• Security incident: ISF was recently accessed by intruders. Please change your password, and change it anywhere else you used it. Read more

How To Be A Global Warming Sceptic

Parameters. They take direct measurements. These measurements, of course cannot cover every combination of distance, pressure, temperature, etc. However, they can interpolate the parameters, based on the direct measurements. If you want the raw measurements that are the basis of the database, they will be in there. Read the documentation, they have spent many years measuring gases directly.

Yeah, I'm sure. And, I'm sure the people who plug these "parameters" into computer models take just as great care with their "predictions" and "simulations".

-Dr. Imago
 
One more thing...

These measurements, of course cannot cover every combination of distance, pressure, temperature, etc. However, they can interpolate the parameters, based on the direct measurements.

Do you know what a "triple point" is, AUP? I'll give you a clue. It is the temperature and pressure at which a molecule can exist in all three phases at the same time - gas, liquid, and solid. Every molecule has one.

It is impossible to "interpolate" a triple point based on observations. You can try. But, you actually have to put the substance in the lab and do the experiment if you want to know precisely where the triple point is.

What's my point? Sometimes the proof is in the pudding. You got to put it in a beaker and test it. No amount of "interpolation" will suffice.

-Dr. Imago
 
Yeah, I'm sure. And, I'm sure the people who plug these "parameters" into computer models take just as great care with their "predictions" and "simulations".

-Dr. Imago

You seem to me to be the sort of person who would be a diligent and careful doctor. Why do you not give the same professional consideration to these scientists? Don't forget, the Hitrans database has nothing to do with the IPCC. It was initially set up by the US armed forces to deal with investigations into detecting aircraft, and they needed to know about the IR from the atmosphere. Read their documentation.

http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/hitran/Download/HITRAN04paper.pdf

The HITRAN database is the recognized international standard, used for a vast array of applications including terrestrial atmospheric remote sensing, transmission simulations, fundamental laboratory spectroscopy studies, industrial process monitoring, and pollution regulatory studies. An international HITRAN advisory committee, composed of a dozen experts in the field of spectroscopy, has been established under the auspices of NASA
 
I am. But, I also know my limitations. What interests me most are those who don't.

-Dr. Imago

Have you bothered to read anything about it? They are recognised around the world as the authoritave source of information on their area of specialisation. They have been in the business for about 40 years. They were not created to tell the IPCC what it wanted to hear. I have linked to the history and the latest report. We aren't just talking about one scientist. There is a whole institution. If they are hiding something, you can guarantee there are scientists in other parts of the world who would get a big pat on the back for demonstrating where they are in error. I hope I can assume you would not think they are part of a conspiracy to hide the truth from us?
 
Do you know what a "triple point" is, AUP? I'll give you a clue. It is the temperature and pressure at which a molecule can exist in all three phases at the same time - gas, liquid, and solid. Every molecule has one.

[SIZE=-1]The triple point of carbon dioxide occure at a pressure of 5.2 atm (3952 torr) and 216.6 K (-56.4oC).

Someone out there is way ahead of you. I think that in terms of AGW and the earth's atmosphere, it's a non issue.
[/SIZE]
 
I am. But, I also know my limitations. What interests me most are those who don't.

-Dr. Imago

I stand in awe that you--a layperson--will dismiss world-recognized experts in the field of spectroscopy, yet would be convinced by a high-school level experiment of your design.

Are you truly so entrenched in your ideology, so dismissive of authoritative sources, so utterly intransigent that you are willing to ignore decades of established scientific knowledge because you don't like the idea of AGW?

Didn't the same thing happen to Michael Behe a the Dover, PA trial? After declaring that there was no evidence for the evolution of the immune system by natural selection, he was presented with dozens of peer-reviewed papers and texts that he declared to be "not sufficient."
 
Last edited:
Didn't the same thing happen to Michael Behe a the Dover, PA trial? After declaring that there was no evidence for the evolution of the immune system by natural selection, he was presented with dozens of peer-reviewed papers and texts that he declared to be "not sufficient."

Straw man. And irrelevant to this discussion.

I have, again and repeatedly, called into question the use of "speculation" in any shape and form it takes. You "warmers" love to twist that into a "belief" that I'm completely discounting the scientific process and the value of expert opinion - all science and expert opinion.

All I have done, well within my right, is to critique and point out the limitations of the current knowledge base. Nothing more. And, that is interpreted speciously as a wholehearted rejection of anything that you believe I may or may not happen to agree with. How intellectually dishonest, self-serving, and convenient of you. I have never outright rejected any AGW claims and I challenge you to show me anywhere I've posted on this topic that I have. But, I have not accepted them either.

If you build-up a discipline around mainly suppositions and projections - on subject matter where no clear cause-effect relationship has been proven - you will start to begin to see circular references and additional "layering" of concepts based on previously accepted and unquestioned concepts. This happens all the time in medical science, and sometimes it takes years for previously held notions to be realized for the folly that they were.

Occassionally, it is time to go back to fundamentals and revisit the basics, especially when the actual mechanisms (which have been freely admitted on this very thread) are yet to be fully elucidated in what everyone (who has a shred of intellectual honesty) will admit is a complex system that is not fully understood. Sometimes it is worthwhile to ask the simple question and get back to basics.

The HITRAN website itself is quite clear that they are making "logical leaps". And, the purpose of this database is to be used as a reference for computer models. It is not a hidden part of that website. They are quite clear and upfront about that. I've pointed that out enough on this thread with appropriate links.

Lastly, I am not a layperson. I am a physician and medical scientist who is quite aware of and has published in the peer-review process. I am fully aware of the limitations of the often "rubber stamp" of peer-review. I question everything. Just because it's peer-reviewed and published does not mean it's relevant. That is a lesson that every qualified physician knows and takes into practice everyday. While we usually agree on general principles, there is often a wide body of interpretation in what's best in individual circumstances and often conflicting data regarding the same. That's when you rely on your training and common sense to develop the best course of action. Take the case of Trasylol, which has gotten so much press recently. I will tell you that the drug continues to be used on a daily basis and is saving lives during cardiac surgery, much as bad science and innuendo has tried to indict and bury it. A lot of lawyers stand to gain a lot of money if bad science wins. Why should this area of endeavor be any different? I don't inherently trust a priori anything being produced by the AGW machine.

What I do see here is a lot of layman, like yourself, who don't understand how this process works and make a lot of assumptions that because some regal guard has published or amassed a body of work - and the so-called experts seem to agree (which is arguable in this case) - that it is therefore beyond reproach. You all need to learn to be a little more skeptical.

So, don't try to lecture me about intransigence and ideology. You are pointing a finger at me but you're pointing three back at yourself, my friend.

-Dr. Imago
 
Last edited:
Straw man. And irrelevant to this discussion.

I have, again and repeatedly, called into question the use of "speculation" in any shape and form it takes. You "warmers" love to twist that into a "belief" that I'm completely discounting the scientific process and the value of expert opinion - all science and expert opinion.

All I have done, well within my right, is to critique and point out the limitations of the current knowledge base. Nothing more. And, that is interpreted speciously as a wholehearted rejection of anything that you believe I may or may not happen to agree with. How intellectually dishonest, self-serving, and convenient of you. I have never outright rejected any AGW claims and I challenge you to show me anywhere I've posted on this topic that I have. But, I have not accepted them either.

If you build-up a discipline around mainly suppositions and projections - on subject matter where no clear cause-effect relationship has been proven - you will start to begin to see circular references and additional "layering" of concepts based on previously accepted and unquestioned concepts. This happens all the time in medical science, and sometimes it takes years for previously held notions to be realized for the folly that they were.

Occassionally, it is time to go back to fundamentals and revisit the basics, especially when the actual mechanisms (which have been freely admitted on this very thread) are yet to be fully elucidated in what everyone (who has a shred of intellectual honesty) will admit is a complex system that is not fully understood. Sometimes it is worthwhile to ask the simple question and get back to basics.

The HITRAN website itself is quite clear that they are making "logical leaps". And, the purpose of this database is to be used as a reference for computer models. It is not a hidden part of that website. They are quite clear and upfront about that. I've pointed that out enough on this thread with appropriate links.

Lastly, I am not a layperson. I am a physician and medical scientist who is quite aware of and has published in the peer-review process. I am fully aware of the limitations of the often "rubber stamp" of peer-review. I question everything. Just because it's peer-reviewed and published does not mean it's relevant. That is a lesson that every qualified physician knows and takes into practice everyday. While we usually agree on general principles, there is often a wide body of interpretation in what's best in individual circumstances and often conflicting data regarding the same. That's when you rely on your training and common sense to develop the best course of action. Take the case of Trasylol, which has gotten so much press recently. I will tell you that the drug continues to be used on a daily basis and is saving lives during cardiac surgery, much as bad science and innuendo has tried to indict and bury it. A lot of lawyers stand to gain a lot of money if bad science wins. Why should this area of endeavor be any different? I don't inherently trust a priori anything being produced by the AGW machine.

What I do see here is a lot of layman, like yourself, who don't understand how this process works and make a lot of assumptions that because some regal guard has published or amassed a body of work - and the so-called experts seem to agree (which is arguable in this case) - that it is therefore beyond reproach. You all need to learn to be a little more skeptical.

So, don't try to lecture me about intransigence and ideology. You are pointing a finger at me but you're pointing three back at yourself, my friend.

-Dr. Imago

I must say, in reference to to topic for this thread, you have picked the perfect place to make your stand on this aspect of AGW. Arguing the way you have in the face of well established and accepted science, by a person who claims to be well educated and scientifically literate, that black is white, is very instructive. It is interesting to see a mind at work at this process.
 
Straw man. And irrelevant to this discussion.

I have, again and repeatedly, called into question the use of "speculation" in any shape and form it takes. You "warmers" love to twist that into a "belief" that I'm completely discounting the scientific process and the value of expert opinion - all science and expert opinion.

All I have done, well within my right, is to critique and point out the limitations of the current knowledge base. Nothing more. And, that is interpreted speciously as a wholehearted rejection of anything that you believe I may or may not happen to agree with. How intellectually dishonest, self-serving, and convenient of you. I have never outright rejected any AGW claims and I challenge you to show me anywhere I've posted on this topic that I have. But, I have not accepted them either.

