to force a narrow dichotomy' (tsig), I thought there were quite a number of non-HJ options, and forgery seems the most peculiar to me. More plausible are a mythic beginning, for example, Doherty's celestial Jesus crucified in the air; or a spontaneous development of stories about a Jewish preacher; or the conflation of stories about different people.

The two that always strike me as implausible are forgery - as Craig B says, what is the forgery a forgery of? - and the Mithras/Osiris link. Oh, and the astrotheological stuff. I suppose the freemason stuff and the pygmy Christ is also rather weird. Then there's the Buddhist Christ, and so on.
 
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Did you skip all the posts about John Frum?

I'll remind you of what Craig said, that you called a false dichotomy:

I have said, either the Jesus story is inspired by a myth, or it is inspired by a person.

It's either inspired by a person or not, tsig.

Pre existing myth that inspired someone to become Jesus.

So "inspired by a person" AND "inspired by a myth". Still not seeing a third option, here.
 
To a Christian the cross is hardly an embarrassment.

There were no Christian dogma back then.

The number of options is only limited by the human imagination but the HJers want to force a narrow dichotomy:

Given that no one here seems willing or able to define MJ or HJ, and we get told "which HJ" and "which MJ" all the time, I find your characterisation misguided.
 
I'll remind you of what Craig said, that you called a false dichotomy:

It's either inspired by a person or not, tsig.

So "inspired by a person" AND "inspired by a myth". Still not seeing a third option, here.

The problem here is 'inspired by which myth'. Remember that before the supposed time of Jesus we have the following would be messiahs:

Dositheos the Samaritan (unknown, before Simon of Peraea or after him) According to Origen Dositheus pretended to be the Christ It should be noted information on this guy is a total train wreck with his life being any where from the 4th century BCE to the 1st century CE

Simon of Peraea (d 4 BCE)

Matthias, son of Margalothus (during time of Herod the Great) - thought by some to be the "Theudas" referenced in Acts 5.

Athronges (c 3 CE)

Judas of Galilee (6 CE)

Something had to be motivating these people. There might have been a myth that a messiah would come to liberate the Jewish people and several people tried to make that myth a reality. Which brings up the idea of what if Jesus was one of those people? You still have the myth coming first and Jesus coming later but in this case before Paul rather then after.
 
Yes. I'm pretty sure Paul didn't live and work in a vacuum. He wrote letters to people who had heard that Jesus taught not to divorce.

It is really useless to use the Pauline writings as historical sources.

Paul admitted that he did not get his information from historical sources but from revelation from the resurrected [a fictional entity].

Paul specifically identified his sources--revelations, visions, resurrected beings.


Galatians 1
11 But I certify you, brethren, that the gospel which was preached of me is not after man. 12 For I neither received it of man, neither was I taught it, but by the revelation of Jesus Christ.

Galatians 1
15 But when it pleased God, who separated me from my mother's womb, and called me by his grace, 16 To reveal his Son in me, that I might preach him among the heathen; immediately I conferred not with flesh and blood...
 
If you think it's relevant I will argue the point.

A James is listed by Matthew and Mark as a brother of Jesus in a family context in which his parents are also alluded to. The James encountered by Paul is leader of a group which contains the other disciples and John and Peter. He can issue instructions, and make decisions at a council. He is able to warn Paul about myriads of supporters. He makes pronouncements founded upon scriptural exegesis. He sends people to inspect whether other people are observing dietary rules. People bring him financial contributions. He can require people to perform purification ceremonies in the Temple. Thus I can think of reasons why he might have been known to Jesus.

ETA He is referred to by name as a seer of the risen Jesus, in 1 Corinthians

seen of Cephas, then of the twelve [15:5]
seen of above five hundred brethren at once [15:6]
seen of James; then of all the apostles [15:7]
last of all he was seen of me (Paul),[15:8–9]



You seem to have lost track of what was being discussed, because you are now talking about something else entirely!

The actual exchange is quoted in full below, where you will see that you had claimed it was irrelevant whether James was actually the family brother of Jesus. To which I replied -

“ Of course it’s not irrelevant. It’s 100% relevant. If the person (James) was not in fact a family brother, but only a brother in the sense of belief, then there is no reason at all why any such person should have ever known Jesus. “
See the actual posts below -




If they were not actually blood family bothers, then they were not really "brothers" at all, were they!

