Not really. It's more like asking numerous inmates at psychiatric wards about the details concerning other inmates. You will get a lot of inaccuracy, alongside some likely truths.Using the bible to defend anything is like asking an inmate at a psychiatric ward if he/she has seen Napoleon Bonaparte lately.
You're honestly losing me a bit with this Bayeaux Tapestry business, but I'll try to engage. You've said that multiple sources of information makes something more likely. Why does this rule not apply to the books of the NT? It has been claimed above that they all had an initial, common, single source of fiction, but there are no clues as to this being the case, and it does require quite a big leap of faith. If the one-faked-source model is to be given weight, then could it not be given weight for the Orderic Vitalis and Anglo-Saxon Chronicles?We can't use other books of the NT to confirm the truth of the NT - that would be like looking at the scene of Harold's journey to Normandy in the Bayeaux Tapestry and using it to confirm the historicity of Harold rescuing soldiers from quicksand. What we can use are other sources of information about the events surrounding the Battle, for example the works of Orderic Vitalis or the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles. If we can get broad agreement, we can say that these events did happen. What we can't say is that if something is in the Tapestry and in no other source, that event (for example Alfgytha's appearance) is likely. It might have happened, it might be pure invention, or it might be something allegorical which has since lost meaning.
Correct, they are conclusions, which similar historical evidence invariably leads us to.Might have, likely and probable are not enough for evidence of truth.
I've covered the parallels with fiction already. As for key points, it really depends what you consider to be "key". The claims you have brought up are theological ones, which can never be validated by history as historians are not permitted to draw on the supernatural. Thus it is paramount that a distinction is drawn between the historical importance and the theological one. It may well be that the NT gives us more accurate historical information concerning John the Baptist than it does concerning Jesus, even though he isn't the centre of attention at all..
What are the key claims of our sources for Mohammed? Him being God's messenger? Him flying to Mecca on a winged horse? No. From a historical point of view it would more likely be the battles he fought in. They would (I'm guessing here) find some of the battle accounts to be likely, some to have been exaggerated, and some to be unlikely. But the theological baggage isn't what historians are concerned with.
Finally, I have not solely used the books of the NT, but I am arguing that there are times when information solely contained in the NT is good enough. Otherwise what is the point at all?
If we will only accept the points on which the books of the NT gives us information backed up by other historical sources, we may as well just say from the outset that we are going to disregard everything the authors of the NT have to say, without obvious reason for doing so.
Not really. It's more like asking numerous inmates at psychiatric wards about the details concerning other inmates. You will get a lot of inaccuracy, alongside some likely truths.
This seems a very odd thing to point out. It's like me saying my issue with the Roswell autopsy video is that it isn't timestamped. Even with independent sources for all of the claims you have listed, they would still all be almost definitely wrong, apart from "Man is very important indeed" which is a bit vague. He was important enough to lead a cult, but not important enough that non-christians bothered writing about him apart from, perhaps, the couple of less frequently disputed lines in Josephus.The title of the thread is Evidence for why we know the New Testament writers told the truth. The central claims for the early books of the New Testament seem to be
- Child born of virgin birth
- Child is son of God
- Man performs miracles
- Man is very important indeed
- Man is executed and comes back to life
None of this appears to be supported by independent sources.
Depends what you consider to be strong evidence really. He is covered in the four gospels, and a single paragraph by Josephus. I do not recall Paul mentioning him, but I might be wrong on that.BTW, is there strong evidence for John the Baptist ?
It is impossible to find any support for anything from "unbiased" external sources. The historians at the time made up things like nobody's business, and frequently took sides. In the above mentioned paragraph on John the Baptist, Josephus clearly likes John a lot, and reckons that he could have provided salvation for Herod. With Josephus, as with Luke, there is a lot of bias towards certain people, so some degree of historical reasoning is needed to determine what is likely true and what is likely untrue. There is no such thing as an unbiased account.You're right, trying to find historical accuracy in an account like the bible is like peeling an onion.
