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UFOs: The Research, the Evidence

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Ufology's (as well as Rramjet's, KotA's, etc.) arguments have a huge soft underbelly...

This word -> reported.

Reported, and quite often from second- third, fourth, n-th hand. All those cases are just said to have happened. No matter how verborhagic the UFO proponent is, no matter how far he/she ventures in the deceptive arts of redefining words and sweeping inconvenient facts under the rug, there's no way one can be reasonably sure the events happened as described or even if they actually happened at all.
 
However the so called, "null hypothesis" is suggestive of the screening process, wherein mundane objects are ruled out through a process of logical elimination based on the content of the information in the report. Therefore to apply this process to the formulation of the null hypothesis perhaps one could say:

A more accurate "Null Hypothesis"

All unidentified objects referred to in pre-screened UFO reports are of mundane origin.
:confused:

A null hypothesis is a statement that is set up in order to be falsified. What you're doing is trying to pass off a (alleged) statement of fact as a null hypothesis. By doing so, you are stating that "all objects that have been identified as being of mundane origin are of mundane origin", which to my mind indicates that you don't understand what a null hypothesis is for.

Now, give us one incident that falsifies RoboTimbo's null hypothesis and we can all go home and hunt for skyfishes. Thanks. :)
 
It is comments like the above that make me feel very apprehensive about continuing to post here on the JREF. I did not come here to make enemies with people, and now for the second time, I've seen personal ridicule and character attacks against me advocated as acceptable forms of discussion.

Also, as one of the few participants here who try to portray ufology as a wothwhile activity, I am usually far outnumbered by those who oppose it. Consequently I can't always respond to everyone, even though I would often like to. Also, there are instances when people mistakenly think I've not replied to a question. Neither of these circumstances represent intentional acts of disrespect.

Lastly, I have no problem with history judging my actions here. I don't hide behind false names and anyone who doubts my honesty and integrity is free to contact me via email and I'd be happy to answer any questions they may have about what I do. If the future is to judge the JREF by the way it treats the people who take time to participate, I am confident that is is not I who will be found wanting.

One sided aren't they?
I have seen the real deal and they are amazing in their physics.
They have exactly what we need and lack.
None of them or hardly any of them are even willing to post their own picture in their profile, I wonder why that is?
:boxedin:
 
It is comments like the above that make me feel very apprehensive about continuing to post here on the JREF. I did not come here to make enemies with people, and now for the second time, I've seen personal ridicule and character attacks against me advocated as acceptable forms of discussion.

Also, as one of the few participants here who try to portray ufology as a wothwhile activity, I am usually far outnumbered by those who oppose it. Consequently I can't always respond to everyone, even though I would often like to. Also, there are instances when people mistakenly think I've not replied to a question. Neither of these circumstances represent intentional acts of disrespect.

Lastly, I have no problem with history judging my actions here. I don't hide behind false names and anyone who doubts my honesty and integrity is free to contact me via email and I'd be happy to answer any questions they may have about what I do. If the future is to judge the JREF by the way it treats the people who take time to participate, I am confident that is is not I who will be found wanting.
In the time it took you to type that, you could've answered a couple of the questions in #11523. ;)
 
If the future is to judge the JREF by the way it treats the people who take time to participate, I am confident that is is not I who will be found wanting.
JREF forum members (not JREF) have

1. taken the time to carefully read your posts

2. pointed out your many logical errors (for the most part gently) and provided you with many helpful references so you can understand and avoid repeating them

3. spent what must have been many hours doing research to help you find plausible explanations for the incidents you have described

You have no reason at all to complain about your treatment here.
 
True Pseudoscience: All pre-screened UFO sighting reports are of mundane origin.
False Science: All UFOs are of mundane origin.
FTFY
When, exactly, did you think that you falsified the null hypothesis? And why would you post a pseudoscientific one?

I've already outlined the official screening process in which the definition of a UFO precludes most natural and manmade phenomena. Whether the skeptics like it or not, the fact is that the USAF definition was created by the same agency that created the word itself and it therefore takes precedence. UFOs are by their very definition, not mundane objects.
But we've agreed that the USAF don't consider any UFOs to be a threat to national security and if any UFOs were alien invaders, they would defintiely consider that to be a threat to national security. Why are you now ignoring that? The USAF has said in effect said that no UFOs are alien invaders.