If you build-up a discipline around mainly suppositions and projections - on subject matter where no clear cause-effect relationship has been proven - you will start to begin to see circular references and additional "layering" of concepts based on previously accepted and unquestioned concepts. This happens all the time in medical science, and sometimes it takes years for previously held notions to be realized for the folly that they were.

You have been told already, this database is 40 years old. Are you seriously trying to say they still haven't worked out what the spectral response of CO2 is?

Occassionally, it is time to go back to fundamentals and revisit the basics, especially when the actual mechanisms (which have been freely admitted on this very thread) are yet to be fully elucidated in what everyone (who has a shred of intellectual honesty) will admit is a complex system that is not fully understood. Sometimes it is worthwhile to ask the simple question and get back to basics.
You won't even settle on a very simple, single, point. What is the spectral response of CO2? We don't know. Why? Because we can't know. Why? *use of "speculation"*. Look at the list of references attached at the end of this. Everyone of those scientists is too stupid, ignorant, lazy or easily lead to understand what you alone know. Amazing.

The HITRAN website itself is quite clear that they are making "logical leaps". And, the purpose of this database is to be used as a reference for computer models. It is not a hidden part of that website. They are quite clear and upfront about that. I've pointed that out enough on this thread with appropriate links.
"Logical Leaps" Find me where they use that phrase in their documents.

Lastly, I am not a layperson. I am a physician and medical scientist who is quite aware of and has published in the peer-review process. I am fully aware of the limitations of the often "rubber stamp" of peer-review. I question everything. Just because it's peer-reviewed and published does not mean it's relevant. That is a lesson that every qualified physician knows and takes into practice everyday. While we usually agree on general principles, there is often a wide body of interpretation in what's best in individual circumstances and often conflicting data regarding the same. That's when you rely on your training and common sense to develop the best course of action. Take the case of Trasylol, which has gotten so much press recently. I will tell you that the drug continues to be used on a daily basis and is saving lives during cardiac surgery, much as bad science and innuendo has tried to indict and bury it. A lot of lawyers stand to gain a lot of money if bad science wins. Why should this area of endeavor be any different? I don't inherently trust a priori anything being produced by the AGW machine.

What I do see here is a lot of layman, like yourself, who don't understand how this process works and make a lot of assumptions that because some regal guard has published or amassed a body of work - and the so-called experts seem to agree (which is arguable in this case) - that it is therefore beyond reproach. You all need to learn to be a little more skeptical.
Let me see. There is a list of 204 references at the end of the report. Who do I believe? How do I know it's not all just a pathetic, rubber stamping sham? I am just a layman, but should I go with a hundreds of scientists who specialise in this area, or an MD who did some university physics years ago. I am pretty stupid, (being a layman) but I'll go with the specialists. Sorry. (I won't, however, see any of these people if I have a medical problem.)

Here is the list of the "regal guard" used as references for the latest HITRAN report.