Apart from which, nobody who was supposed to have been a brother of Jesus, ever wrote to confirm that he was indeed a family brother of Jesus.



That is irrelevant in a discussion of the existence of contacts of Jesus and sources and modes of transmission of information. Whether James was a blood brother or associate close enough to be described as a brother, we have reason to believe he was active up to the 60s. In either case he is a possible source of information, or vector of transmission, as are the "myriads" of "staunch supporters of the Law" he allegedly had at his beck and call.



Of course it’s not irrelevant. It’s 100% relevant. If the person (James) was not in fact a family brother, but only a brother in the sense of belief, then there is no reason at all why any such person should have ever known Jesus.
And nor can you invent personal acquaintances of Jesus by introducing talk of “transmission vectors … of … contacts sources and modes” lol.

You talk about James being “close enough to be described as a brother…”, well who was the person “James”? How do you know how close he was to Jesus if he was not actually his brother? And what evidence do you have that he had ever met Jesus at all?

And what do you mean by saying James “is a possible source of information”? Anyone named in the bible might have been a possible source of information. So the question is - what evidence do you have that this person “James” actually personally ever met Jesus?




If this person “James” was indeed the actual human family brother of Jesus, then (a)he would automatically know that Jesus was real, and (b)that would end any doubt about the existence of Jesus if he had a real brother! In which case none of the sceptical authors over the past century, if they accepted that Jesus was known to have a real brother, would ever have bothered to write any of their numerous books expressing doubts about the existence of Jesus!

But the actual fact here is that despite one sentence in one of Paul’s letters ending “save James, the Lords brother”, a sentence which every sceptic author knew full-well before ever writing a word of doubt about Jesus, nevertheless all sceptical authors obviously reject that as any sort of proof or reliable evidence that James was ever actually the real brother of a human Jesus.

What you wrote about in your last post quoted above, was something else entirely … to the effect that gospel writers, supposedly writing decades if not centuries after Paul had already written “other apostles saw I none, save James, the lords brother” apparently believed Jesus was born to a virgin Mary who also had other sons. Though afaik there is actually no reliable evidence at all offered in any of those gospels to show that Jesus really did have any such human family.

And the fact that Paul appears to regard “James” as an important figure and leader for the Church at Jerusalem, does not make James the family brother of Jesus! Just because anyone has authority at a particular church building does not make them a relative of Jesus.

And then you end by quoting to me a load of superstitious nonsense about Paul saying hundreds of people had seen visions of the risen Jesus. As if that was somehow supposed to be evidence that any of those people knew James to be the family brother of Jesus! :rolleyes:
 
It is really useless to use the Pauline writings as historical sources.

Paul admitted that he did not get his information from historical sources but from revelation from the resurrected [a fictional entity].

Paul specifically identified his sources--revelations, visions, resurrected beings.


Galatians 1

Galatians 1
Do you really believe Paul got wised up by a talking light in the sky? Or by sky beings in the third Heaven? I don't. In reality he got his knowledge from other sources, and processed it through his imagination, memory and reasoning faculties, in various proportions.
 
Do you really believe Paul got wised up by a talking light in the sky? Or by sky beings in the third Heaven? I don't. In reality he got his knowledge from other sources, and processed it through his imagination, memory and reasoning faculties, in various proportions.

You have Pauline problems.

You imagine your own history of Jesus and Paul.

I have no interest in your imagination. I am not a QUESTER.

The on-going HJ QUEST after hundreds of years is proof that no evidence for HJ was ever known or established for at least 1800 years in the history of mankind.

The HJ argument is dead and cannot be resurrected.

May the HJ argument rest in "pieces"--the cremation has already begun!!

Dust to Dust and Ashes to Ashes.

The HJ argument must go to "hell" or be placed in a "lake of fire" for all eternity.
 
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There were no Christian dogma back then.



Given that no one here seems willing or able to define MJ or HJ, and we get told "which HJ" and "which MJ" all the time, I find your characterisation misguided.

If there was no dogma then there would be no need for any kind of Jesus.


ETA: When do you think the resurrection myth was invented then?
 
Irrelevant. "Which myth" is still included in one of the two basic options.