However the so called, "null hypothesis" is suggestive of the screening process, wherein mundane objects are ruled out through a process of logical elimination based on the content of the information in the report. Therefore to apply this process to the formulation of the null hypothesis perhaps one could say:

A more accurate pseudoscientific "Null Hypothesis"

All unidentified objects referred to in pre-screened UFO reports are of mundane origin.
Had to fix it again for you. And you wonder that UFOlogy is a known pseudoscience?

So the null hypothesis is:

"All UFO sightings are of mundane origin"
Will you be trying to falsify it with, you know, evidence? Or will you just continue to try to pseudoscientifically redefine it into being falsified?

Here's another question you've been running away from:

"It seems as if you are saying that any UFO sighting that hasn't been proven to have a mundane explanation is, by default, an alien spaceship. If that isn't the case, please clarify."

An answer would be appreciated.
 
  • Let's say you work at a tactical air traffic control center and one of the radar operators announces that he sees an unidentified object on his scope. Another person at the center says, "it's probably a joke ( hoax )." So you go over to the radar operator's station and sure enough, there's an unidentified object on his scope. In this situation you have just ruled out that radar operator had not perpetrated a hoax because you have personally verified that he sees ( as you do ) an unidentified object on the radar scope.
  • We can take the above a bit further ... then the phone rings and another radar station asks if your station also has the same unidentified object on your radar scope, so you confirm that you do, thus doubling the verification that it's not a hoax.
  • We can take this even further. Then the phone rings again and it's a civilian who says she sees a strange object in the sky. Maybe that's a hoax you think, so you go over to the window and sure enough there is a strange glowing object in the sky right where the civilian says it is. So again, the civilian was telling the truth because you see the object too, and it just turns out to be in the same place that two radars say the unknown object is. Now you know that neither the radar operator nor the civilian were hoaxing that they saw the object.
  • We can take this even further ... So you think maybe someone is perpetrating an even bigger hoax on everyone. So you call in military air support to intercept the object. The jet interceptor pilot also sees the same object that the civilian, yourself and two radar stations has confirmed is there, and the pilot gives chase, only to have the object outrun the jet, doubly confirmed by the two radar stations.
  • Now at this point it is no longer reasonable for you to consider any of this incident to be a hoax. Certainly you could personally deny any of it was real, but that would only confirm your irrational denial. Now it is still possible that the object was some foreign technology you know nothing about and isn't a truly alien craft, but then we are no longer dealing with a hoax, but an incursion of airspace by a foreign power.
  • To sum up ... in this example I've demonstrated how the radar operator could not have been hoaxing, how the civilian eye witness could not have been hoaxing and how the object itself could not have been a hoax. This example also parallels one of the incidents during the Washington National sightings.

Ufology, thanks much for your example of a hoax. That answers my question exceedingly well.

In your example above, before we get to the jet pilot, you're incorrect that the scenario could not have been a hoax. It could well have been a hoax, especially one not conducted by the people who reported seeing something. Up to this point, you haven't ruled out a hoax.

I would appreciate either a rebuttal or acknowledgment of this point.

When the jet pilot gets thrown in, we need to move to another concept because the pilot is interacting with the object, as opposed to just seeing it. With the pilot and the other viewers, you have multiple, independent sources, and I will agree that as multiple, independent sources increase, as well as go beyond a mere sighting but interact with the object or whatever it is, the chances of a hoax go down.

But note that that still cannot be conclusive proof of not a hoax.


  • A person reports that they see a bright object in the sky at some very specific coordinates. You suspect a hoax, but the object is determined through subsequent investigation to have been the planet Venus. Therefore the person who reported that they saw a bright object was not hoaxing anything, they just saw the planet Venus.

This example isn't an example of hoaxes with a UFO. You O is not U anymore, if you get my drift.

Same for your third scenario.
 