References
[1] Rothman LS, Barbe A, Benner DC, Brown LR, Camy-Peyret C, Carleer MR, Chance KV, Clerbaux C, Dana V,
Devi VM, Fayt A, Flaud JM, Gamache RR, Goldman A, Jacquemart D, Jucks KW, Lafferty WJ, Mandin JY,
Massie ST, Nemtchinov V, Newnham D, Perrin A, Rinsland CP, Schroeder J, Smith K, Smith MAH, Tang K,
Toth RA, Vander Auwera J, Varanasi P, Yoshino K. The HITRAN molecular spectroscopic database: edition of
2000 including updates through 2001. JQSRT 2003;82:5–44.
[2] Rothman LS, Gamache RR, Goldman A, Brown LR, Toth RA, Pickett HM, Poynter RL, Flaud JM, Camy-
Peyret C, Barbe A, Husson H, Rinsland CP, Smith MAH. The HITRAN database: 1986 edition. Appl Opt
1987;26:4058–97.
[3] Sˇ imecˇ kova´ M, Jacquemart D, Rothman LS, Gamache RR, Goldman A. Einstein A-coefficients and statistical
weights for molecular transitions in the HITRAN database. JQSRT, to appear.
[4] Herzberg G. Molecular spectra and molecular structure, II. Infrared and Raman spectra of polyatomic molecules.
Princeton: D Van Nostrand; 1945.
[5] Rothman LS, Young LDG. Infrared energy levels and intensities of carbon dioxide—II. JQSRT 1981;25:
505–24.
[6] Jacquemart D, Mandin JY, Dana V, Claveau C, Vander Auwera J, Herman M, Rothman LS, Re´ galia-
Jarlot L, Barbe A. The IR acetylene spectrum in HITRAN: update and new results. JQSRT 2003;82:
363–82.
[7] Perrin A, Flaud JM, Camy-Peyret C, Schermaul R, Winnewisser M, Mandin JY, Dana V, Badaoui M, Koput J.
Line intensities in the far-infrared spectrum of H2O2. J Mol Spectrosc 1996;176:287–96.
[8] Klee S, Winnewisser M, Perrin A, Flaud JM. Absolute line intensities for the n6 band of H2O2. J Mol Spectrosc
1999;195:154–61.
[9] Brown LR, Benner DC, Champion JP, Devi VM, Fejard L, Gamache RR, Gabard T, Hilico JC, Lavorel B, Loe¨ te
M, Mellau GC, Nikitin A, Pine AS, Predoi-Cross A, Rinsland CP, Robert O, Sams RL, Smith MAH, Tashkun
SA, Tyuterev VG. Methane line parameters in HITRAN. JQSRT 2003;82:219–38.
[10] Tarrago G, Dang Nhu M. Ground state rotational energies of C3v quasi-spherical top molecules: applications to
16OPF3 and PH3. J Mol Spectrosc 1985;111:425–39.
[11] Tarrago G, Delaveau M. Triad vnðA1Þ; vtðEÞ; vt0 ðEÞ in C3v molecules: energy and intensity formulation (computers
programs). J Mol Spectrosc 1986;119:418–25.
[12] Ramsay DA, Rostas J, Zare RN. The labeling of parity doublet levels in linear molecules. J Mol Spectrosc
1975;55:500–3.
[13] Champion JP, Loe¨ te M, Pierre G. Spherical top spectra. In: Rao KN, Weber A, editors. Spectroscopy of the
Earth’s atmosphere and interstellar medium. USA: Academic Press; 1992.
[14] Perrin A, Flaud JM, Goldman A, Camy-Peyret C, Lafferty WJ, Arcas Ph, Rinsland CP. NO2 and SO2 line
parameters: 1996 HITRAN update and new results. JQSRT 1998;60:839–50.
[15] Pickett HM, Poynter RL, Cohen EA, Delitsky ML, Pearson JC, Mu¨ ller HSP. Submillimeter, millimeter, and
microwave spectral line catalog. JQSRT 1998;60:883–90.
[16] Toth RA. Transition frequencies and absolute strengths of H2
17O and H2
18O in the 6.2-mm region. J Opt Soc Am B
1992;9:462–82.
[17] Pearson JC. Private communication. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena CA, USA. 1999.
[18] Coudert LH. Line frequency and line intensity analyses of water vapour. Mol Phys 1999;96:941–54.
[19] Lanquetin R, Coudert LH, Camy-Peyret C. High-lying rotational levels of water: an analysis of the energy levels
of the five first vibrational states. J Mol Spec 2001;206:83–103.
[20] Flaud JM, Piccolo C, Carli B, Perrin A, Coudert LH, Teffo JL, Brown LR. Molecular line parameters for the
MIPAS (Michelson interferometer for passive atmospheric sounding) experiment. Atmos Ocean Opt
2003;16:172–81.
[21] Rothman LS. AFGL atmospheric absorption line parameters compilation: 1980 version. Appl Opt
1981;20:791–5.
[22] Toth RA. Linelists of water vapor parameters from 500 to 8000 cm1, see http://mark4sun.jpl.nasa.gov.data/spec/
H2O/
ARTICLE IN PRESS
196 L.S. Rothman et al. / Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer 96 (2005) 139–204
[23] Camy-Peyret C, Flaud JM, Mandin JY, Bykov A, Naumenko O, Sinitsa L, Voronin B. Fourier-transform
absorption spectrum of the H2
17O molecule in the 9711–11335 cm1 spectral region: the first decade of resonating
states. JQSRT 1999;61:795–812.
[24] Tanaka M, Naumenko O, Brault JW, Tennyson J. Absorption spectrum of H2
17O and H2
18O in the near-infrared
and visible. J Mol Spectrosc 2005, in press.
[25] Tanaka M, Brault JW, Tennyson J. Absorption spectrum of H2
18O in the 12,400–14; 520 cm1 range. J Mol
Spectrosc 2002;216:77–80.
[26] Schermaul R, Brault JW, Canas AAD, Learner RCM, Polyansky OL, Zobov NF, Belmiloud D, Tennyson
J. Weak line water vapour spectrum in the regions 13,200–15; 000cm1. J Mol Spectrosc 2002;211:169–78.
[27] Me´ rienne MF, Jenouvrier A, Hermans C, Vandaele AC, Carleer M, Clerbaux C, Coheur PF, Colin R, Fally S,
Bach M. Water vapor line parameters in the 13000–9250 cm1 region. JQSRT 2003;82:99–117.
[28] Coheur PF, Fally S, Carleer M, Clerbaux C, Colin R, Jenouvrier A, Me´ rienne MF, Hermans C, Vandaele AC.
New water vapor line parameters in the 26000–13000 cm1 region. JQSRT 2002;74:493–510.
[29] Tolchenov RN, Zobov NF, Polyansky OL, Tennyson J, Naumenko O, Carleer M, Coheur PF, Fally S, Clerbaux
C, Jenouvrier A, Vandaele AC. Water vapor line assignments in the 9250–26000 cm1 frequency range. J Mol
Spectrosc 2005, in press.
[30] Gamache RR, Hartmann JM. An intercomparison of measured pressure-broadening and pressure-shifting
parameters of water vapor. Can J Chem 2004;82:1013–27.
[31] Robert D, Bonamy J. Short range force effects in semiclassical molecular line broadening calculations. J Phys
1979;40:923–43.
[32] Gamache RR, Fischer J. Calculated halfwidths and lineshifts of water-vapor transitions in the 0:7 mm region and
a comparison with published data. J Mol Spectrosc 2001;207:254–62.
[33] Gamache RR, Fischer J. Half-widths of H2
16O, H2
18O, H2
17O, HD16O, and D2
16O: I Comparison between
isotopomers. JQSRT 2003;78:289–304.
[34] Gamache RR, Fischer J. Half-widths of H2
16O, H2
18O, H2
17O, HD16O and D2
16O: II Comparison with
measurement. JQSRT 2003;78:305–18.
[35] Gamache RR. Line shape parameters for water vapor in the 3.2–17:76 mm region for atmospheric applications. J
Mol Spectrosc 2005;229:9–18.
[36] Gamache RR, Hartmann JM. Collisional parameters of H2O lines: effects of vibration. JQSRT 2004;83:
119–47.
[37] Jacquemart D, Gamache RR, Rothman LS. Semi-empirical calculation of air-broadened half-widths and
air pressure-induced frequency shifts of water-vapor absorption lines. JQRST, this issue, doi:10.1016/
j.jqsrt.2004.11.018
[38] Zou Q, Varanasi P. Laboratory measurement of the spectroscopic line parameters of water vapor in the 610–2100
and 3000–4050 cm1 regions at lower-tropospheric temperatures. JQSRT 2003;82:45–98.
[39] Brown LR, Toth RA, Dulick M. Empirical line parameters of H2
16O near 0:94 mm: positions, intensities and airbroadening
coefficients. J Mol Spectrosc 2002;212:57–82.
[40] Toth RA, Brown LR, Smith MAH, Malathy Devi V, Benner DC, Dulick M. Temperature dependence of airbroadened
line widths and shifts of water at 6 mm. 58th International Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy,
Ohio State University, June 16–20, 2003 (Paper TA01, p. 110).
[41] Tashkun SA, Perevalov VI, Teffo JL, Bykov AD, Lavrentieva NN. CDSD-296, the carbon dioxide spectroscopic
databank: version for atmospheric applications. XIV Symposium on High Resolution Molecular Spectroscopy,
Krasnoyarsk, Russia, July 6–11, 2003. See also ftp://ftp.iao.ru/pub/CDSD-296/.
[42] Wattson RB, Rothman LS. Direct numerical diagonalization: wave of the future. JQSRT 1992;48:763–80.
[43] Rothman LS, Hawkins RL, Wattson RB, Gamache RR. Energy levels, intensities and linewidths of atmospheric
carbon dioxide bands. JQSRT 1992;48:537–66.
[44] Miller CE, Brown LR. Near infrared spectroscopy of carbon dioxide I. 16O12C16O line positions. J Mol Spectrosc
2004;228:329–54.
[45] Rothman LS, Gamache RR, Tipping RH, Rinsland CP, Smith MAH, Benner DC, Devi VM, Flaud JM, Camy-
Peyret C, Perrin A, Goldman A, Massie ST, Brown LR, Toth RA. The HITRAN molecular database: editions of
1991 and 1992. JQSRT 1992;48:469–507.
ARTICLE IN PRESS
L.S. Rothman et al. / Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer 96 (2005) 139–204 197
[46] Mandin JY. Interpretation of the CO2 absorption bands observed in the venus infrared spectrum between 1 and
2:5 mm. J Mol Spectrosc 1977;67:304–21.
[47] Rothman LS, Benedict WS. Infrared energy levels and intensities of carbon dioxide. Appl Opt 1978;17:
2605–11.
[48] Goldman A, Stephen TM, Rothman LS, Giver LP, Mandin JY, Gamache RR, Rinsland CP, Murcray FJ. The
1-mm CO2 bands and the O2 (0-1) X3Sg a1Dg and (1-0) X3Sg b1Sg bands in the earth atmosphere. JQSRT
2003;82:197–206.
[49] Ding Y, Bertseva E, Campargue A. The 2n1 þ 3n3 triad of 12CO2. J Mol Spectrosc 2002;212:219–22.
[50] Benner DC. Private communication. College of William and Mary, Williamsburg VA, USA, 2003.
[51] Claveau C, Teffo JL, Hurtmans D, Valentin A, Gamache RR. Line positions and absolute intensities in the laser
bands of carbon-12 oxygen-17 isotopic species of carbon dioxide. J Mol Spectrosc 1999;193:15–32.
[52] Mandin JY, Dana V, Allout JY, Re´ galia L, Barbe A, Plateaux JJ. Line intensities and self-broadening coefficients
in the 10012-10001 band of 12C16O2 centered at 2224:657cm1. J Mol Spectrosc 1995;170:604–7.
[53] Claveau C, Teffo JL, Hurtmans D, Valentin A. Infrared fundamental and first hot bands of O12C17O isotopic
