The Earth is protected to a large degree from the sun because of its atmosphere.
Which is handy for phenomena like ultraviolet EM, but has very little effect on visible light. This can vary greatly depending on atmospheric particulates, light pollution and cloud cover, but on a clear night, especially at higher altitudes, the difference in apparent magnitude of stars between earth and moon is only a few percent.
The full sun on the Moon reaches 120°C, iirc.
Irrelevant to a discussion of stellar photography.
In addition, its shadows are pitch black.
Only under very unusual conditions. Sure, contrast is higher between light and shadow because of the lack of "fill light" from the sky, but most shadows will have some light reflecting into them from surrounding surfaces.
Here's AS16-106-17354 a photo of House Rock. Note that the area shaded from direct sunlight is, nevertheless, illuminated by light reflecting from the surrounding terrain.
And you're forgetting one very important reflective surface - the earth. The earth's albedo is 158% higher than the moon's, it has a profile 1,246% greater than the moon, and it was always gibbous and in the sky above the landing sites.
But this is all academic, because...
But we have been through all this already.
The thing we've been try to get you to acknowledge is that simply waiting for darkness isn't going to enable a camera to image stars. Someone with an SLR like the Hasselblad 500 who's been taking photos all day, can't look up at the stars in the middle of the night and say, "hang on! Let me go get my camera", then run to the car and grab it, point it at the sky without any adjustment, and later develop images that look like what they saw of the stars with their eyes. You've come close to correcting this assumption by acknowledging that, among other considerations, you'd need to expose the film for thousands (10³) of times more than the appropriate exposure time for sunlight photography, but you've yet to come straight out and acknowledge that Allen's claims are factually impossible.