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Bart Ehrman on the Historical Jesus

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But you aren't dealing with the evidence from antiquity. You are selecting one data point and ignoring everything else. You are totally ignoring cultural and historical context, Anthropology and the Historical Method.

Why should we accept your ideas over those of Professionals in the field?

What a big lie!!

The following is a partial list of 48 sources from antiquity in over 100 books which I have used to argue that Jesus was a Myth.

The DSS, Ignatius, Justin Martyr, Aristides, Tertullian, Origen, Hippolytus, Lactantius, Arnobius, Eusebius, Rufinus, Clememt of Alexandria, Jerome, Chrysostom, Augustine of Hippo, Ephraem the Syrian, gMark, gLuke, gJohn, gMatthew, the Pauline Corpus, Acts of the Apostles, the non-Pauline letters, Revelation, the writings attributed to Philo, Josephus, Tacitus, Suetonius, Plutarch, Pliny the Elder, Pliny the younger, Lucian, Cassius Dio, Sulpitius Severus, the False Decretals, the Donation of Constantine, the Muratorian Canon, Theophilus of Antioch, Athenagoras of Athens, The Chronograph of 354, the Apostolic Constitutions, the Paschal Chronicon, Optatus, the Codex Sinaiticus, the Novum Testamentum Graece, Macarius Magnes, the list of New Testament manuscripts, and the Septuagint and still more.
 
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Originally Posted by proudfootz

The simplest explanation is that these tales weren't in circulation until the 2nd century, and the simplest explanation of that is that they didn't exist until that time.

That is* a rather simple explanation, isn't it ?

Yes, that is why Occam would be very pleased indeed.

* my emphasis

So where do the stories come from ?

The same place all stories come from - people write them.

Even the bible academy doesn't know who wrote them or when.

You're attempt at a 'gotcha' question cuts both ways. The basic questions are all unknowns.
 
What a big lie!!

The following is a partial list of 48 sources from antiquity in over 100 books which I have used to argue that Jesus was a Myth.

The DSS, Ignatius, Justin Martyr, Aristides, Tertullian, Origen, Hippolytus, Lactantius, Arnobius, Eusebius, Rufinus, Clememt of Alexandria, Jerome, Chrysostom, Augustine of Hippo, Ephraem the Syrian, gMark, gLuke, gJohn, gMatthew, the Pauline Corpus, Acts of the Apostles, the non-Pauline letters, Revelation, the writings attributed to Philo, Josephus, Tacitus, Suetonius, Plutarch, Pliny the Elder, Pliny the younger, Lucian, Cassius Dio, Sulpitius Severus, the False Decretals, the Donation of Constantine, the Muratorian Canon, Theophilus of Antioch, Athenagoras of Athens, The Chronograph of 354, the Apostolic Constitutions, the Paschal Chronicon, Optatus, the Codex Sinaiticus, the Novum Testamentum Graece, Macarius Magnes, the list of New Testament manuscripts, and the Septuagint and still more.

What's important to 'historic Jesus' literature is the more recent stuff generated since the 18th century.

Scholars like Bart Ehrman who can go their whole careers without even contemplating whether or not the object of their study really existed.
 
Are you saying that Second Temple Judaism in the first century wasn't "Messianic" and Apocalyptic? Because from what I've read, that would be wrong.

Are you saying that "Jesus" wasn't a common Jewish name? Again this doesn't agree with what I've read on the subject.

OK, I'm not sure what this relates to, but the earliest stories we have of Jesus put him squarely in the first half of the first century. I agree that the Jesus stories were not set in the time of "Our Comely King Edward"...

Yeah, Jesus was a lot earlier than that...:boggled:


Let go over this again because you are taking it in some really strange directions.

► The Robin hood stories fit the social political climate of time they supposedly take place in...the Jesus stories do not.

This references the behavior of King in the stories (be it King John or Edward), the way one became outlaw, the behavior of the Sheriff, and other social political factors in the stories.

With Jesus (discounting the birth accounts as those are a muddled mess) you have:

* The Sanhedrin trial account being totally at odds with the records on how that court actually operated in the 1st century.

* The whole Judas betrayal making no sense. What was preventing somebody from sending guards to get this guy?