variants of carbon dioxide. J Mol Spectrosc 1998;189:153–95.
[54] Teffo JL, Claveau C, Kou Q, Guelachvili G, Ubelmann A, Perevalov VI, Tashkun SA. Line intensities of 12C16O2
in the 1.2–1:4 mm spectral region. J Mol Spectrosc 2000;201:249–55.
[55] Teffo JL, Claveau C, Valentin A. Infrared fundamental bands of O13C17O isotopic variants of carbon dioxide.
JQSRT 1998;59:151–64.
[56] Henningsen J, Simonsen H. The (2201-0000) band of CO2 at 6348 cm1: linestrengths, broadening parameters, and
pressure shifts. J Mol Spectrosc 2000;203:16–27.
[57] Kshirsagar RJ, Giver LP, Chackerian C, Brown LR. The rovibrational intensities of the 2n3 band of 16O12C18O at
4639cm1. JQSRT 1999;61:695–701.
[58] Kshirsagar RJ, Giver LP, Chackerian C. Rovibrational intensities of the ð0003Þ ð1000Þ dyad absorption bands
of 12C16O2. J Mol Spectrosc 2000;199:230–5.
[59] Giver LP, Brown LR, Chackerian C, Freedman RS. The rovibrational intensities of five bands of 12C16O2 between
5218 and 5349 cm1. JQSRT 2003;78:417–36.
[60] Devi VM, Benner DC, Rinsland CP, Smith MAH. Absolute rovibrational intensities of 12C16O2 absorption bands
in the 3090–3850 cm1 spectral region. JQSRT 1998;60:741–70.
[61] Campargue A, Charvat A, Permogorov D. Absolute intensity measurement of CO2 overtone transitions in the
near-infrared. Chem Phys Lett 1994;223:567–72.
[62] Lucchesini A. Private communication, IPCF, Pisa, Italy, 2004.
[63] Campargue A, Bailly D, Teffo JL, Tashkun SA, Perevalov VI. The n1 þ 5n3 dyad of 12CO2 and 13CO2. J Mol Spec
1999;193:204–12.
[64] Devi VM, Benner DC, Smith MAH, Rinsland CP. Air- and N2-broadening coefficients and pressure-shift
coefficients in the 12C16O2 laser bands. JQSRT 1998;59:137–49.
[65] Miller CE, Montgomery MA, Onorato RM, Johnstone C, McNicholas TP, Kovaric B, Brown LR. Near infrared
spectroscopy of carbon dioxide II. 16O13C16O and 16O13C18O line positions. J Mol Spectrosc 2004;228:355–74.
[66] Rodrigues R, Jucks KW, Lacome N, Blanquet G, Walrand J, Traub WA, Khalil B, Le Doucen R, Valentin A,
Camy-Peyret C, Bonamy L, Hartmann JM. Model, software, and database for computation of line-mixing effects
in infrared Q-branches of atmospheric CO2: I. Symmetric isotopomers. JQSRT 1999;61:153–84.
[67] Jucks KW, Rodrigues R, Le Doucen R, Claveau C, Traub WA, Hartmann JM. Model, software, and database
for computation of line-mixing effects in infrared Q-branches of atmospheric CO2: II. Minor and asymmetric
isotopomers. JQSRT 1999;63:31–48.
[68] Wagner G, Birk M, Schreier F, Flaud JM. Spectroscopic database for ozone in the fundamental spectral regions.
J Geophys Res 2002;107:D22.
[69] Mikhailenko S. Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Tomsk, Russia, private communication (2002), using calculation
based on Mikhailenko S, Barbe A, Plateaux JJ, Tyuterev VG. New analysis of 2n1 þ n2; n1 þ n2 þ n3, and n2 þ 2n3
bands of ozone in the 2600–2900 cm1 region. J Mol Spectrosc 1999;196:93–101;
Flaud JM, Camy-Peyret C, Devi VM, Rinsland CP, Smith MAH. The n1 and n3 bands of 16O3 line positions and
intensities. J Mol Spectrosc 1987;124:209–17;
ARTICLE IN PRESS
198 L.S. Rothman et al. / Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer 96 (2005) 139–204
Flaud JM, Camy-Peyret C, Rinsland CP, Smith MAH, Devi VM. Line parameters of 16O3 in the 7-mm region. J
Mol Spectrosc 1989;134:106–12.
[70] Flaud JM, Wagner G, Birk M, Camy-Peyret C, Debacker-Barilly MR, Barbe A, Piccollo C. Ozone absorption
around 10 mm. J Geophys Res 2003;108(D9) doi:10.1029/2002JD002755.
[71] Devi VM, Benner DC, Smith MAH, Rinsland CP. Air-broadening and shift coefficients of O3 lines in the n2 band
and their temperature dependence. J Mol Spectrosc 1997;182:221–38.
[72] Smith MAH, Devi VM, Benner DC, Rinsland CP. Temperature dependence of air-broadening and shift
coefficients of O3 lines in the n1 band. J Mol Spectrosc 1997;182:239–59.
[73] Smith MAH. Characterization of line broadening and shift parameters of ozone for spectroscopic databases. 56th
International symposium on molecular spectroscopy, Ohio State University, June 11–15, 2001 (Paper ME03);
Smith MAH. Infrared spectroscopic parameters of ozone and other atmospheric gases. NASA workshop on
laboratory spectroscopic needs for atmospheric sensing, San Diego, California, October 22–26, 2001.
[74] Smith MAH, Rinsland CP, Devi VM. Measurements of self-broadening of infrared absorption lines of ozone.
J Mol Spectrosc 1991;147:142–54.
[75] Drouin BJ, Fischer J, Gamache RR. Temperature dependent pressure induced lineshape of O3 rotational
transitions in air. JQSRT 2004;83:63–81.
[76] Smith MAH, Rinsland CP, Devi VM, Prochaska ES. Measurements of pressure broadening and shifts of O3 lines
in the 3-mm region. J Mol Spectrosc 1994;164:239–59.
[77] Smith MAH, Rinsland CP, Devi VM, Prochaska ES. Erratum: measurements of pressure broadening and shifts
of O3 lines in the 3-mm region. J Mol Spectrosc 1994;165:596.
[78] Toth RA. Linelist of N2O parameters from 500 to 7500 cm1, see http://mark4sun.jpl.nasa.gov.data/spec/N2O/.
[79] Johns JWC, Lu Z, Weber M, Sirota JM, Reuter DC. Absolute intensities in the n2 fundamental of N2O at 17mm.
J Mol Spectrosc 1996;177:203–10.
[80] Daumont L, Claveau C, Debacker-Barilly MR, Hamdouni A, Re´ galia-Jarlot L, Teffo JL, Tashkun S, Perevalov
VI. Line intensities of 14N2
16O: the 10 micrometer region revisited. JQSRT 2002;72:37–55.
[81] Lyulin OM, Perevalov V, Teffo JL. Effective dipole moment and band intensities of nitrous oxide. J Mol
Spectrosc 1995;174:566–80.
[82] Toth RA. Line strengths (900–3600cm1) self-broadened linewidths and frequency shifts (1800–2660 cm1) of
N2O. Appl Opt 1993;32:7326–65.
[83] Daumont L, Vander Auwera J, Teffo JL, Perevalov V, Tashkun SA. Line intensity measurements in 14N2
16O and
their treatment using the effective dipole moment approach: I. the 4300- to 5200-cm1 region. J Mol Spectrosc
2001;208:281–91.
[84] Toth RA. Line positions and strengths of N2O between 3515 and 7800 cm1. J Mol Spectrosc 1999;197:
158–87.
[85] Toth RA. N2 and air-broadened linewidths and frequency-shifts of N2O. JQSRT 2000;66:285–304.
[86] Lacome N, Levy A, Guelachvili G. Fourier transform measurement of self-, N2, and O2 broadening of N2O
lines: temperature dependence of linewidths. Appl Opt 1984;23:425–34.
[87] Nemtchinov V, Sun C, Varanasi P. Measurements of line intensities and line widths in the n3-fundamental band of
nitrous oxide at atmospheric temperatures. JQSRT 2003;83:267–84.
[88] Brault JW, Brown LR, Chackerian C, Freedman R, Predoi-Cross A, Pine AS. Self-broadened 12C16O line shapes
in the v ¼ 2 0 band. J Mol Spectrosc 2003;222:220–39.
[89] Zou Q, Varanasi P. New laboratory data on the spectral line parameters in the 1-0 and 2-0 bands of 12C16O
relevant to atmospheric remote sensing. JQSRT 2002;75:63–92.
[90] Devi VM, Benner DC, Smith MAH, Rinsland CP, Mantz AW. Determination of self- and H2-broadening and
shift coefficients in the 2-0 band of 12C16O using a multispectrum fitting procedure. JQSRT 2002;75:455–71.
[91] Fukabori M, Aoki TA, Aoki TE, Ishida H, Watanabe T. Measurements of the line strengths and halfwidths of
the (2-0) and (3-0) band of CO. Proceedings of the fifth HITRAN database conference, 23–25 September 1998.
[92] Picque´ N, Guelachvili G, Dana V, Mandin JY. Absolute line intensities, vibrational transition moment, and selfbroadening
coefficients for the 3-0 band of 12C16O. J Mol Struct 2000;517-8:427–34.
[93] Chackerian C, Freedman RS, Giver LP, Brown LR. Absolute rovibrational intensities and self-broadening and
self-shift coefficients for the X1Sþ V ¼ 3 V ¼ 0 band of 12C16O. J Mol Spectrosc 2001;210:119–26.
ARTICLE IN PRESS
L.S. Rothman et al. / Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer 96 (2005) 139–204 199
[94] Sung K, Varanasi P. Intensities, collision-broadened half-width, and collision-induced line shifts in the second
overtone band of 12C16O. JQSRT 2004;82:445–58.
[95] Re´ galia-Jarlot L, Thomas X, Von der Heyden P, Barbe A. Pressure-broadened line widths and pressure-induced
line shifts coefficients of the (1-0) and (2-0) bands of 12C16O. JQSRT 2005;91:121–31.
[96] Smith MAH, Brown LR, Devi VM, Pittman TJ. CO broadening and shift parameters for TES. Proceedings of the
eighth HITRAN database conference, Cambridge, MA, June 15–18. 2004.
[97] Connor BJ, Radford HE. Pressure broadening of the CO J ¼ 1 0 rotational transition by N2; O2 and air. J Mol
Spectrosc 1986;119:229–31.
[98] Predoi-Cross A, Bouanich JP, Benner DC, May AD, Drummond JR. Broadening, shifting, and line asymmetries
in the 2 0 band of CO and CO–N2: experimental results and theoretical calculations. J Chem Phys
2000;113:1–11.
[99] Henningsen J, Simonsen H, Møgelberg T, Trudsø E. The 0 !3 overtone band of CO: precise linestrengths and
broadening parameters. J Mol Spectrosc 1999;193:354–62.
[100] Swann WC, Gilbert SL. Pressure-induced shift and broadening of 1560–1630-nm carbon monoxide wavelengthcalibration
lines. J Opt Soc Am B 2002;19:2461–7.
[101] Jacquemart D, Mandin JY, Dana V, Picque´ N, Guelachvili G. A multispectrum fitting procedure to deduce
molecular line parameters: application to the 3-0 band of 12C16O. Eur Phys J D 2001;14:55–69.
[102] Devi VM, Benner DC, Smith MAH, Rinsland CP. Self-broadening and self-shift coefficients in the fundamental
band of 12C16O. JQSRT 1998;60:815–24.
[103] Sun JNP, Griffiths PR. Temperature dependence of the self-broadening coefficients for the fundamental band of
carbon monoxide. Appl Opt 1981;20:1691–5.
[104] Nakazawa T, Tanaka M. Measurements of intensities and self- and foreign-gas-broadened half-widths of spectral
