Fast Company: You traveled to Amsterdam and Copenhagen when you were a mayor, along with then-Secretary of Transportation Anthony Foxx. What did you learn about the role that street design plays in how much people bike?
Pete Buttigieg: There are three things that I really took away from that trip.
The first is that design really does matter in creating an environment that supports bicycle commuting, not just as a hobby or kind of quirky thing for a handful of people to do, but as a mainstream way to get around. That really makes a big difference.
That was what we were expecting to see, [but] two of the things were a little more surprising. They went through the numbers of how bicycle commuting and active transportation grew in places like Copenhagen or Amsterdam. And what you saw is, it didn’t start out that way. The perception [in] the U.S. is maybe that, you know, this is just ingrained in Nordic culture—they’ve always been different and always will be. [But] if you look at a picture of downtown Copenhagen in the ’60s or ’70s, it’s as car-centric as any place in the U.S. So what happened wasn’t automatic or completely organic: They made a set of choices. And those choices helped. They make policy decisions and design decisions to help make it a great place to walk or bike.
The third thing was that you see a kind of step change in the use of bikes, and particularly to get around, once you hit a threshold of about 2% of people. And the thinking is that once you hit that rate of use, enough people do it that drivers become more conscious of bikes, and it becomes dramatically safer for everybody. So, I often think about where the tipping point might be in any given U.S. city, or for the U.S. as a country, and look for investments and policies [that] will help get us to that tipping point.
‘If you were starting from scratch, cars wouldn’t make sense’: Pete Buttigieg on redesigning cities (FastCompany, Nov 10, 2022)