* Pontius Pilate is totally out of character based on other accounts. Josephus relates two accounts where Pilate's solution to mobs causing a disturbance was brutally simple--have Roman soldiers go out and kill them until they dispersed. Moreover it is never really explained in the Bible why, if Jesus' only crime was blasphemy, Pilate would need to be involved. If Jesus' crime has been sedition, then there would be no reason for Pilate to involve Herod Antipas--or for the Sanhedrin to be involved for that matter.

* The crucified were left to rot as a warning to others unless there was intervention on the behalf of an important person per The Life of Flavius Josephus

* Given Jesus' short time on the cross and reports of him being out and about afterwards, certainly the Romans might have wondered if they had been tricked, yet there is nothing in the reports about the Romans acting in this matter. Carrier describe how the Romans would have handled the situation and it is totally at odds with the account in Acts.


► From 1228 onward variants of the name Robin Hood ( 'Robinhood', 'Robehod' or 'Robbehod') appear in the rolls of several English Justices.
Ie people brought before a court for some crime. How many Jesus Christs are recorded in court records in the 2nd century?

► The earliest ballads about Robin Hood put his actions in the time of a "King Edward".

Please note what Price states "More astonishing still is the widespread Jewish and Jewish-Christian tradition, attested in Epiphanius, the Talmud, and the Toledoth Jeschu (dependent on second-century Jewish-Christian gospel), that Jesus was born in approximately 100 BCE and was crucified under Alexander Jannaeus!"

Since our oldest copy of Tacitus shows evidence of tampering we can't be sure he wasn't originally referring to some group of Chrestians whose founder was Chrestus (ie nothing to do with Jesus) so that leaves us with Against Heresies as our next oldest reference to the time period and that clocks in at c180 CE.

Also in c180 the very same author of Against Heresies expressly states Jesus was crucified during the reign of Claudius Caesar ie no earlier then 42 CE. He reinforces this by stating the Herod involved was "king of the Jews" a title at best only three Herods held. Also he clearly states in Against Heresies that Jesus was closer to 50 then 40 when he was crucified.

Using the Gospels and what we know of history and assuming a 6 BC birth date (using Matthew and Luke here as references) the oldest Jesus could have been in 36 CE was 41 (no year zero). To get Jesus to the required 46 years of age Irenaeus is writing about in Against Heresies you have to get Jesus to at least 41 CE...which is when Claudius Caesar rose to power. Herod Agrippa I gets his "king of the Jews" title in 42 CE. The only fly in Irenaeus' logic is him claiming that Pontius Pilate was governor. EVERY other point Irenaeus brings up puts Jesus' crucifixion firmly in 42-44 CE.

So in the 2nd century we have c100 BCE, c6 BCE-c36 CE and c6 BCE-c44 CE for when Jesus lived. Whee. What fun. Ugh, what a mess.
 
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EVERY other point Irenaeus brings up puts Jesus' crucifixion firmly in 42-44 CE.

The 2000 word argument that Jesus was crucified at around 50 years of age at c 49-50 CE is found in "Against Heresies" 2.22

In "Against Heresies" 2.22 Irenaeus claimed Jesus was about 30 years of age at baptism as found in gLuke and that he was crucified about 20 years later.


Against Heresies 2.22
For when He came to be baptized, He had not yet completed His thirtieth year, but was beginning to be about thirty years of age (for thus Luke, who has mentioned His years, has expressed it..

In gLuke, Jesus was baptized in the 15th year of Tiberius c 29-30 CE. 20 years later would be 49-50 CE.

"Against Heresies" 2.22
For it is altogether unreasonable to suppose that they were mistaken by twenty years, when they wished to prove Him younger than the times of Abraham.

Once it is claimed Jesus was NOT yet 30 years old when he was baptized as found in gLuke it means that Irenaeus implies Jesus was born around 1 BCE-1CE
 
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Let go over this again because you are taking it in some really strange directions.

► The Robin hood stories fit the social political climate of time they supposedly take place in...the Jesus stories do not.

This references the behavior of King in the stories (be it King John or Edward), the way one became outlaw, the behavior of the Sheriff, and other social political factors in the stories.

With Jesus (discounting the birth accounts as those are a muddled mess) you have:

* The Sanhedrin trial account being totally at odds with the records on how that court actually operated in the 1st century.

The gospels were not written by Rabbis.

* The whole Judas betrayal making no sense. What was preventing somebody from sending guards to get this guy?

