Yes, it's an appeal to authority. But that isn't necessarily a bad thing, let alone a fallacy.
Some confusion here, I think. The appeal to authority is not the same thing as the appeal to the expert. The latter is not a fallacy because it is clear that the expert has the knowledge and evidence to support his opinion. The appeal to authority does not carry that implication; it rests on position rather than superior knowledge
The part I responded to seemed to me to be Jastrow talking about the attitudes of scientists. Being a scientist himself, and having worked with other scientists, he is qualified to give an opinion on that.
No I don't think so, really. He may be qualified, in that he may have discussed these issues with other scientists; and he may be sceptical enough to avoid confirmation bias and other confounding problems. But that is by no means certain. You could ask me what scottish people think about an issue: I have spoken almost exclusively to scottish people most of my life. I haven't a clue what they think about anything they haven't voted on. I am a woman, I talk to a lot of women. I don't know what "women" think, though: the idea that I might is absurd, is it not?
It is true that he may be qualified to say what scientists think in matters which are directly related to his field. Thus he can perhaps say that scientists believe (for now) that there was a beginning to the universe called, amongst other things, the big bang. That is the consensus interpretation of the evidence. Once you move to the impact that makes on scientists - well that phrasing shows what is wrong with it, I think. The impact is not made on scientists - it is made on people. Like everybody else, scientists have views about things outside their field: they have families and culture and ....baggage about covers it. No-one, literally no-one, can see except through their individual prism. This is recognised and it is the reason that experiments must be replicable and must be designed in a way which will reduce the influence of such biases. Science goes to extraordinary lengths to identify sources of such bias, and to control or eliminate them. There is a very good reason for that
As for his opinion not reflecting the consensus, that is for those who disagree with Doc to demonstrate. You can't just point to Jastrow and say "we don't think he's qualified to talk".
I don't think anyone is saying he is not qualified to talk: more that he is not any more qualified to talk about what scientists think than I am about what scottish people think: so long as he is talking about people and their perceptions, and not about cosmology.
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