You make some good points, Paul2. It occurs to me that it could be the case (or at the very least, it is unprovable) that the majority of UFO hoaxes are not perpetrated by the individuals that witness the event but, like crop circles, by some anonymous naughty hoaxers. Blimp-shaped chinese lanterns might be released over a populated area with the express intent of deceiving those who then see the lanterns into thinking that they are observing a unidentified craft of mysterious origin.

If such sightings are classified as 'unknowns' then how would anyone, including a Pseudoblobologist UFOlogist, known that this was a hoax at all?
 
Ufology, thanks much for your example of a hoax. That answers my question exceedingly well.

In your example above, before we get to the jet pilot, you're incorrect that the scenario could not have been a hoax. It could well have been a hoax, especially one not conducted by the people who reported seeing something. Up to this point, you haven't ruled out a hoax.

I would appreciate either a rebuttal or acknowledgment of this point.

When the jet pilot gets thrown in, we need to move to another concept because the pilot is interacting with the object, as opposed to just seeing it. With the pilot and the other viewers, you have multiple, independent sources, and I will agree that as multiple, independent sources increase, as well as go beyond a mere sighting but interact with the object or whatever it is, the chances of a hoax go down.

But note that that still cannot be conclusive proof of not a hoax.

This example isn't an example of hoaxes with a UFO. You O is not U anymore, if you get my drift.

Same for your third scenario.


Now is where we see that the parameters I had asked for would have been useful. As I had mentioned before, there is no way to tell that anything that we think is real including this realm we call existence isn't some sort of elaborate hoax. And the level of denial in my example approaches this same level of fanaticism.

  • I outlined several instances along the way that assuming that would have been all the information that had been available, hoaxes were ruled out because they were confirmed directly as being truthful statements by those who had exerienced it.
  • I continued to ouline a complete scenario showing that the incident in its entirety could not have been a hoax because of the nature of the UFO. It had to have been at the very least an incursion of airspace by a foreign technology, and that doesn't quailfy as a hoax.
  • I outlined more examples that rule out hoaxes because they were simply misidentifications and therefore don't fit the definition of a hoax
So now if the goalposts are to be moved so far as to allow for the possibility that a hoax could constitute two radar stations tracking an object that is seen visually and pursued by a jet, which the object outruns as confirmed by the pilot and two radar stations, then there are serious denial of reality issues going on. The only reasonable way to rule out such an incident as genuine is for it to be discussed after the fact, in which case it would be reasonable for some third party to question it.

Lastly, the example of an incident that has many people interested in ufology divided as to its authenticity is the Sitgreaves National Forest incident. I have not given any examples of actual hoaxes other than hypothetically.
 
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Now is where we see that the parameters I had asked for would have been useful. As I had mentioned before, there is no way to tell that anything that we think is real including this realm we call existence isn't some sort of elaborate hoax. And the level of denial in my example approaches this same level of fanaticism.

  • I outlined several instances along the way that assuming that would have been all the information that had been available, hoaxes were ruled out because they were confirmed directly as being truthful statements by those who had exerienced it.
  • I continued to ouline a complete scenario showing that the incident in its entirety could not have been a hoax because of the nature of the UFO. It had to have been at the very least an incursion of airspace by a foreign technology, and that doesn't quailfy as a hoax.
  • I outlined more examples that rule out hoaxes because they were simply misidentifications and therefore don't fit the definition of a hoax
So now if the goalposts are to be moved so far as to allow for the possibility that a hoax could constitute two radar stations tracking an object that is seen visually and pursued by a jet, which the object outruns as confirmed by the pilot and two radar stations, then there are serious denial of reality issues going on. The only reasonable way to rule out such an incident as genuine is for it to be discussed after the fact, in which case it would be reasonable for some third party to question it.

Lastly, the example of an incident that has many people interested in ufology divided as to its authenticity is the Sitgreaves National Forest incident. I have not given any examples of actual hoaxes other than hypothetically.

So, I think you what you are saying is this:

If multiple, independent observers all see an unusual phenomenon, and they see the same thing (what appears to be a shining orb, say) - this just restates your first scenario above, minus the jet pilot, in general terms - this helps to rule out a hoax.

Do I have that right? If not, please correct.
 