No you have a third option where you have a barely remembered flesh and blood Jesus but his past is made up to fit with Paul's vision.

In the What counts as a historical Jesus? thread, I talked about how you could have a Jesus who was born c 12 BCE in the small town of Cana, who preached a few words of wisdom to small crowds of no more than 10 people at a time, and died due to being run over by a chariot at the age of 50 but it would still make the Gospel Jesus mythical and nonhistorical because this historical Jesus did not teach as reported in the Gospels nor was put to death in the circumstances there recorded.

In this thread I postulated a man going for the 1st century version of suicide by cop by running into the Temple and trashing the place while yelling 'I am Jesus King of the Jews' before being run through with a sword by a guard. Again not historical as that Jesus did not teach as reported in the Gospels, nor was put to death in the circumstances there recorded, and certainly didn't found Christianity.

As I said before the 'let's minimize Jesus to the point all the problems of no one noticing him goes away' idea creates the situation of Jesus effectively not existing. It reminds me of a joke I heard a long time ago:

Believer: I found Jesus
Skeptic: I didn't know he was lost.
Believer: He must be as there are all these quests to find him.
Skeptic: ... :hb:

In some respects the historical Jesus quest has gotten to the level of Robin Hood and King Arthur where people are finding the historical people that were the "basis" for the stories as much as 200 years away from the traditional period of the stories. It get tot he point that one get the impression of less a look for a historical core and more a desperate desire to find someone anyone who reasonably fits whatever criteria the researcher is looking for.

In the case of Robin Hood and King Arthur there may have been no core but various people woven into a core composite character who while based on various actual people in fact never really existed. The same my be true of the Gospel Jesus.

One of the strange parts of the whole Jesus story is the first recorded attempt at creating a Christian Bible used Luke which the editor (Marcion) believed had actually been written by Paul and started at our Luke 3:1.

But if one sits down and thinks about what Marcion is actually saying you quickly realize he is implying that Luke's story is also a vision Paul had. Add in the Lucan priority school of thought which has Luke not Mark as the first Gospel and things quickly go south real fast.
 
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The HJ argument is dead and cannot be resurrected.
May the HJ argument rest in "pieces"--the cremation has already begun!!
Dust to Dust and Ashes to Ashes.
The HJ argument must go to "hell" or be placed in a "lake of fire" for all eternity.
That's one way of dealing with an argument. If you can't refute it, burn it.
 
The Gospel of Matthew is a forgery or falsely attributed and is not an eyewitness account.

gMatthew is a perfect example of fraud, fiction or mythology...

For the umpteenth time, you make an "Argument by assertion", other disagree:

http://www.awmi.net/bible/mat

And if you are going to assign a name to a gospel, why assign the name of a hated tax collector, Matthew was a tax collector. If I was going to invent a religion, I wouldn't say the founder was an IRS agent.

Also we have no eyewitness writings for "Alexander the Great" who conquered Jerusalem and much of the known world, does that mean he didn't exist. Almost everything we know about Alexander the Great comes from writers writing about 300 years after his death.

For the "millionth" time it is of no use telling me about Alexander the Great. You have no evidence for your Jesus...
There might not be proof, but there is evidence, a lot of evidence:

http://www.internationalskeptics.com/forums/showthread.php?postid=9829265#post9829265
 
dejudge said:
The Gospel of Matthew is a forgery or falsely attributed and is not an eyewitness account.

gMatthew is a perfect example of fraud, fiction or mythology...

There might not be proof, but there is evidence, a lot of evidence:

http://www.internationalskeptics.com/forums/showthread.php?postid=9829265#post9829265

Please, you are wasting time with your Ghost stories.

Ghost stories are not evidence of human beings.

There are hundreds of Codices and NT manuscripts which state Jesus was born after his mother was made PREGNANT by a Holy Ghost and he walked on the sea.

Matthew 1:18 KJV
Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Joseph, before they came together , she was found with child of the Holy Ghost.

Mark 6:48 KJV
And he saw them toiling in rowing ; for the wind was contrary unto them: and about the fourth watch of the night he cometh unto them, walking upon the sea, and would have passed by them.

A Pauline writer admitted his Jesus was a Spirit.

1 Corinthians 15:45 KJV
And so it is written , The first man Adam was made a living soul; the last Adam was made a quickening spirit.
 
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