* Pontius Pilate is totally out of character based on other accounts. Josephus relates two accounts where Pilate's solution to mobs causing a disturbance was brutally simple--have Roman soldiers go out and kill them until they dispersed. Moreover it is never really explained in the Bible why, if Jesus' only crime was blasphemy, Pilate would need to be involved. If Jesus' crime has been sedition, then there would be no reason for Pilate to involve Herod Antipas--or for the Sanhedrin to be involved for that matter.

* The crucified were left to rot as a warning to others unless there was intervention on the behalf of an important person per The Life of Flavius Josephus

* Given Jesus' short time on the cross and reports of him being out and about afterwards, certainly the Romans might have wondered if they had been tricked, yet there is nothing in the reports about the Romans acting in this matter. Carrier describe how the Romans would have handled the situation and it is totally at odds with the account in Acts.

How many times do we have to go through this? No one here on the HJ side of the debate has been arguing that the gospels are historically accurate narratives.

I and others have argued that they contain a core of teachings which show an Aramaic/Hebrew origin, not that they are correct in every detail.

► From 1228 onward variants of the name Robin Hood ( 'Robinhood', 'Robehod' or 'Robbehod') appear in the rolls of several English Justices.
Ie people brought before a court for some crime. How many Jesus Christs are recorded in court records in the 2nd century?

What? Why would that be significant? The Jews were dispersed and enslaved by then. Maybe the Jews took a dim view of Jesus and his followers for bringing about their destruction at the hands of the Romans... (see Josephus' opinion of the Zealots).

► The earliest ballads about Robin Hood put his actions in the time of a "King Edward".

Please note what Price states "More astonishing still is the widespread Jewish and Jewish-Christian tradition, attested in Epiphanius, the Talmud, and the Toledoth Jeschu (dependent on second-century Jewish-Christian gospel), that Jesus was born in approximately 100 BCE and was crucified under Alexander Jannaeus!"

Since our oldest copy of Tacitus shows evidence of tampering we can't be sure he wasn't originally referring to some group of Chrestians whose founder was Chrestus (ie nothing to do with Jesus) so that leaves us with Against Heresies as our next oldest reference to the time period and that clocks in at c180 CE.

We've been through this before and you've been shown how wrong these points are. Why do you keep repeating them?

Also in c180 the very same author of Against Heresies expressly states Jesus was crucified during the reign of Claudius Caesar ie no earlier then 42 CE. He reinforces this by stating the Herod involved was "king of the Jews" a title at best only three Herods held. Also he clearly states in Against Heresies that Jesus was closer to 50 then 40 when he was crucified.

Using the Gospels and what we know of history and assuming a 6 BC birth date (using Matthew and Luke here as references) the oldest Jesus could have been in 36 CE was 41 (no year zero). To get Jesus to the required 46 years of age Irenaeus is writing about in Against Heresies you have to get Jesus to at least 41 CE...which is when Claudius Caesar rose to power. Herod Agrippa I gets his "king of the Jews" title in 42 CE. The only fly in Irenaeus' logic is him claiming that Pontius Pilate was governor. EVERY other point Irenaeus brings up puts Jesus' crucifixion firmly in 42-44 CE.

So in the 2nd century we have c100 BCE, c6 BCE-c36 CE and c6 BCE-c44 CE for when Jesus lived. Whee. What fun. Ugh, what a mess.

Some Ancients were really bad at Historical Research, we get that. This does not make the HJ any less probable.
 
Unfortunately you have not shown that you were aware of their contents. You must have forgotten that you have already admitted that you have not done much research of the HJ question and don't really care whether or not Jesus did exist.
Not quite accurate.
I do not focus as much on HJ as I focus on Middle Eastern anthropology in general.
However, yes, it is accurate that I find the subject of Jesus' existence rather benign as it makes hardly any impact upon the course of history if such a figure as the HJ version lived or did not.
Either way, the same result appears to have occurred, and the figure of the HJ is far too small to have impacted any civilization for even if the HJ did not live, the stories did all of the influencing and not any real HJ individual if such should have lived.

Take Jesus out; same result.
Add Jesus in; same result.

