What are you talking about? If someone can be fired for any or no reason, they definitely can be fired for being black. Now if the person firing them is dumb enough to reveal that, there could be consequences depending on the situation, but that's only if they revealed that.
No, that's workplace discrimination and illegal. Wrongful termination.
I think the point Aridas was making is that you don't have to state outright that you are dismissing someone because they are black. Unless you do it is up to the terminated employee to prove that that was the reason. You can fire them for some ginned -up, bogus reason, or none at all under many jurisdictions.
Any and no reason aren't the same. In right to work states, you can fire someone for no reason, but you can't fire them for any reason - gender and race being the most universal.
I think what you mean is "at-will employment". "Right to work" is conservative double-talk labeling of laws which prevent someone from being compelled to join a union when hired for a position in a union shop. It was a way of diminishing the collective bargaining power of unions.
Generally a union will put a requirement for "just cause" for termination in their contracts with an employer. This is to block the application of the common law concept of "at-will employment", so there is a certain amount of overlap. But that only applies to employees with such a clause in their contracts.
Without such protection, in "at-will" states (which is most of them, I think) as long as an employer cannot be shown to have terminated the employment of someone
because they are a member of a protected class ... i.e. race, religion, age, etc. ... they don't really need any reason at all. Often they will give one, but few employers are stupid enough to give one which specifically makes one of those protected classes a reason. Pretty much anything will do. Like firing a bank employee for "inappropriate" dress, even though the employee's problem is that she is sufficiently attractive to be distracting in any outfit.
Tough cases to prove, often, but I did state the law correctly in every jurisdiction I'm aware of.
Or maybe not. Try to sort out which laws are relevant first.