Certain aspects (such as the existence of a place called Jerusalem) can be easily verified.
Certain aspects (such as the literal truth of the flood myth) can be easily disproved (although not beyond dogmatic doubt)
It seems to be difficult to find any support for anything other than the most banal facts in the New Testament from unbiased external sources. This includes even the existence of Jesus, never mind the extraordinary parentage he claimed of the miracles he is supposed to have performed
This seems a very odd thing to point out. It's like me saying my issue with the Roswell autopsy video is that it isn't timestamped. Even with independent sources for all of the claims you have listed, they would still all be almost definitely wrong, apart from "Man is very important indeed" which is a bit vague. He was important enough to lead a cult, but not important enough that non-christians bothered writing about him apart from, perhaps, the couple of less frequently disputed lines in Josephus.
Depends what you consider to be strong evidence really. He is covered in the four gospels, and a single paragraph by Josephus. I do not recall Paul mentioning him, but I might be wrong on that.
It is impossible to find any support for anything from "unbiased" external sources. The historians at the time made up things like nobody's business, and frequently took sides. In the above mentioned paragraph on John the Baptist, Josephus clearly likes John a lot, and reckons that he could have provided salvation for Herod. With Josephus, as with Luke, there is a lot of bias towards certain people, so some degree of historical reasoning is needed to determine what is likely true and what is likely untrue. There is no such thing as an unbiased account.
I wasn't claiming internal consistency, but rather the presence of likely historical truth which cannot be verified by non-NT sources. It is actually the lack of consistency which brings the most interest for historians, as a discrepancy or contradiction massively reduces the possible ways a certain story emerged. I was trying to build on the position that the NT contains a number of sources with potential historical value.All you are claiming in that case is that a work of fiction can be internally consistent. I don't think you'll find too many arguments there but I think there are cases where they aren't even consistent.
Yup, if I asked you to give an account of Middlesbrough Football Club, this would constitute a partial account with potentially accurate information. If I asked numerous Boro fans to give accounts we'd get more of this, and could perform some sort of historical analysis, sifting the implausible cross-source claims (Boro are a decent team) from the possible but hard to tell claims (many sources say they once finished 3rd but others leave that out) from the more likely claims (all sources agree the club was founded in the 19th century, even though some say God was involved, and others claim this to be the inspiration for Gandhi).The purpose of the thread is to provide evidence that the New Testament is factually accurate. If it agrees with other sources then it is more likely (although not certain - they could both have come from the same inaccurate source) that they are correct. If they are further backed by archaeological evidence then so much the better.
The reason why the New Testament isn't a good source of historically accurate information is that it is a very partial account with a particular viewpoint to promote. It's like asking me about Middlesbrough Football Club.
The partiality of the New Testament gives ample reason to reject it as an accurate source without external verification.
You stated earlier that the historical method doesn't work for fiction. How did you determine that the gospels weren't fiction, so that you could start using the historical method? This is circular logic.
No, you haven't.I've covered the parallels with fiction already.
See the end of this posting.As for key points, it really depends what you consider to be "key".
Do tell.We can find numerous times when the various books in the NT are likely to have been correct, owing to other books in the NT, and sources from outside it.
Yeah, I heard that the Romans wrote a lot of stuff down. Please elaborate. What did they say about this Jesus character?The thing is that isn't always especially productive, as only fairly unimportant bits can be verified (the existence of John, the status of Felix and Festus as procurators). I have talked about this to some extent, but it's mostly fruitless as the likely truths are already garnered from Roman governmental sources.
Actually, there is "cross-source agreement" and a "presentation of history" in Lord of the Rings (and millions of other fictional works). You're just pretending that there isn't.For Lord of the Rings, there is not cross-source agreement or a presentation of history. On the cross-source agreement bit, the counterargument has been that there are multiple LOTR fanfictions, and if the original was lost what we would be left with is something resembling the new testament. There is no real need to make this leap, and it does seem to require that the only remaining fanfictions are ones written pretending to be historical, or ones written by people who believed the original LOTR was correct.
