It wouldn't surprise me if state election systems lacked some or all of what there ought to be, just because they are typically procured by people who lack IT expertise, and are budget conscious.
On the other hand, this isn't 1990 where the only people who understand IT are a group of young whippersnappers. I miss those days. i was one of those young whippersnappers.
However, even if they are not state of the art, well designed systems, I'm pretty sure they have at least some of that, and if someone was doing 47 fraudulent updates, I'm pretty sure it would be traceable.