However, one subject that does have impact is what was going on with a variety of sub-cultures in the Middle East, as well as Anatolia.
For instance, who are the "Sea Peoples"? How did the Gauls end up in Galatia to begin with and what impact did this have upon western Anatolia?
Who were some of the early following sub-cultures following Jesus traditions, where did they come from, what were their ideas on Jesus, what religious background did they have prior to converting to Jesus following, which texts were favored by which sub-culture, how did these sub-cultures influence the primary cultures of areas in which they traveled through or resided in?
How did the foundation of the Hebrew peoples accomplish its arrival and stability so quickly as to do so in less than 1,000 years from being scattered Canaanite highland herdsman?

These are merely examples, but these forms of investigations are bountiful in the region and are of far greater value to our historical record than the historicity of Jesus, who again, marks no impact in and of himself regardless if he lived or did not.
Either way, the same civilization account took place. The same councils and the same governments outlined and enforced the same doctrines and the tradition upon the western society was accomplished and done.

With the other questions above, our information on the subject is incomplete and capable of changing our understanding of what happened in history.

Knowing whether Jesus was real or not only changed that exact matter; it's the final piece and not the base-level alteration with extending ramifications.

For example, if the Sea Peoples (and I am not proposing this, but merely showing an example of value) were Gauls, then this would have great rippling impact on our understanding of civilization dynamics in and around 1500 to 1000 BCE, and would have extended considerations upon Galatia as well as the history of France, and Medieval Celtic history.

1. You did not even seem to know that Scholars have already argued that the author of gMark was most likely not a Jew.
Not at all. I am well aware of this.
In pointing out a problem with the HJ position and scholarship of accepting a cultural axiom without taking time to verify that axiom, I pointed out how radically different a result we get by changing the cultural axiom.
As an example, I gave the opposing position that Mark was written in Hebrew originally instead of Greek to show what kind of axiomatic impact occurs at that layer; for changing the culture radically changes the application of idiomatic evidence within the text.
Meaning, if some HJ proponent was making an argument from Mark based on the application of idioms as they are valued to Greek literature but instead Mark was written from Hebrew formation and not Grecian culture at all, then those arguments made on the axiom of Grecian culture would be immediately in question or irrelevant.

Yet, and this was my point in that, the field regularly lacks in taking the time to inquire the cultural fitting of the writing, and regularly dons a given habitual axiom.

2. You seem to have had no idea that Egyptians of antiquity did know a story of Jesus since at least the 2nd century.

3. You seem to have had NO idea that an Apologetic writer claimed gMark was known in Alexandria.
Not at all.
I rely on this information in my outline of textual dispersion found in Hypothetical Recreation of the Lost Ebionite Text

As such, this would leave us with the idea that the non-Gnostic group may very well have traveled Southwest out of Judea more towards Alexandria than Antioch.
This refers to short-form Mark's relation to Alexandria.

Due to the grammatical and literary talent of Luke, as well as the deeply Hellenistic prose and narrative story telling, Luke can make sense as an origin around the Athenian region where concepts such as "Logos" were very prevalent and around which schools were available with connections to Alexandria.

If we theorize that Mark became long-form from running into the Asia Minor (the John/Revelation/Daniel apocalypse group), and that Luke received long-form Mark and not short-form Mark, and that Luke received long-form Matthew from being in contact with Alexandrian academia trade, and theorize that the John group in Asia Minor ripped off Luke (terribly I might add, as their grammar is incredibly inferior to Luke, and at times shows clear signs of stitching one section visually copied to another visually copied section with a section of inferior grammar to either section being stitched together) then this would account for the divergence from John from Matthew, Mark and Luke, and would account for the "Q" like isolated similarities of Luke to Matthew, as well as the isolated comparisons of Luke to Mark.

This would make sense if short-form Mark moved North with the "Gnostic Ebionite" movement, and then when moving West to the coast of Asia Minor became long-form Mark through the John group, meanwhile short-form Matthew moved south with the "non-Gnostic Ebionite" group who vanished quickly, but whose text was acquired into Alexandria whereby it was embellished with more Hellenistic tones than Hebrew tones (prologue and epilogue) borrowing from regional traditions of the Egyptian mysticism mythology which were popular in Hellenistic society at the time, then it would appear to us today as if we were missing a document like the theorized "Q" document as long-form Matthew and long-form Mark would not have had contact with each other until meeting up around the Athenian region comprised by the author of Luke.

And the mapping, therefore:
file.php


Which shows dispersion right into, centered in, and dispersed anew out of Alexandria.

4. You seem to have forgotten that the Septuagint which was used in the stories of Jesus was FIRST compiled in Egypt.
Not at all; in fact this influences my point and questions to you.
We know that the Septuagint began its formation in Alexandria, but it was not written by Egyptians there.

