The Reid technique's nine steps of interrogation are:[3]
Step 1 - Direct confrontation. Advise the subject that the evidence has led the police to the individual as a suspect. Offer the person an early opportunity to explain why the offense took place.
Step 2 - Try to shift the blame away from the suspect to some other person or set of circumstances that prompted the suspect to commit the crime. That is, develop themes containing reasons that will psychologically justify or excuse the crime. Themes may be developed or changed to find one to which the accused is most responsive.
Step 3 - Try to discourage the suspect from denying his or her guilt. Reid training video: "If you’ve let him talk and say the words ‘I didn’t do it’[...]the more difficult it is to get a confession."[citation needed]
Step 4 - At this point, the accused will often give a reason why he or she did not or could not commit the crime. Try to use this to move towards the confession.
Step 5 - Reinforce sincerity to ensure that the suspect is receptive.
Step 6 - The suspect will become quieter and listen. Move the theme discussion towards offering alternatives. If the suspect cries at this point, infer guilt.
Step 7 - Pose the “alternative question”, giving two choices for what happened; one more socially acceptable than the other. The suspect is expected to choose the easier option but whichever alternative the suspect chooses, guilt is admitted. There is always a third option which is to maintain that they did not commit the crime.
Step 8 - Lead the suspect to repeat the admission of guilt in front of witnesses and develop corroborating information to establish the validity of the confession.
Step 9 - Document the suspect's admission or confession and have him or her prepare a recorded statement (audio, video or written).
Still doesn't look like they used the Reid technique. They may have used elements of it but I'm sure all interviews of the nature employ some form of these.
You have discussed the Reid technique numerous times and it is well known that the technique has widely been criticized but do you have any statistics of success and failure of the technique? False versus valid confessions. If not please no anecdotals. I know that it has been validly criticized in specific cases.
Sorry - at this point I'm not trying to convince anyone. Just trying to put it out there. If none of this schmecks for you, that's okay with me.
Anecdotally - the technique is highly discouraged for the young who are being interrogated. It yields way, too many false confessions. There was one case in Regina, Saskatchewan, where the technique was used on a teen-age boy to confess to a series of rapes. He confessed.
Before it got to trial he was cleared. When asked why he'd confessed he said, "They wear you down. I got to the point where I thought to myself, oh heck, I'll just say I did it. I have no idea why I said it, except that they just keep coming at you."
Sorry, today all I have is anecdote.
I have no idea, and less actual data, to say that the PLE were trained in the technique. You very well could be correct, that Reid simply incorporated well known elements and put his stamp on it with a view to selling his training videos to police forces.
For the purposes here, it is telling that these elements are in common:
- Assume the guilt of the person being interrogated (or else, why're they there to begin with?)
- discourage any talk of their innocence.
- help them with scenarios which implicate them
- it is permissible to lie to the perp.
"Themes may be developed or changed to find one to which the accused is most responsive." (I once had amnesia after a traumatic episode when I broke my leg. Maybe that's what you have which is causing you to forget. Try to imagine what might have happened.....)
- an eventual confession is the goal. It actually does not matter how you get there. Get them to confess. Their legal-lives will be miserable for the next 20 years because you wear them down at interrogation.
Anyone who needs more than this has all the pointers they need. The point is not to mark the PLE as if it were an exam on their abilities within the Reid Technique. Forget the technique if that is getting in the way....
.... the manipulative elements of the actual 5th/6th interrogation are all there.