lines in the CO fundamental band. JQSRT 1982;28:409–16.
[105] Lowder JE. Self-broadened half-width measurements in the CO fundamental. JQSRT 1971;11:1647–57.
[106] Hunt RH, Toth RA, Plyler EK. High-resolution determination of the line widths of the self-broadened lines of
carbon monoxide. J Chem Phys 1968;49:3909–12.
[107] BelBruno JJ, Gelfand J, Radigan W, Verges K. Helium and self-broadening in the first and second overtone
bands of 12C16O. J Mol Spectrosc 1982;94:336–42.
[108] Brown LR. Empirical line parameters of methane from 1.1 to 2.1 mm. JQSRT this issue, doi:10.1016/
j.jqsrt.2004.12.037.
[109] Camy-Peyret C, LPMA, Paris, France, private communication based on Camy-Peyret C, Payan S, Jeseck P, Te´
Y, Hawat T. High resolution balloon-borne spectroscopy within the O2 A-band: observations and radiative
transfer modeling. Paper E4, Proceedings of the international radiation symposium, Saint Petersburg, Russia,
2000.
[110] Goldman A, Brown LR, Schoenfeld WG, Spencer MN, Chackerian Jr C, Giver LP, Dothe H, Rinsland CP,
Coudert LH, Dana V, Mandin JY. Nitric oxide line parameters: review of 1996 HITRAN update and new results.
JQSRT 1998;60:825–38.
[111] Gillis JR, Goldman A. Nitric oxide IR line parameters for the upper atmosphere. Appl Opt 1982;21:
1616–27.
[112] Chackerian C, Freedman RS, Giver LP, Brown LR. The NO vibrational fundamental band: O2-broadening
coefficients. J Mol Spectrosc 1998;192:215–9.
[113] Spencer MN, Chackerian C, Giver LP, Brown LR. The nitric oxide fundamental band: frequency and shape
parameters for ro-vibrational lines. J Mol Spectrosc 1994;165:506–24.
[114] Allout MY, Dana V, Mandin JY, Von der Heyden P, De´ catoire D, Plateaux JJ. Oxygen-broadening coefficients
of first overtone nitric oxide lines. JQSRT 1999;61:759–65.
[115] Mandin JY, Dana V, Re´ galia L, Thomas X, Barbe A. Nitrogen-broadening in the nitric oxide first overtone band.
JQSRT 2000;66:93–100.
[116] Pine AS, Maki AG, Chou NY. Pressure broadening lineshapes and intensity measurements in the 2 0 band of
NO. J Mol Spectrosc 1985;114:132–47.
[117] Spencer MN, Chackerian C, Giver LP, Brown LR. Temperature dependence of nitrogen broadening of the NO
fundamental vibrational band. J Mol Spectrosc 1997;181:307–15.
ARTICLE IN PRESS
200 L.S. Rothman et al. / Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer 96 (2005) 139–204
[118] Pine AS, Johns JWC, Robiette AG. L-Doubling in the v ¼ 2 0 overtone band in the infrared spectrum of NO.
J Mol Spectrosc 1979;74:52–69.
[119] Chu PM, Wetzel SJ, Lafferty WJ, Perrin A, Flaud JM, Arcas Ph, Guelachvili G. Line intensities for the 8-mm
bands of SO2. J Mol Spectrosc 1998;189:55–63.
[120] Sumpf B. Line intensity and self-broadening investigations in the n1 and the n3 bands of SO2. J Mol Struct
2001;599:39–49.
[121] Henningsen J. Private communication. Danish Institute for Fundamental Metrology, Lyngby, Denmark, 2004.
[122] Benner DC, Blake TA, Brown LR, Devi VM, Smith MAH, Toth RA. Air-broadening parameters in the n3 band
of 14N16O2 using a multispectrum fitting technique. J Mol Spectrosc 2004;228:593–619.
[123] Kleiner I, Tarrago G, Cottaz C, Sagui L, Brown LR, Poynter RL, Pickett HM, Chen P, Pearson JC, Sams RL,
Blake GA, Matsuura S, Nemtchinov V, Varanasi P, Fusina L, Di Lonardo G. NH3 and PH3 line parameters: the
2000 HITRAN update and new results. JQSRT 2003;82:293–312.
[124] Zu L, Hamilton PA, Davies PB. Pressure broadening and frequency measurements of nitric acid lines in the
683GHz region. JQSRT 2002;73:545–56.
[125] Petkie DT, Helminger P, Winnewisser BP, Winnewisser M, Butler RAH, Jucks KW, De Lucia FC. The
simulation of infrared bands from the analyses of rotational spectra: the 2n9 n9 and n5 n9 hot bands of HNO3.
JQSRT 2005;92:129–41.
[126] Toth RA, Brown LR, Cohen EA. Line intensities of HNO3. J Mol Spectrosc 2003;218:151–68.
[127] Rothman LS, Rinsland CP, Goldman A, Massie ST, Edwards DP, Flaud JM, Perrin A, Camy-Peyret C, Dana V,
Mandin JY, Schroeder J, McCann A, Gamache RR, Wattson RB, Yoshino K, Chance KV, Jucks KW, Brown
LR, Nemtchinov V, Varanasi P. The HITRAN molecular spectroscopic database and HAWKS (HITRAN
atmospheric workstation): 1996 edition. JQSRT 1998;60:665–710.
[128] Goldman A, Rinsland CP, Perrin A, Flaud JM. HNO3 Line parameters: 1996 HITRAN update and new results.
JQSRT 1998;60:851–61.
[129] Perrin A, Flaud JM, Camy-Peyret C, Winnewisser BP, Klee S, Goldman A, Murcray FJ, Blatherwick RD,
Bonomo FS, Murcray DG. First analysis of the 3n9 n9; 3n9 n5 and 3n9 2n9 bands of HNO3: torsional
splitting in the n9 vibrational mode. J Mol Spectrosc 1994;166:224–43.
[130] Flaud JM, Perrin A, Orphal J, Kou Q, Flaud PM, Dutkiewicz Z, Piccolo C. New analysis of the n5 þ n9 n9 hot
band of HNO3. JQSRT 2003;77:355–64.
[131] Chackerian C, Sharpe SW, Blake TA. Anhydrous nitric acid integrated absorption cross sections: 820–5300 cm1.
JQSRT 2003;82:429–41.
[132] Giver LP, Valero FPJ, Goorvitch D, Bonomo FS. Nitric-acid band intensity and band-model parameters from
610 to 1760cm1. J Opt Soc Am B 1984;1:715–22.
[133] Boone C, Bernath PF, Private communication. University of Waterloo, Canada, 2004. See also http://
www.ace.uwaterloo.com
[134] Brockman P, Bair CH, Allario F. High resolution spectral measurement of the HNO3 11.3-mm band using
tunable diode lasers. Appl Opt 1978;17:91–9.
[135] Goldman A, Schoenfeld WG, Goorvitch D, Chackerian C, Dothe H, Me´ len F, Abrams MC, Selby JEA. Updated
line parameters for OH X2P—X2Pðv00; v0Þ transitions. JQSRT 1998;59:453–69.
[136] Colin R, Coheur PF, Kisaleva M, Vandaele AC, Bernath PF. Spectroscopic constants and term values for the
X2Pi state of OH (v ¼ 0–10). J Mol Spectrosc 2002;214:225–6.
[137] Bulanin MO, Domanskaya AV, Kerl K. High-resolution FTIR measurement of the line parameters in the
fundamental band of HI. J Mol Spectrosc 2003;218:75–9.
[138] Goldman A, Coffey MT, Hannigan JW, Mankin WG, Chance K, Rinsland CP. HBr and HI line parameters
update for atmospheric spectroscopy databases. JQSRT 2003;82:313–8.
[139] Re´ galia-Jarlot L, Hamdouni A, Thomas X, Von der Heyden P, Barbe A. Line intensities of the n3; 4n2; n1 þ n3; 3n1,
and 2n1 þ n2 bands of the 16O12C32S molecule. JQSRT 2002;74:455–70.
[140] Vander Auwera J, Fayt A. Absolute line intensities for carbonyl sulfide from 827 to 2939 cm1. J Mol Struct 2005,
in press.
[141] Rbaihi E, Belafhal A, Vander Auwera J, Naı¨m S, Fayt A. Fourier transform spectroscopy of carbonyl sulfide
from 4800 to 8000 cm1 and new global analysis of 16O 12C32S. J Mol Spectrosc 1998;191:32–44.
ARTICLE IN PRESS
L.S. Rothman et al. / Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer 96 (2005) 139–204 201
[142] Strugariu T, Naim S, Fayt A, Bredohl AH, Blavier JF, Dubois I. Fourier transform spectroscopy of 18O-enriched
carbonyl sulfide from 1825 to 2700cm1. J Mol Spectrosc 1998;189:206–19.
[143] Bermejo D, Domenech JL, Santos J, Bouanich JP, Blanquet G. Absolute line intensities in the 2n3 band of
16O12C32S. J Mol Spectrosc 1997;185:26–30.
[144] Perrin A, Keller K, Flaud JM. New analysis of the n2; n3; n4 and n6 bands of formaldehyde H2
12C16O line positions
and intensities in the 5–10 mm spectral region. J Mol Spectrosc 2003;221:192–8.
[145] Flaud JM, Birk M, Wagner G, Orphal J, Klee S, Lafferty WJ. The far-infrared spectrum of HOCl: line positions
and intensities. J Mol Spectrosc 1998;191:362–7.
[146] Vander Auwera J, Kleffmann J, Flaud JM, Pawelke G, Burger H, Hurtmans D, Petrisse R. Absolute n2 line
intensities of HOCl by simultaneous measurements in the infrared with a tunable diode laser and far-infrared
region using a Fourier transform spectrometer. J Mol Spectrosc 2000;204:36–47.
[147] Shorter JH, Nelson DD, Zahniser MS. Air-broadened linewidth measurements in the n2 vibrational band of
HOCl. J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 1997;93:2933–5.
[148] Bernath PF. Private communication. University of Waterloo, Canada, 2004.
[149] Maki AG, Mellau GC, Klee S, Winnewisser M, Quapp W. High-temperature infrared measurements in the region
of the bending fundamental of H12C14N, H12C15N, and H13C14N. J Mol Spectrosc 2000;202:67–82;
Maki AG, Quapp W, Klee S, Mellau GC, Albert S. Infrared transitions of H12C14N and H12C15N between 500
and 10000 cm1. J Mol Spectrosc 1996;180:323–36.
[150] Devi VM, Benner DC, Smith MAH, Rinsland CP, Sharpe SW, Sams RL. A multispectrum analysis of the n1 band
of H12C14N: I. Intensities, self-broadening and self-shift coefficients. JQSRT 2003;82:319–42.
[151] Devi VM, Benner DC, Smith MAH, Rinsland CP, Sharpe SW, Sams RL. A multispectrum analysis of
the 2n2 spectral region of H12C14N: intensities, broadening and pressure-shift coefficients. JQSRT 2004;87:
339–66.
[152] Rinsland CP, Devi VM, Smith MAH, Benner DC, Sharpe SW, Sams RL. A multispectrum analysis of the
n1 band of H12C14N: II. Air- and N2-broadening, shifts and their temperature dependences. JQSRT 2003;
82:343–62.
[153] Malathy Devi V, Benner DC, Smith MAH, Rinsland CP, Predoi-Cross A, Sharpe SW, Sams RL, Boulet C,
Bouanich JP. A multispectrum analysis of the n2 band of H12C14N: Part I. Intensities, broadening and shift
coefficients. J Mol Spectrosc 2005;231:66–84 Bouanich JP, Boulet C, Predoi-Cross A, Sharpe SW, Sams RL,
Smith MAH, Rinsland CP, Benner DC, Malathy Devi V. A multispectrum analysis of the n2 band of H12C14N:
Part II. Theoretical calculations of self-broadening, self-induced shifts and their temperature dependences. J Mol
Spectrosc 2005;231:85–95.
