Responses to Dr. Novelli
TomZ53 responded elsewhere to a newspaper article that was critical of the Conti-Vecchiotti report. The article was coauthored by Dr. Novelli and Dr. Giardina.
Tom wrote in part:
"Regading Professor Giuseppe Novelli and Dr. Emiliano Giardina, two Italian Scientists who have supported the Perugia investigation on the prosecution side, this Oct 6 post on TJMK from Professor Giuseppe Novelli and Dr. Emiliano Giardina, addresses the issue of their reasoning.
As a DNA scientist, here is my response:
I read the translation of the article by Professor Giuseppe Novelli and Dr. Emiliano Giardina, two prominent contributors to the Prosecution’s DNA team, and found a variety of problems with it. To begin, throughout the article the authors ignore the central issues of the management of the crime scene and the mishandling of the evidence. These are fundamental problems that introduced ambiguity into the DNA results and are central to why the evidence has been invalidated. Instead, they downplay the significance of DNA contamination in forensic DNA samples. Specifically they state, 'To determine the invalidity of such evidence, in the process, have been invoked improbable and absurd phenomena(contamination), lacking scientific legitimacy.'
"This statement is in stark contrast with the widely accepted understanding in forensic science; see for example
Donald E. Riley, Ph.D...."
(scroll down about a third of page 102 on the Injustice in Perugia Forum to find the full response)
Allow me to add a few comments from the perspective of a protein biochemist with an interest in DNA forensics and blood testing. One, Drs. Novelli and Giardina do not acknowledge the existence of peaks on the bra electropherogram which cannot have arisen from Meredith or Raffaele (nor are at all likely to be stutter peaks, a type of artifact). The DNA giving rise to these peaks must have arisen from secondary transfer or contamination. Two, negative controls can detect wholesale contamination but may miss sporadic contamination, a point raised by Dr. Donald Riley in the citation provided to Dr. Riley's article. Three, Drs. Novelli and Giardina do not discuss how they evaluated the evidence in this case. If their review were without the electronic data files, then it was incomplete; if their evaluation were with the electronic data files, then they are tacitly acknowledging that the defense experts were at a disadvantage, not having access to them. Four, they fail to wrestle with one of the most problematic aspects of the knife, the lack of blood. It is widely known that the knife was negative by TMB. My reading of the translation of the Conti/Vecchiotti report indicates that there was a confirmatory test for blood as well, and it was also negative. The prosecution would have to explain how one can clean a knife, then use it to cut bread (to account for the starch), and still have the DNA persist.
Here is more on the frequency of DNA contamination.