Additionally, the composition of the different gospels suggests a number of sources (see the synoptic problem) with John and Paul completely separate. This would require quite a bit of intellectual gymnastics to fit the one source model being proposed.
You don't rule out the possibility that the gospels are fiction, and you are lecturing me in a thread about "evidence?" Bizarre.I've said. I do not "rule them out". They are possible. It's just that they create unnecessary strains on reasonableness.
I gave you a link to a write-up on special pleading. Give it a read sometime. The phrase that has a specific, logical meaning, and you are not using it correctly.phelix said:I consider it special pleading because the possibility of every source being faked (or based on fakes) is not one that would be given so much mental airtime in other cases.
In a thread about the truth of the New Testament, it seems odd to point out the central plot points?This seems a very odd thing to point out. <snip>The Don said:
- Child born of virgin birth
- Child is son of God
- Man performs miracles
- Man is very important indeed
- Man is executed and comes back to life
Again, I feel compelled to ask you - are you doing some type of performance art here?I wasn't claiming internal consistency, but rather the presence of likely historical truth which cannot be verified by non-NT sources. It is actually the lack of consistency which brings the most interest for historians, as a discrepancy or contradiction massively reduces the possible ways a certain story emerged. I was trying to build on the position that the NT contains a number of sources with potential historical value.
Yup, if I asked you to give an account of Middlesbrough Football Club, this would constitute a partial account with potentially accurate information. If I asked numerous Boro fans to give accounts we'd get more of this, and could perform some sort of historical analysis, sifting the implausible cross-source claims (Boro are a decent team) from the possible but hard to tell claims (many sources say they once finished 3rd but others leave that out) from the more likely claims (all sources agree the club was founded in the 19th century, even though some say God was involved, and others claim this to be the inspiration for Gandhi).
Yes, this is a good reason to believe that the miracle accounts are incorrect. A better reason, of course, is that they contradict the laws of physics. But any reason is goodIf someone is executing miracles, he may appear in contemporary accounts (as opposed to pieces of a book whose sole intention is to promote a particular religion that was written 50-200 years later). Maybe something in contemporary Roman, Egyptian, Jewish or Syrian about some guy feeding 5000 people (which was probably a VERY large crowd at the time).
Yup. That's a pretty good parallel. It would depend what the statement was though. If I go on Paris Hilton's website and see "Just back from Spain, got a nice tan" I think it's fair to conclude that she has been on holiday. There is a possibility she didn't get tanned at all but just said that for PR. There is a small but still not unbelievable possibility that she wasn't in Spain, but rather a Spanish speaking country. It seems unlikely that she just made the whole thing up.The gospels are not a reliable source because their purpose is to promote a particular viewpoint. There may be some truth in them, in the same way that there is some truth in an actor's self-penned biography. I would never trust an uncorroborated statement from Paris Hilton's website.
Archaeological evidence is a tough request, especially given the level of poverty. You'd also need a namestamp, so the only thing I could think of that we have even the slightest chance of finding would be a tomb etching. And when I say slightest chance I really mean no chance at all. I bet you there's been a good few "forging for Jesus" versions though.If you can find contemporary administrative records from the Roman empire to corroborate the facts then at least you have an external source.
If you can find a range of accounts from different that corroborate then as you've pointed out they likely either are sourced from the same lie or from the truth. Analysing the sources may be able to determine which of these may be true.
Finding some archaeological evidence may be nice.
(in relation to dealing with the NT-as-fiction implications)No, you haven't.
(in relation to use of sources outside the NT)Do tell.