[154] Chackerian C, Brown LR, Lacome N, Tarrago G. Methyl chloride n5 region line shape parameters and rotational
constants for the n2; n5 and 2n3 vibrational bands. J Mol Spectrosc 1998;191:148–57.
[155] Bouanich JP, Blanquet G, Populaire JC, Walrand J. N2-Broadening for methyl chloride at low temperature by
diode-laser spectroscopy. J Mol Spectrosc 2001;208:72–8.
[156] El Hachtouki R, Vander Auwera J. Absolute line intensities in acetylene: the 1.5-mm region. J Mol Spectrosc
2002;216:355–62.
[157] Kou Q, Guelachvili G, Abbouti Temsamani M, Herman M. The absorption spectrum of C2H2 around n1 þ n3:
energy standards in the 1:5 mm region and vibrational clustering. Can J Phys 1994;72:1241–50.
[158] Nakagawa K, De Labachelerie M, Awaji Y, Kourogi M. Accurate optical frequency atlas of the 1.5 microns band
of acetylene. J Opt Soc Am B 1996;13:2708–14.
[159] Pine AS, Rinsland CP. The role of torsional hot bands in modeling atmospheric ethane. JQSRT 1999;62:445–58.
[160] Brown LR, Sams RL, Kleiner I, Cottaz C, Sagui L. Line intensities of the phosphine dyad at 10 mm. J Mol
Spectrosc 2002;215:178–203.
[161] Tarrago G, Lacome N, Levy A, Guelachvili G, Benzard B, Drossart P. Phosphine spectrum at 4–5 mm: analysis
and line-by-line simulation of 2n2; n2 þ n4; 2n4; n1, and n3 bands. J Mol Spectrosc 1992;154:30–42.
[162] Cohen EA. Private communication. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. 2001.
[163] Acef O, Borde´ CJ, Clairon A, Pierre G, Sartakov B. New accurate fit of an extended set of saturation data for the
n3 band of SF6: comparison of Hamiltonians in the spherical and cubic tensor formalisms. J Mol Spectrosc
2000;199:188–204.
ARTICLE IN PRESS
202 L.S. Rothman et al. / Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer 96 (2005) 139–204
[164] Boudon V, Pierre G. In: Pandalai SG, editor. Rovibrational spectroscopy of sulphur hexafluoride: a review in
recent research developments in molecular spectroscopy. Vol. 1. Trivandrum, India: Transworld Research
Network; 2002; p. 25–55.
[165] Boudon V, Lacome N. High-resolution FTIR spectrum and analysis of the n2 þ n4 combination band of 32SF6. J
Mol Spectrosc 2003;222:291–5.
[166] Tejwani GDT, Fox K. Calculated self- and foreign-gas-broadened linewidths for SF6. JQSRT 1987;37:541–6.
[167] Sumpf B, Meusel I, Kronfeldt HD. Self- and air-broadening in the n1 and n3 bands of H2S. J Mol Spectrosc
1996;177:143–5.
[168] Kissel A, Kurtz O, Kronfeldt HD, Sumpf B. Quantum number and perturber dependence of pressure-induced
line shift and line broadening in the 2n2; n1, and n3 bands of H2S. 15th International Conference on High
Resolution Molecular Spectroscopy, Prague, Czech Republic, August 30–September 3, 1998.
[169] Kissel A, Sumpf B, Kronfeldt HD, Tikhomirov BA, Ponomarev YN. Molecular-gas-pressure-induced line-shift
and line-broadening in the n2-band of H2S. J Mol Spectrosc 2002;216:345–54.
[170] Waschull J, Kuhnemann F, Sumpf B. Self-, air- and helium broadening of the n2 band of H2S. J Mol Spectrosc
1994;165:150–8.
[171] Sumpf B. Experimental investigation of the self-broadening coefficients in the n1 þ n3 band of SO2 and the 2n2
band of H2S. J Mol Spectrosc 1997;181:160–7.
[172] Vander Auwera J. ULB, Brussels, Belgium, private communication (2004), based on Vander Auwera J. Highresolution
investigation of the far-infrared spectrum of formic acid. J Mol Spectrosc 1992;155:136–42.
[173] Winnewisser M, Winnewisser BP, Stein M, Birk M, Wagner G, Winnewisser G, Yamada KMT, Belov SP,
Baskakov OI. Rotational spectra of cis-HCOOH, trans-HCOOH, and trans-H13COOH. J Mol Spectrosc
2002;216:259–65.
[174] Perrin A, Rinsland CP, Goldman A. Spectral parameters for the n6 region of HCOOH and its measurement in the
infrared tropospheric spectrum. J Geophys Res 1999;104:18661–6.
[175] Shepard MW, Goldman A, Clough SA, Mlawer EJ. Spectroscopic improvements providing evidence of formic
acid in AERI-LBLRTM validation spectra. JQSRT 2003;82:383–90.
[176] Vander Auwera J, Didriche K, Perrin A, Keller F, Flaud JM. Absolute line intensities in the n6 band of
trans-formic acid. Proceedings of the eighth HITRAN database conference, Cambridge, MA, 16–18 June, 2004.
p. 21.
[177] Goldman A, Gillis JR. Line parameters and line-by-line calculations for molecules of stratospheric interest.
Progress report, Department of Physics, University of Denver, 1984.
[178] Perrin A, Flaud JM, Bakri B, Demaison J, Basakov O, Sirota SV, Herman M, Vander Auwera J. New highresolution
analysis of the n7 and n9 fundamental bands of trans-formic acid by Fourier transform infrared and
millimeter-wave spectroscopy. J Mol Spectrosc 2002;216:203–13.
[179] Chance K, Jucks KW, Johnson DG, Traub WA. The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Database SAO92.
JQSRT 1994;52:447–57.
[180] Yamada C, Endo Y, Hirota E. Difference frequency laser spectroscopy of the n1 band of the HO2 radical. J Chem
Phys 1983;78:4379–84.
[181] Nagai K, Endo Y, Hirota E. Diode laser spectroscopy of the HO2 n2 band. J Mol Spectrosc 1981;89:520–7.
[182] Nelson DD, Zahniser MS. Diode laser spectroscopy of the n3 vibration of the HO2 radical. J Mol Spectrosc
1991;150:527–34.
[183] Mu¨ ller HSP, Thorwirth S, Roth DA, Winnewisser G. The Cologne Database for Molecular Spectroscopy.
CDMS. Astronomy & Astrophysics 2001;370:L49–52.
[184] Xu LH, Lees RM, Wang P, Brown LR, Kleiner I, Johns JWC. New assignments, line intensities, and HITRAN
database for CH3OH at 10 mm. J Mol Spectrosc 2004;228:453–70.
[185] Wagner G, Birk M. New infrared spectroscopic database for chlorine nitrate. JQSRT 2003;82:443–60.
[186] Ballard J, Johnston WB, Gunson MR, Wassell PT. Absolute absorption coefficients of ClONO2 infrared bands at
stratospheric temperatures. J Geophys Res 1988;93:1659–65.
[187] May RD, Friedl RR. Integrated band intensities of HO2NO2 at 220 K. JQSRT 1993;50:257–66.
[188] Rinsland CP, Sharpe SW, Sams RL. Temperature-dependent cross-sections in the thermal infrared bands of
SF5CF3. JQSRT 2003;82:483–90.
ARTICLE IN PRESS
L.S. Rothman et al. / Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer 96 (2005) 139–204 203
[189] Allen G, Remedios JJ, Newnham DA, Smith KM, Monks PS. High resolution mid-infrared cross-sections for
peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) vapour. Atmos Chem Phys Discuss 2004;4:5656–81.
[190] Orlando JJ, Tyndall GS. Private communication. National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder CO, USA.
2004.
[191] Beer R, Glavich TA, Rider DM. Tropospheric emission spectrometer for the Earth Observing System’s AURA
satellite. Appl Opt 2001;40:2356–67.
[192] Bass AM, Paur RJ. UV absorption cross-sections for ozone: the temperature dependence. J Photochem
1981;17:41;
Bass AM, Paur RJ. The ultraviolet cross-sections of ozone: I the measurements. In: Zerefos CS, Ghazi A, editors.
Atmospheric ozone. Dordrecht: Reidel D; 1985. p. 606–10;
Bass AM, Paur RJ. The ultraviolet cross-sections of ozone: II results and temperature dependence. In: Zerefos
CS, Ghazi A, editors. Atmospheric ozone. Dordrecht: Reidel D; 1985. p. 611–6.
[193] Edle´ n B. The refractive index of air. Metrologia 1966;2:71–80.
[194] Voigt S, Orphal J, Bogumil K, Burrows JP. The temperature dependence (203–293 K) of the absorption cross
sections of O3 in the 230–850nm region measured by Fourier-transform spectroscopy. J Photochem Photobiol A:
Chem 2001;143:1–9.
[195] Orphal J, Fellows CE, Flaud PM. The visible absorption spectrum of NO3 measured by high-resolution Fouriertransform
spectroscopy. J Geophys Res 2003;108(D3):4077.
[196] Wilmouth DM, Hanisco TF, Donahue NM, Anderson JG. Fourier transform ultraviolet spectroscopy of the A
2P3=2 X 2P3=2 transition of BrO. J Phys Chem 199; 103:8935–8945.
[197] Kromminga H, Orphal J, Spietz P, Voigt S, Burrows JP. The temperature dependence (213–293 K) of the
absorption cross-sections of OClO in the 340–450nm region measured by Fourier-transform spectroscopy.
J Photochem Photobiol A: Chem 2003;157:149–60.
[198] Cantrell CA, Davidson JA, McDaniel AH, Shetter RE, Calvert JG. Temperature-dependent formaldehyde cross
sections in the near-ultraviolet spectral region. J Phys Chem 1990;94:3902–8.
[199] Greenblatt GD, Orlando JJ, Burkholder JB, Ravishankara AR. Absorption measurements of oxygen between
330 and 1140 nm. J Geophys Res 1990;95:18577–82.
[200] Massie ST, Goldman A. The infrared absorption cross-section and refractive-index data in HITRAN. JQSRT
2003;82:413–28.
[201] Norman ML, Miller RE, Worsnop DR. Ternary H2O/HNO3/H2O optical constants: new measurements from
aerosol spectroscopy under stratospheric conditions. J Phys Chem 2002;106:6075–83.
[202] Adams RW, Downing HD. Infrared optical constants of ternary system of 75% H2SO4 10% HNO3 and 15%
H2O. J Opt Soc Am 1986;3:22–8.
[203] Biermann UM, Luo BP, Peter T. Absorption spectra and optical constants of binary and ternary solutions of
H2SO4, HNO3, and H2O in the mid infrared at atmospheric temperatures. J Phys Chem 2000;104:783–93.
[204] Luo B, Krieger UK, Peter T. Densities and refractive indices of H2SO4/HNO3/H2O solutions to stratospheric
temperatures. Geophys Res Lett 1996;23:3707–10.
[205] Fischer J, Gamache RR, Goldman RR, Rothman LS, Perrin A. Total internal partition sums for molecular
species on the 2000 edition of the HITRAN database. JQSRT 2003;82:401–12.
[206] Goldman A, Gamache RR, Perrin A, Flaud JM, Rinsland CP, Rothman LS. HITRAN partition functions and
weighted transition probabilities. JQSRT 2000;66:455–86.
ARTICLE IN PRESS
204 L.S. Rothman et al. / Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer 96 (2005) 139–204
 