And to the point of issue, this is the problem. We have scores and scores of textual examples of individuals from other cultures going to Alexandria to write their varied works.
They were not Egyptian, but they did write in Alexandria.
This was because Alexandria was the best resource during this era; the most collected amount of information of all forms was in this location and so were the varies scholars and scribes of several languages.

If you really wanted to work on something with all of the possible help that you could get, especially if it was history, then you would go to Alexandria to do so.
If you wanted to convey that you learned of a peoples or events from a trusted source, then you informed everyone that you learned from the Egyptians (Alexandria) of the information for their credit was the scholastic gold standard of the era.

The librarians of Alexandria were considered the finest experts in their respective fields of study inside of the culture of Alexandria.
So much so that even after the beginnings of the various stages of destruction of the Alexandrian library, we still have individuals relying on Alexandrian scholars for a variety of information.

So in itself, it is not out of place to find any given text in Alexandria, for even if any of these texts did not first find themselves on papyri in Egypt, they would have quickly arrived there and would have been cataloged among the scores of other texts in holding at this great wealth of texts and education.


So we find the texts in Egypt.
Did Egyptians write all of them?
Did Egyptians write some of them and non-Egyptians in Alexandria wrote some of the others?
Did Egyptians write some of them and non-Egyptians not in Alexandria wrote some of the others and Egyptians made copies in Alexandria?
Did Egyptians write some of them and non-Egyptians not in Alexandria wrote some of the others and non-Egyptians made copies in Alexandria?
Did Egyptians write on behalf of dictation from some individual?

This kind of combining possibilities is rather lengthy, and the reason for my inquiry as to how you arrive at the conclusion that Egyptians wrote the texts.

I fully accept that the texts are found there, and that Alexandria was the academic hub for knowledge and resources where anyone would learn of a subject to what would be considered an expert level.

What I don't understand, because it really has not been disclosed, is how we go from finding them in Egypt to concluding that Egyptians authored the texts.

For example of the oddity that presents; how do we understand the absolutely ghastly grammar of John, and yet the exquisite grammar of Luke by the same academic specialists that were the Alexandrians?

How did such trained individuals so very terribly write in Greek in one text, and so terribly inconsistently (the grammar in John shifts repeatedly as if we are looking at multiple different individuals adding things in over time), and yet author such near Grecian perfection as Luke?

I am just presenting the evidence from antiquity that Jesus was a Myth until new evidence is found--that is all.
For something to be "mythology" it has to be someone's mythology.
It is not simply a word that means, "fiction".

We cannot claim that the work is "mythology" until we can identify whose mythology it was.

We can claim that it was not accurate, and we can charge that it was made up.
We cannot go as far as to claim it as mythology, however, without knowing which culture the myth belongs to, for mythology is only mythology by belonging and being adhered to by a culture.

We know that these stories became a mythology to the Roman empire eventually, but you are asserting that they were mythology of the Egyptians upon their genesis.

That is a very dramatic and radical claim, and one that requires us to show how this is a mythology that belongs to the Egyptians, as well as requires that we answer the other questions as well - such as how do we make sense of the same academic group writing John and Luke?


Again, I am not against the non-HJ position, nor am I against your proposition outright.
However, there are several issues with how far you take your proposition that I would need to work with you on ironing out, or you need to explain to satisfy the conflicts created by your strong proposition.
 
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Some Ancients were really bad at Historical Research, we get that. This does not make the HJ any less probable.

It certainly does not follow that an HJ is more probable because you assume some Ancients were really bad at historical research.
 
The 2000 word argument that Jesus was crucified at around 50 years of age at c 49-50 CE is found in "Against Heresies" 2.22

In "Against Heresies" 2.22 Irenaeus claimed Jesus was about 30 years of age at baptism as found in gLuke and that he was crucified about 20 years later.


Against Heresies 2.22

In gLuke, Jesus was baptized in the 15th year of Tiberius c 29-30 CE. 20 years later would be 49-50 CE.

"Against Heresies" 2.22

Once it is claimed Jesus was NOT yet 30 years old when he was baptized as found in gLuke it means that Irenaeus implies Jesus was born around 1 BCE-1CE

Several issues here

Irenaeus point regarding Jesus age at the time of baptism is based on variant of Luke we don't have: "Now Jesus was, as it were, beginning to be thirty years old"

The Luke we have states "And Jesus himself began to be about thirty years of age". That "about" makes all the difference in the world. It means Jesus was 26 to 34 years of age at the time of his baptism.