They wrote nothing about Jesus, as far as we currently know. They wrote nothing about John the Baptist either, even though Herod ordered his death. They weren't especially concerned with minor Jewish cult leaders.Yeah, I heard that the Romans wrote a lot of stuff down. Please elaborate. What did they say about this Jesus character?
There is not a presentation of history in LOTR. The first line is "When Mr Bilbo Baggins of Bag End announced that he would shortly be celebrating his eleventy-first birthday with a party of special magnificence, there was much talk and excitement in Hobbiton". The book is a narrative, but this doesn't qualify as a presentation of history.Actually, there is "cross-source agreement" and a "presentation of history" in Lord of the Rings (and millions of other fictional works). You're just pretending that there isn't.
What is your point there? I do not rule out the possibility. Neither do you. This has nothing to do with evidence, but rather the fact that any evidence presented will always have the chance of being wrong.You don't rule out the possibility that the gospels are fiction, and you are lecturing me in a thread about "evidence?" Bizarre.
You have misquoted there, possibly deliberately. Bad show. You snipped out the line "None of this appears to be supported by independent sources." which is what I was responding to.In a thread about the truth of the New Testament, it seems odd to point out the central plot points?Again, I feel compelled to ask you - are you doing some type of performance art here?
Yes, this is a good reason to believe that the miracle accounts are incorrect. A better reason, of course, is that they contradict the laws of physics. But any reason is good![]()
Yup. That's a pretty good parallel. It would depend what the statement was though. If I go on Paris Hilton's website and see "Just back from Spain, got a nice tan" I think it's fair to conclude that she has been on holiday. There is a possibility she didn't get tanned at all but just said that for PR. There is a small but still not unbelievable possibility that she wasn't in Spain, but rather a Spanish speaking country. It seems unlikely that she just made the whole thing up.
Archaeological evidence is a tough request, especially given the level of poverty. You'd also need a namestamp, so the only thing I could think of that we have even the slightest chance of finding would be a tomb etching. And when I say slightest chance I really mean no chance at all. I bet you there's been a good few "forging for Jesus" versions though.
As for analysing the sources, we have done this probably more than anything else in history with the bible. Most scholars say there's Mark,Q,L,M,John and Paul, and that all these are independent. There are quibbles over Q. I don't find it at all likely, or even feasible, that these sources all developed from 1 fake. There doesn't seem to be a good argument for it, and it requires a greater leap of faith than is really warranted.
And what you have been asked for dozens of times is how do you tell them apart?Not really. It's more like asking numerous inmates at psychiatric wards about the details concerning other inmates. You will get a lot of inaccuracy, alongside some likely truths.
Actually that's BS as well. Audri Santos is considered a modern day saint who cured people and made statues of jesus cry. Sure, we know it's a fake, but your method exclude her entirely from history.Yes, this is a good reason to believe that the miracle accounts are incorrect. A better reason, of course, is that they contradict the laws of physics. But any reason is good![]()
If you think Paris Hilton may have forged something on her website, how on earth can you possibly take anything in a religious text into acccount?Yup. That's a pretty good parallel. It would depend what the statement was though. If I go on Paris Hilton's website and see "Just back from Spain, got a nice tan" I think it's fair to conclude that she has been on holiday. There is a possibility she didn't get tanned at all but just said that for PR. There is a small but still not unbelievable possibility that she wasn't in Spain, but rather a Spanish speaking country. It seems unlikely that she just made the whole thing up.
Again, this statement requires evidence. Do you have any?As for analysing the sources, we have done this probably more than anything else in history with the bible. Most scholars say there's Mark,Q,L,M,John and Paul, and that all these are independent. There are quibbles over Q. I don't find it at all likely, or even feasible, that these sources all developed from 1 fake. There doesn't seem to be a good argument for it, and it requires a greater leap of faith than is really warranted.
What you randomly say that sounds better or worse to you is completely irrelevant and is the very definition of faith.