Last edited:
Well, you apparently ignored my reply to Round Robin, and I'm going to take the second part of your post first...



Don't put words in my mouth. I don't "doubt" anything. What I want is proof. Until I see that proof - definitively - my mind is not made up. Is that not the definition of a skeptic?
Yes, it is, but are you open-minded about this? Do you presently consider it equally likely or unlikely?

And, this...



First off, don't conjoin our arguments. It would be just as morally bankrupt for me to say that all AGW believers should demonstrate violent tendencies, like Schneibster, and would like to see any debate completely obliterated, using whatever means necessary including killing "dissenters" - or your arguments are invalid. Your point is, above all, irrelevant. MHaze and I are not the same person.

Second of all, you are making a broad accusation that anything he has said or I have said is "contradictory" (as demonstrated above in the first part of this reply). If you care to search either of our posts, I'd be delighted for you to specifically point this out.

-Dr. Imago
I'm not claiming that you and mhaze should agree. What I noted was that GWS never seem to challenge one another whereas they will attack a "warmer" for saying much the same thing as another "sceptic".

Example: Pat Michaels accepts the CO2 GH effect. Why would that be?
 
Straw man. And irrelevant to this discussion.

I have, again and repeatedly, called into question the use of "speculation" in any shape and form it takes. You "warmers" love to twist that into a "belief" that I'm completely discounting the scientific process and the value of expert opinion - all science and expert opinion.

All I have done, well within my right, is to critique and point out the limitations of the current knowledge base. Nothing more. And, that is interpreted speciously as a wholehearted rejection of anything that you believe I may or may not happen to agree with. How intellectually dishonest, self-serving, and convenient of you.
-Dr. Imago

The warm, fuzzy basket of feelings of Warmers must be protected.:D
 
You have been told already, this database is 40 years old. Are you seriously trying to say they still haven't worked out what the spectral response of CO2 is?

Yeah, I'm being "told" a lot of things. You are confusing a couple of issues here. I've never said that they can't work out the spectral response of CO2. I've said that they made a lot of inferences to "fill in the gaps" and that, furthermore, the intent of this database is to provide a reference for computer models. I haven't said that, actually, they have.

You won't even settle on a very simple, single, point. What is the spectral response of CO2? We don't know. Why? Because we can't know. Why? *use of "speculation"*. Look at the list of references attached at the end of this. Everyone of those scientists is too stupid, ignorant, lazy or easily lead to understand what you alone know. Amazing.

More thought insertion. And, even more irrelevance. The point is (read this carefully) that this database uses calculations to fill in the gaps of observation. They clearly state this. And, I've already linked to where this is explicitly stated. It has nothing to do with being stupid, lazy, or ignorant. And, it has nothing to do with what I purportedly know or don't know.

Second, the "spectral response" of CO2 is known.

http://physics.nist.gov/PhysRefData/CO2/Html/chap3.html

You are confusing two different concepts here. The exact known properties of a molecule, and the action of that molecule in a kinetic mixture of gasses at various fractions and differing temperatures and pressures. For this, you have to rely on what you believe is how the individual properties of molecules will interact given their known properties when placed together. To do this without conducting the actual experiment at particular fractions, you have to make assumptions of how those molecules will interact act given their known properties. Doesn't mean that they will actually act that way (but probably will within a relatively margin of error).

"Logical Leaps" Find me where they use that phrase in their documents.

My term to describe this statement:

The parameters in HITRAN are sometimes direct observations, but often calculated.

... which I think is an adequate paraphrase.

Let me see. There is a list of 204 references at the end of the report. Who do I believe? How do I know it's not all just a pathetic, rubber stamping sham? I am just a layman, but should I go with a hundreds of scientists who specialise in this area, or an MD who did some university physics years ago. I am pretty stupid, (being a layman) but I'll go with the specialists. Sorry. (I won't, however, see any of these people if I have a medical problem.)

Again with the numbers of scientists/papers/peer-reviewed publications. When can we agree, other than when it conveniently suits you, that the number of scientists or publications doesn't mean anything.

And, peer-review itself? It is not the be-all, end-all or final say in the process. And, I've seen it abused. This statement, from the editor of the Lancet, nicely summarizes some of the pitfalls of peer-review... read it as a cautionary tale (the bolded and underlined part is specifically direct to you)...

The mistake, of course, is to have thought that peer review was any more than a crude means of discovering the acceptability -- not the validity -- of a new finding. Editors and scientists alike insist on the pivotal importance of peer review. We portray peer review to the public as a quasi-sacred process that helps to make science our most objective truth teller. But we know that the system of peer review is biased, unjust, unaccountable, incomplete, easily fixed, often insulting, usually ignorant, occasionally foolish, and frequently wrong.

http://www.mja.com.au/public/issues/172_04_210200/horton/horton.html

Question everything you think you know. Question it twice. Then question it again. If you do not, you cannot call yourself a skeptic.

-Dr. Imago
 
Last edited:
Yes, it is, but are you open-minded about this? Do you presently consider it equally likely or unlikely?

Why does it bother you so much that I don't have a direct opinion on the matter? My reaction and postings are directed at the absolutism I see on this forum; that the matter is settled. I would be equally fervent in responding to any gang of would-be bullies, if they formed a supposed "consensus" and basis of general opinion, who were parading around opinions that reflected the exact opposite of yours.

For example, if you were suddenly to switch your argument to the premise that all the data shows the planet is cooling and that humans are influencing that - and that their was no doubt about it based on the data - I would be similarly pointing out the flaws in your thinking and demanding more "proof of principle" for your arguments.

What I am against is the incredible hubris displayed by those who are convinced that they can't possibly be wrong.

-Dr. Imago
 
Why does it bother you so much that I don't have a direct opinion on the matter? My reaction and postings are directed at the absolutism I see on this forum; that the matter is settled. I would be equally fervent in responding to any gang of would-be bullies, if they formed a supposed "consensus" and basis of general opinion, who were parading around opinions that reflected the exact opposite of yours.
I don't care whether you have a direct opinion. What I do care about is that you claim to be an open-minded sceptic whilst refusing to accept any evidence offered to you.

The only absolutism I see, here and elsewhere, is from GWS who carry on saying that warming, if it exists, can't possibly be because of CO2, regardless of the evidence, and they will probably say this until they die.

The bullies I see are the "sceptics" who hurl abuse at anyone who dares to challenge them. You are a pleasant exception to this, but an exception you are.

For example, if you were suddenly to switch your argument to the premise that all the data shows the planet is cooling and that humans are influencing that - and that their was no doubt about it based on the data - I would be similarly pointing out the flaws in your thinking and demanding more "proof of principle" for your arguments.
You would be correct in doing so, but you must accept that this is a possibility, at least in principle.

What I am against is the incredible hubris displayed by those who are convinced that they can't possibly be wrong.
I am too: I see this all the time when sceptics arrogantly abuse anyone who challenges them.

I don't see anyone on the AGW "side" claiming certainty on this.

You are one of the most sincere GWS I've come across but misguided IMAO (in my arrogant opinion).
 
Lastly, I am not a layperson. I am a physician and medical scientist who is quite aware of and has published in the peer-review process.

With all due respect to the schooling and training required to become a physician, unless you also hold an advanced degree in physics and have credentials in the specialized field of spectroscopy, you, too, are a layperson.

I am not ignoring your other points; I am in forum blackout for a while as today is my daughter's second birthday party which, I confess, must take priority! :)
 
Why does it bother you so much that I don't have a direct opinion on the matter? My reaction and postings are directed at the absolutism I see on this forum; that the matter is settled. I would be equally fervent in responding to any gang of would-be bullies, if they formed a supposed "consensus" and basis of general opinion, who were parading around opinions that reflected the exact opposite of yours.

For example, if you were suddenly to switch your argument to the premise that all the data shows the planet is cooling and that humans are influencing that - and that their was no doubt about it based on the data - I would be similarly pointing out the flaws in your thinking and demanding more "proof of principle" for your arguments.

What I am against is the incredible hubris displayed by those who are convinced that they can't possibly be wrong.

-Dr. Imago

Some indeed think they are useful little AGW Cheerleaders when continually arguing personalities, ad hominems and distortions. Quite unlike these scientists and their actual real world outputs -

A mechanism for sun-climate connection
(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 32, 2005)
- Sultan Hameed, Jae N. Lee


A Millennium Scale Sunspot Reconstruction: Evidence For an Unusually Active Sun Since the 1940's
(Physical Review Letters 91, 2003)
- Ilya G. Usoskin, Sami K. Solanki, Manfred Schüssler, Kalevi Mursula, Katja Alanko


Altitude variations of cosmic ray induced production of aerosols: Implications for global cloudiness and climate
(Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 107, No. A7, 1118, 2002)
- Fangqun Yu


Celestial Climate Driver: A Perspective from Four Billion Years of the Carbon Cycle
(Geoscience Canada, Volume 32, Number 1, March 2005)
- Ján Veizer


Celestial driver of Phanerozoic climate?
(GSA Volume 13, Issue 7, July 2003)
- Nir J. Shaviv, Ján Veizer


Cosmic rays and Earth's climate
(Space Science Review 93: 155-166, 2000)
- Henrik Svensmark


Cosmic rays and climate - The influence of cosmic rays on terrestrial clouds and global warming
(Astronomy & Geophysics, Volume 41 Issue 4 Page 4.18-4.22, August 2000)
- E Pallé Bagó, C J Butler


Cosmic Rays, Clouds, and Climate
(Space Science Reviews, v. 94, Issue 1/2, p. 215-230, 2000)
- Nigel Marsh, Henrik Svensmark


Cosmoclimatology: a new theory emerges
(Astronomy & Geophysics, Volume 48 Issue 1 Page 1.18-1.24, February 2007)
- Henrik Svensmark


Empirical evidence for a nonlinear effect of galactic cosmic rays on clouds
(Royal Society of London Proceedings Series A, Vol. 462, Issue 2068, 2006)
- R. Giles Harrison, David B. Stephenson


Evidence of Solar Variation in Tree-Ring-Based Climate Reconstructions
(Solar Physics, Volume 205, Number 2, Pages 403-417, February 2002)
- M.G. Ogurtsov , G.E. Kocharov, M. Lindholm, J. Meriläinen, M. Eronen, Yu.A. Nagovitsyn