Still running away from this question, ufology?
"It seems as if you are saying that any UFO sighting that hasn't been proven to have a mundane explanation is, by default, an alien spaceship. If that isn't the case, please clarify."

An answer would be appreciated.
 
***snip***

Also, as one of the few participants here who try to portray ufology as a wothwhile activity, I am usually far outnumbered by those who oppose it.

***snip***

Worthwhile? Worthwhile how? Like as in a worthwhile hobby for you? Worthwhile entertainment? A worthwhile way to make money or gain notoriety?

Ufology certainly hasn't been a worthwhile field of study in terms of it's usefulness to society. Ufology hasn't answered any significant question. Ufology hasn't contributed to human understanding in any substantial way, if indeed in any way at all. Despite over half a century of trying, ufology really hasn't actually accomplished anything at all.

So, in what manner would you say ufology is worthwhile?
 
If at first you don't succeed at re-defining the subject matter, try, try, try, to re-define the null hypothesis.
 
So, I think you what you are saying is this:

If multiple, independent observers all see an unusual phenomenon, and they see the same thing (what appears to be a shining orb, say) - this just restates your first scenario above, minus the jet pilot, in general terms - this helps to rule out a hoax.

Do I have that right? If not, please correct.


Paul ...

It's not exactly what I was saying, but I still have no problem with what you interpret what I said to mean in general terms.

The point I was trying to make is that what constitutes a hoax is highly dependent on the context of the situation, and that within certain contexts as described, hoaxes can be ruled out. Admittedly the examples I gave are mostly academic, but since we had no context to work with, they are still fair, and it is always good to understand the various contexts in which things are perceived. Now please try to bear with me before hitting the edit button because this is all leading somewhere constructive ( I hope ) toward the end.

Returning to the topic of UFO reports prior to screening under the official definition. Prior to screening, the object in the report may or may not fall under the definition of a UFO. If the report makes it past the screening process, it was judged to have enough information to rule out the mundane objects in the list, and therefore at that point becomes a UFO as per the official definition, and consequently was not considered to be a mundane object.

This didn't mean that further investigation might not still reveal it to be a mundane object, but it is at that point when we look at the definition and compare it to the null hypothesis proposed earlier ( All UFO sightings are of mundane origin ) they don't match up. That is why I proposed the revised null hypothesis for those who prefer to see the issue in those terms ... again:

The objects in pre-screened UFO reports ( those reports that had not been screened prior to being passed onto the ATIC investigators ) are mundane objects.

Now AFR 200-2 Feb 05 1958, did not include hoaxes in the list. It was assumed that USAF pilots weren't hoaxing what they saw. It was also assumed by then that most reports were not hoaxes because past investigations had found very low incidents of proven hoaxes. Certainly hoaxes might still be found during a post-screening investigation, but unless the report itself provides sufficient information to show it was a hoax, the presumption ( naturally for an official agaency ) is to presume it's not and to investigate it.

Now it might seem illogical to presume that sighting reports are not hoaxes and to investigate them, but that is the job of the military, to investigate possible incidents that are covered by their mandates. Similarly, when you call a police station for help, they don't ask for proof it's not a hoax before responding ( or we would hope ), because people's lives and property could be in danger and it is their job to investigate it "without prejudice".

In this context I could see how your point regarding hoaxes could contribute to some unexplained cases falling through the cracks into the percentage of "unknowns". Technically I think you may also be suggesting that there is no way in the absence of proof to know exactly hown many have fallen through the cracks, only that given the information, it's more or less reasonable to accept some cases more than others. And this point I would conceed is reasonable. However I would not conceed that it means that every unknown sighting can reasonably be explained to have been a hoax.

Are we on the same page now? If not, by all means let's continue until we have it nailed down. And by the way thank you for your very civil participation. I look forward to your next response.
 
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One clarification:

. . . it's more or less reasonable to accept some cases more than others. And this point I would conceed is reasonable. However I would not conceed that it means that every unknown sighting can reasonably be explained to have been a hoax.
My emphasis (bolding).
Accept some cases as what, exactly? Hoaxes or not hoaxes? Or accept some cases as what? I'm just not clear what you meant your words to imply.
 
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