So one of the main problems here is that you seem to assume definitions of "observer" and "knowledge" that are different than the people who wrote the things you are reading.
How so....?
Lets see...
"The observer in quantum theory does more that just read the recordings. He also
CHOOSES WHICH QUESTION will be put to nature: which aspect of nature his inquiry will probe. I call this important function of the observer the`The Heisenberg Choice', to contrast it with the `Dirac Choice', which is the random choice on the part of Nature that Dirac emphasized.
According to quantum theory, the Dirac Choice is a choice between alternatives that are specified by the Heisenberg Choice:
THE OBSERVER MUST FIRST specify what aspect of the system he intends to measure or probe, and then put in place an instrument that will probe that aspect. In quantum theory it is
THE OBSERVER who Both poses the QUESTION, and RECOGNIZES THE ANSWER. Without some way of specifying WHAT THE QUESTION IS, the QUANTUM RULES will NOT WORK: the QUANTUM PROCESS GRINDS TO A HALT." {emphasis mine}
Stapp, H; Attention, Intention, and Will in Quantum Physics; 1999, p. 21
I think I got it.
A quantum observer is not a person, and knowledge in this context is not a person knowing something.
Really, then what is a Quantum Observer....?
The fact that you on one hand claim that particles cannot store knowledge, but then claim that DNA encodes knowledge seems very strange.
1. Well drop your Straw Man Fallacy of your conjured claim that I said "DNA Encodes Knowledge", that would probably help.
DNA is merely The Medium...it doesn't "KNOW" anything.
2. Particles can't store KNOWLEDGE...they can store 'DATA'
if Purposely Designed to do so (SEE: Computers). Data is not "Knowledge"/Information.
The fact that you think Young's double slit experiment has anything at all to do with an observer shows you haven't studied it.
oh brother.
At all. It merely involves shining light through a diffraction grating or two very closely spaced slits. The experiment was done in 1801 and did not involve attempting to measure which slit a particle went through. That came much later with Richard Feynman's proposal.
But the thousands of Experiments
after it HAVE!! lol
Here you go:
https://nanoelectronics.unibas.ch/education/ModernPhysics/ZeilingerFoundQuantPhys.pdf
"The decision whether or not to rotate the polarization was made by a physical
random-number generator on a time scale short compared to the flight time of the photons."
So what? What's your point?
Where the flight time of the photons was over 400m, or 1.4µs. They also suggest an experiment that could allow free-will to influence the direction of the detectors, but concluded that such an experiment could only be carried out in space due to the necessary distances. All of the delayed choice quantum experiments suffer from this same problem and all delayed choice detector decisions are thus made randomly.
How/What does it Invalidate?
Actually, even we are made up of quantum particles that abide by the laws of quantum physics. The different interpretations of quantum mechanics have different answers to the above question...
Well let's go through them and evaluate their VERACITY and Scientific Prowess....?
but they are only interpretations and it doesn't matter which one you use, the math works out the same.
Math isn't "Science"/Physics...much like A Tape Measure isn't Carpentry. One of the main reasons is they're 2 different words.
Math is Immaterial "Abstract" and @ BEST, merely "describes"... it "EXPLAINS" exactly Squat/Nada.
Science is in the business of EXPLAINING by Validating/In-Validating "Cause and Effect" relationships between Independent and Dependent Variables via Rigorous Hypothesis TESTING.
Albert Einstein: Lecture, Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin 27 Jan 1921...
"As far as the laws of mathematics refer to reality, they are not certain; and as far as they are certain, they do not refer to reality."
Many interpretations don't even bother with collapse at all.
So....?
This is actually a discussion of the experiment described in the linked paper above. Here, "long after" refers to 1.4µs. In the world of quantum mechanics, this is a very long time. In the world of humans, it is a vanishingly small amount of time, it isn't even enough time for the retina to register a photon, much less the brain perceive it.
So What....??
I'm actually surrounded by collections of particles that store quite a bit of knowledge. I like to call them books.
Yea, and WHO wrote them...Intelligent Agents, maybe?? And it sure better be in a convention that you understand, eh? I think I see where you're off the reservation...
Physical "Detectors" are merely inanimate surrogates that are DESIGNED by Intelligent Agents to detect what we inherently cannot; they only relay and elucidate "Data" (The Antecedent). Inherently, "which-path" is (The Consequent, of Reasoning) "Information". "Data" and "Information" are NOT equals sir. e.g.,
Data: aaaaaaaa from Detector 1 and bbbbbbbb from Detector 2... means what? You have no idea because we didn't "AGREE" beforehand on the convention/medium/and meaning of what these meant.
It only becomes "Information" then "Knowledge" (The Consequent) AFTER we AGREED beforehand or set up in ADVANCE the convention, medium, and meaning, THEN Reconciled by Intelligence. This is only ever ever ever accomplished by Intelligent Agency, without Exception!
What would have happened if Paul Revere never met (agreed on meaning/medium/convention) with the Patriots and sent "Signals"---"DATA" (1 Light or 2 Lights) from the Old North Church??
Ahh, not much right? Moreover, was it the Lights (medium) that coordinated the meeting?
Information is Semiotic, it's not a Physical Entity or a Physical Aspect of the Medium of Conveyance. Photons from Paul Revere's Lamps weren't physically carrying Information...the Lights were just the medium used to
signal the Intelligent Agents; who then assigned the Pre-Arranged meaning....
(Information) Now Exists. It is only then,
they " know "... "which-path" 
Norman Weiner, Professor of Mathematics at MIT...
“Information is information, neither matter nor energy.”
Wiener, N., Cybernetics, or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine, Hermann et Cie, The Technology Press, Paris, 1948.
Physical Detectors are merely "The Medium" used for acquisition of "RAW" data, what it was "designed" for in the first place. Intelligence and Intelligence alone liberates/extracts "Meaning" (Information) from Pre-Arranged agreed upon and purposely constructed: Convention and Medium.
Essentially when you break it down, you're saying: the Ink/Paper/Glue Molecules (The Medium) is responsible for War and Peace (Information).
Apparently you didn't read the paper where he actually describes the measurement apparatus. The measurement apparatus is a particle detector. The measurements are stored in a computer and known by the computer.
See everything after 'off the reservation' above.
And, I've read it many MANY times.
Ah, so God sees continuous wave functions without collapse, yes?
Ahhh, Nope.
Just type their name into google and pick pretty much any result on the first page, the first three of either will do just fine.
I did, that's why I asked you to do it to SUPPORT your Ipse Dixit Baseless Assertion (Fallacy)
regards