I don't think we can gather any truth from that story at all. As you said, a meeting of 5,000 people would have been impressive in itself, so the number is exaggerated. Naturally there wasn't a food miracle, but even a non-miracle seems implausible.So there are many occasions where we know the NT isn't reliable and yet you're asking us to consider it reliable in other cases. Given some of the whackiness that's in there, I'd consider it unreliable unless proven otherwise.
A gathering of 5,000 would have been a big deal back then (catering provisions notwithstanding). Maybe there's some kind of account in the administrative record of a significant number of people attending a meeting of a charismatic person claiming to be the messiah.
And that which is unimportant surely? Also, on-message truth can still be truth, it's just harder to find good arguments for the pro-jesus stuff because there is a clear motive for exaggeration and fabrication.The primary purpose of the Paris Hilton website is to big up Paris Hilton. The primary purpose of the New Testament is to big up the (then) new cult of Christianity. The only truth that survives is that which is on message.
Correct. It just means that's all we have to work with a lot of the time.Yes, I suppose the only chance would be to unearth some new administrative records from Rome, Egypt, Syria or wherever.
The fact that corroborating sources aren't available doesn't make the current sources any more reliable.
Correct apart from your latter dating. The absolute latest dating for the gospels is early second century, when they start getting cited by the church fathers. Nobody actually argues for that dating either, as the gospels would have needed to have become circulated to a degree, we need a decent amount of time between Mark and Luke, and the development of theology within the books can be compared with the other sources to give us a better dating. The gospels would have been written 30-80 years after the death of Jesus. This is very very good compared to most sources from ancient history.The gospels were written 50-200 years after the event by cult members. Prior to that, presumably the stories were passed on orally.
As I have said. You see what comes up a lot. Check whether it's plausible. Ask what the reason might be for it having been said. The large number of factors involved mean that arguments would often be made on a case by case basis.And what you have been asked for dozens of times is how do you tell them apart?
It does mean that the miracle never happened. The historical method wouldn't exclude her from history... I mean I've been defending the non-exclusion of Jesus from history so this doesn't square very well. In this particular case, it is indeed possible that there's a mundane explanation. This is also possible for the numerous miracle accounts of Jesus. This, and the fact that the account supports the narrative and author's theology, means that we cannot say with any real confidence how the accounts started out.Actually that's BS as well. Audri Santos is considered a modern day saint who cured people and made statues of jesus cry. Sure, we know it's a fake, but your method exclude her entirely from history.
Just because someone reported a miracle doesn't mean the event never happened. It quite possibly happened with mundane explanations.
Because history is not a case of definitively ruling out possibilities, but rather seeing which the evidence supports, and giving it more weight than the others.If you think Paris Hilton may have forged something on her website, how on earth can you possibly take anything in a religious text into acccount?
I've not read any of these books. It depends on how they were written, what their intent was, etc. There is stuff likely to be true in the Koran or Hadith though, or in a devout Mormon's biography of Joseph Smith.Do you think stuff are "likely" to be true in the Book of Mormon? Dyanetics? What the Bleep do we know?
You could extend that to every narrative text full stop.Every known religious text has been filled with lies, falsehoods and delusions that are not based on reality. Therefore, the likely even is that they should NOT be taken into account.
Which claim was it that you want evidence for? Do you not consider it a leap of faith to believe that the 5/6 sources listed originate from one single fake historical text, when there is no good reason to believe this?Again, this statement requires evidence. Do you have any?
What you randomly say that sounds better or worst to you is completely irelavent and is the very definition of faith.
Howso am I cherry-picking? I have acknowledged everything from the likely historical info on John the Baptist to the likely incorrect accounts of the resurrection, and I have given my reasons why I, along with much of modern academia, have come to these sorts of conclusions, and I have noted when some scholarship disagrees with my position...phelix, I apologize for the mis-quote there, where I mis-read your comment. I'll just leave the rest, rather than repeat it. I agree with the following sentiment (sans typos). You're still cherry-picking.