Evidence for a physical linkage between galactic cosmic rays and regional climate time series
(Journal Advances in Space Research, February 2007)
- Charles A. Perrya


Formation of large NAT particles and denitrification in polar stratosphere: possible role of cosmic rays and effect of solar activity
(Atmos. Chem. Phys., 4, 2273-2283, 2004)
- F. Yu


Geophysical, archaeological, and historical evidence support a solar-output model for climate change
(PNAS, Vol. 97, No. 23, 12433-12438, November 7, 2000)
- Charles A. Perry, Kenneth J. Hsu


Has solar variability caused climate change that affected human culture?
(Advances in Space Research, Volume 40, Issue 7, Pages 1173-1180, 2007)
- Joan Feynmana


Influence of Cosmic Rays on Earth's Climate
(Physical Review Letters - November 30, 1998 - Volume 81, Issue 22, pp. 5027-5030)
- Henrik Svensmark


Is solar variability reflected in the Nile River?
(Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 111, D21114, 2006)
- Alexander Ruzmaikin, Joan Feynman, Yuk L. Yung


Length of the Solar Cycle: An Indicator of Solar Activity Closely Associated with Climate
(Science, Vol. 254. no. 5032, pp. 698 - 700, November 1991)
- E. Friis-Christensen, K. Lassen


Linkages between solar activity, climate predictability and water resource development
(Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering, Vol 49 No 2, Pages 32–44, June 2007)
- W J R Alexander, F Bailey, D B Bredenkamp, A van der Merwe, N Willemse


Long-Period Cycles of the Sun's Activity Recorded in Direct Solar Data and Proxies
(Solar Physics, Volume 211, Numbers 1-2, December, 2002)
- M.G. Ogurtsov, Yu.A. Nagovitsyn, G.E. Kocharov, H. Jungner


Low cloud properties influenced by cosmic rays
(Phys. Rev. Lett., 85(23), 5004-5007, 2000)
- Nigel D Marsh, Henrik Svensmark


On climate response to changes in the cosmic ray flux and radiative budget
(Journal of Geophysical Research, Volume 110, A08105, 2005)
- Nir J. Shaviv


On the possible contribution of solar-cosmic factors to the global warming of XX century
(Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics, Volume 71, Number 7, July, 2007)
- M. G. Ogurtsov


On the relationship of cosmic ray flux and precipitation
(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 28, No. 8, pp. 1527–1530, 2001)
- Dominic R. Kniveton and Martin C. Todd


Persistent Solar Influence on North Atlantic Climate During the Holocene
(Science, Vol. 294. no. 5549, pp. 2130 - 2136, 7 December 2001)
- Gerard Bond, Bernd Kromer, Juerg Beer, Raimund Muscheler, Michael N. Evans, William Showers, Sharon Hoffmann, Rusty Lotti-Bond, Irka Hajdas, Georges Bonani


Phenomenological solar contribution to the 1900–2000 global surface warming
(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 33, L05708, 2006)
- N. Scafetta, B. J. West


Phenomenological solar signature in 400 years of reconstructed Northern Hemisphere temperature record
(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 33, L17718, 2006)
- N. Scafetta, B. J. West


Reply to Lockwood and Fröhlich – The persistent role of the Sun in climate forcing
(Danish National Space Center Scientific Report, 3/2007)
- H. Svensmark, E.Friis-Christensen


Regional tropospheric responses to long-term solar activity variations
(Advances in Space Research, Volume 40, Issue 7, Pages 1167-1172, 2007)
- O.M. Raspopov, V.A. Dergachev, A.V. Kuzmin, O.V. Kozyreva, M.G. Ogurtsov, T. Kolström and E. Lopatin


Rhodes Fairbridge and the idea that the solar system regulates the Earth’s climate
(Journal of Coastal Research, SI 50, pp. 955-968, 2007)
- Richard Mackey


Solar correlates of Southern Hemisphere mid-latitude climate variability
(International Journal of Climatology, Volume 22, Issue 8 , Pages 901 - 915, 27 May 2002)
- Ronald E. Thresher


Solar Cycle Variability, Ozone, and Climate
(Science, Vol. 284. no. 5412, pp. 305 - 308, 9 April 1999)
- Drew Shindell, David Rind, Nambeth Balachandran, Judith Lean, Patrick Lonergan


Solar total irradiance variation and the global sea surface temperature record
(Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 96, NO. D2, Pages 2835–2844, 1991)
- George C. Reid


Solar Variability Over the Past Several Millennia
(Space Science Reviews, Volume 125, Issue 1-4, pp. 67-79, Friday, December 22, 2006)
- J. Beer, M. Vonmoos, R. Muscheler


Suggestive correlations between the brightness of Neptune, solar variability, and Earth's temperature
(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 34, L08203, 2007)
- H. B. Hammel, G. W. Lockwood


Surface warming by the solar cycle as revealed by the composite mean difference projection
(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 34, L14703, 2007)
- Charles D. Camp, Ka Kit Tung


The Antarctic climate anomaly and galactic cosmic rays
(physics/0612145v1, 2006)
- Henrik Svensmark


The link between the solar dynamo and climate - The evidence from a long mean air temperature series from Northern Ireland
(Irish Astronomical Journal, vol. 21, no. 3-4, p. 251-254, 09/1994)
- C.J. Butler, D.J. Johnston


Variations in Radiocarbon Concentration and Sunspot Activity
(Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 66, p.273, 01/1961)
- Stuiver, M.


Variations in the Earth's Orbit: Pacemaker of the Ice Ages
(Science, Vol. 194. no. 4270, pp. 1121 - 1132, 10 December 1976)
- J. D. Hays, John Imbrie, N. J. Shackleton


Variation of Cosmic Ray Flux and Global Cloud Coverage - a Missing Link in Solar-Climate Relationships
(Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 59, 1225-1232, 1997)
- Henrik Svensmark, Eigil Friis-Christensen


Variations of solar coronal hole area and terrestrial lower tropospheric air temperature from 1979 to mid-1998: astronomical forcings of change in earth's climate?
(New Astronomy, Volume 4, Issue 8, Pages 563-579, January 2000)
- W. Soon, S. Baliunas, E. S. Posmentier, P. Okeke


Variable solar irradiance as a plausible agent for multidecadal variations in the Arctic-wide surface air temperature record of the past 130 years
(Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 32, L16712, 2005)
- Willie W.-H. Soon


What do we really know about the Sun-climate connection?
(Advances in Space Research, Volume 20, Issue 4-5, p. 913-921, 1997)
- Eigil Friis-Christensen, Henrik Svensmark


Will We Face Global Warming in the Nearest Future?
(Geomagnetism i Aeronomia, Vol. 43, pp. 124-127, 2003)
- V. S. Bashkirtsev, G. P. Mashnich
 
Curious. Dr. Imago, meet Dr. Imago:

Yes. The current AGW argument is from...

Ignorance: 1 a: destitute of knowledge or education <an ignorant society>; also : lacking knowledge or comprehension of the thing specified <parents ignorant of modern mathematics> b: resulting from or showing lack of knowledge or intelligence <ignorant errors>2: unaware, uninformed

Specifically, there are potentially many other factors contributing to GW that have either been ignored or mimized in favor of the predominating CO2 hypothesis, which forms the basis of the AGW argument. Many of these things have been covered repeatedly on this and other threads. Many AGW believers either diminish the potential impact of these things, or they don't even consider them. Such examples include solar variation (which has been argued to death on this forum), the potential predominating effect of the ENSO in the Pacific, and, as I have pointed out repeatedly, the actual magnitude of effect of CO2 isolated as a single variable at the microfractions being discussed.

Association:1 a: the act of associating b: the state of being associated : combination, relationship 2: an organization of persons having a common interest : society 3: something linked in memory or imagination with a thing or person 4: the process of forming mental connections or bonds between sensations, ideas, or memories 5: the aggregation of chemical species to form (as with hydrogen bonds) loosely bound complexes 6: a major unit in ecological community organization characterized by essential uniformity and usually by two or more dominant species

There has yet to be proven a causal link between elevated CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere, upon which the AGW argument is predicated, and observed temperature phenomenon. Scientists have observed an association, a trend if you will, that shows a temperature increase over previous decades. They've also witnessed an increase in global CO2 concentration. These ideas have been conjoined and concluded by some scientists to be a causal relationship, which has yet to be proven.

Assumption: 1 a: the taking up of a person into heaven bcapitalized : August 15 observed in commemoration of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary 2: a taking to or upon oneself <the assumption of a new position> 3: the act of laying claim to or taking possession of something <the assumption of power> 4: arrogance, pretension 5 a: an assuming that something is true b: a fact or statement (as a proposition, axiom, postulate, or notion) taken for granted 6: the taking over of another's debts

Because they have seen a rise in CO2 concentration, and also observed a trend over time of temperature increase, they have made the assumption that there is a causal relationship. Since this assumption is felt to be correct and is taken for granted, the entire body of science has gone off in that direction and is now serving primarily to re-affirm that assumption. They have not, in many instances, used rigorous science in attempt to nullify that hypothesis. There have not been adequate prospective studies. There has not been willing independent sharing and investigation of data. And, much serious and legitimate critique of methodology has been either ignored or inadequately responded to. I'm most interested (at the moment) of those attempting to expose the limitations of the field of dendrochronology, upon which much of the historical temperature data for the last 1000 years is based.

Now, how is that clarification different from anything I've said before? Please. Show me where I am being inconsistent. Just because I question the shakey methodology of the current science doesn't mean I've formed a firm opinion on whether or not GW/AGW is occurring. I would love to see more rigorous data that would convince me either way. But, I am sick and tired of people trying to jam a lot of recondite gibberish down our collective throats as fact, much of which is based on ignorance (of other disciplines, alternate possibilities), association (which does not prove causation), and assumption (that all the current science is sound and beyond reproach).

Thank you for your continued interest in my posts. :)

-Dr. Imago
 

ISF - Join now!

Every member here is approved by hand. No bots, no spam, just people who care about evidence and honest debate.

Membership is free!

Create your free account

Back
Top Bottom