THE HISTORICAL FULFILLMENT
The statement “I took the thirty shekels of silver and threw them to the potter in the house of the LORD” has puzzled the scholars who have refused to accept the historical fulfillment in the New Testament. Matthew 27:3-10 gives the historical record of the omniscient Ruler of the universe in control of events. The same thirty pieces of silver paid out to Judas Iscariot by the chief priests for delivering Jesus to them (Matt. 26:15) were cast into the house of the Lord by Judas (27:5). The chief priests took the same silver pieces and gave them to the potter from whom they bought the field to bury strangers (vv. 6-7).
Matthew 27:9-10 reads, “Then that which was spoken through Jeremiah the prophet was fulfilled: “Andthey took the thirty pieces of silver, the price of the one whose price had been set by the sons of Israel; andthey gave them for thePotter’sField, as theLord directed me.”
Keil and Delitzsch make this observation: "The payment of the wages to the shepherd in the prophetical announcement is simply the symbolical form in which the nation manifests its ingratitude for the love and fidelity shown towards it by the shepherd, and the sign that it will no longer have him as its shepherd, and therefore a sign of the blackest ingratitude, and of hard-heartedness in return for the love displayed by the shepherd. The same ingratitude and the same hardness of heart are manifested in the resolution of the representatives of the Jewish nation, the high priests and elders, to put Jesus their Savior to death, and to take Him prisoner by bribing the betrayer. The payment of thirty silverlings to the betrayer was in fact the wages with which the Jewish nation repaid Jesus for what He had done for the salvation of Israel; and the contemptible sum which they paid to the betrayer was an expression of the deep contempt which they felt for Jesus. . . . The high priests would not put the money into the divine treasury, because it was blood-money, but applied it to the purchase of a potter’s field, which received the name of a field of blood. . . . The prophecy was almost literally fulfilled; but, so far as the sense is concerned, it was so exactly fulfilled, that every one could see that the same God who had spoken through, the prophet, had by the secret operation of His omnipotent power, which extends even to the ungodly, so arranged the matter that Judas threw the money into the temple, to bring it before the face of God as blood-money, and to call down the vengeance of God upon the nation, and that the high priest, by purchasing the potter’s field for this money, which received the name of “field of blood” in consequence “unto this day” (Matt. 27:8), perpetuated the memorial of the sin committed against their Messiah."
Everything that happened that fateful day was “in accordance with the purpose of God.” We should not be amazed at how exactly the prophecy was fulfilled. God did it!
The priests carried the money away from the temple, as being impure, and bought a wretched piece of ground in the very same valley, which had once before been defiled by innocent blood and had called down the vengeance of God upon Jerusalem, as predicted by Jeremiah, and on the very same spot where Jeremiah had formerly proclaimed to the people their rejection by the Lord. Here, then, was the blood-money deposited (Matt. 27:6), the reward for betraying the innocent blood (v. 4), from which the field received the name of “field of blood” (v. 8; Acts 1:19), and here did it lie as a witness against Israel, a pledge by which the nation had bound itself to submit to the punishment of God . . . . Tradition also places the field of blood in the valley of Hinnon, in perfect accordance with the results when you compare the words of Jeremiah and Zechariah with the New Testament accounts (Hengstenberg, Christology of the Old Testament).
Did Matthew make a mistake calling Zechariah Jeremiah in 27:9? Did he get confused and write Jeremiah when he was quoting Zechariah? Matthew says the word spoken by the prophet was fulfilled by the purchase of the potter’s field for thirty shekels of silver, the price of the Messiah. However, Jeremiah says nothing of the betrayal, but says the Lord “directed him” to buy the field (v. 10; Jer. 32:6-8). Zechariah mentions the price. It seems reasonable that Matthew combines both of these prophecies and gives credit to the major prophet Jeremiah whose information he stresses in the purchase of the field. Matthew does the same thing in 21:5 where he combines two prophecies of Isaiah and Zechariah and gives the credit to the famous “prophet.” Mark 1:2 does the same thing with Malachi and Isaiah giving credit to Isaiah. The Minor Prophets are rarely quoted by name though their information is frequently used throughout the New Testament. Hosea, Joel and Jonah are the only ones named, but others are quoted without citing them. Matthew had the words of our verse in mind for a long time before he wrote them at this point in his Gospel.
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