Interestingly the N.Y. Times has released the data: the summaries of reported income, reported debts, reported deductions, for various aspects of the Trump empire for each year. They just haven’t released the many reams of individual details that probably run to hundreds of pages. If we had these details how would that make it more convincing? They could make that up too if they were making up stuff.
Most scientific manuscripts contain comparable summaries of the raw data, such as statistical means and variation analyses of individual data points from multiple experimental repeats.
In all cases the peers in peer review have to trust that the data presented, summaries or individually, were what the authors saw and that the experiments were performed as the authors said there were. As a peer reviewer I could look for suspicious results and ask for more detail but there was no way to check that lane one of the gel was loaded with the control and lane two with the kinase treated sample as the authors stated in the figure legend. There are no security cameras in labs peering over every experimentor’s shoulders when they prepared and ran each experiment. I had to trust the authors at that fundamental level.
Honestly the alleged contrast of anonymous sources vs. peer review science publications is bogus.