Also regal years are inclusive ie September 18, 14 CE to September 17, 15 CE would have been Tiberius first year of reign. So Tiberius fifteenth year of reign would have been 14 years later or September 18, 28 CE to September 17, 29 CE
The traditional 6 BCE date based on Matthew would put Jesus 33 to 34 at this time.
 
Several issues here

Irenaeus point regarding Jesus age at the time of baptism is based on variant of Luke we don't have: "Now Jesus was, as it were, beginning to be thirty years old"

The Luke we have states "And Jesus himself began to be about thirty years of age". That "about" makes all the difference in the world. It means Jesus was 26 to 34 years of age at the time of his baptism.

It does not mean that Jesus was 26-34 years of age. "Against Heresies" 2,22 clearly states multiple times that Jesus was NOT yet 30 years old at baptism.

Please, please, please!!! We have "Against Heresies".

"Against Heresies" 2.22
There are not, therefore, thirty Aeons, nor did the Saviour come to be baptized when He was thirty years old...

Against Heresies 2.22
For when He came to be baptized, He had not yet completed His thirtieth year, but was beginning to be about thirty years of age (for thus Luke, who has mentioned His years, has expressed it...

Against Heresies 3.14
...also the baptism of John, the number of the Lord's years when He was baptized, and that this occurred in the fifteenth year of Tiberius Caesar



It is extremely clear that in "Against Heresies" that once it is claimed Jesus is less than 30 years at the 15th year of Tiberius then the Jesus of "Against Heresies" was born c 1 BCE/1 CE and would be 50 years old c 49-50 CE.
 
Not quite accurate.
I do not focus as much on HJ as I focus on Middle Eastern anthropology in general.
However, yes, it is accurate that I find the subject of Jesus' existence rather benign as it makes hardly any impact upon the course of history if such a figure as the HJ version lived or did not.
Either way, the same result appears to have occurred, and the figure of the HJ is far too small to have impacted any civilization for even if the HJ did not live, the stories did all of the influencing and not any real HJ individual if such should have lived.

Take Jesus out; same result.
Add Jesus in; same result.

However, one subject that does have impact is what was going on with a variety of sub-cultures in the Middle East, as well as Anatolia.[ . . . ]

Thanks for such an interesting take on the pros and cons of a possible Alexandrian origin for early church literature.


We cannot claim that the work is "mythology" until we can identify whose mythology it was.

We can claim that it was not accurate, and we can charge that it was made up.
We cannot go as far as to claim it as mythology, however, without knowing which culture the myth belongs to, for mythology is only mythology by belonging and being adhered to by a culture.

We know that these stories became a mythology to the Roman empire eventually, but you are asserting that they were mythology of the Egyptians upon their genesis.

That is a very dramatic and radical claim, and one that requires us to show how this is a mythology that belongs to the Egyptians, as well as requires that we answer the other questions as well - such as how do we make sense of the same academic group writing John and Luke?

While I agree with
We cannot go as far as to claim it as mythology, however, without knowing which culture the myth belongs to, for mythology is only mythology by belonging and being adhered to by a culture.
I think it's worth keeping in mind that the 1st century would appear to be marked by syncretism, superstition and opportunism, if Carrier's article is to be trusted.* These factors might go farther to explain possible origins of a resurrection cult than a straight up assignation of the Jesus story as mythology.


*http://infidels.org/library/modern/richard_carrier/kooks.html

ETA:
For your Sunday reading pleasure, I bring you Lucian's account of a notorius and successful (for a time) rip-off on the Asclepius cult
http://www.tertullian.org/rpearse/lucian/lucian_alexander.htm

While based on an actual mythology, Alexander's little enterprise could hardy be called mythological. In the same sense, the resurrection of Jesus cult used Hebrew and Graeco-Roman cultural imagery and elements, yet could hardly be described as purely derived fom either.
I think syncretic would be the best description of the early church's stories about its origins.
 
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We know that the Septuagint began its formation in Alexandria, but it was not written by Egyptians there.

And to the point of issue, this is the problem. We have scores and scores of textual examples of individuals from other cultures going to Alexandria to write their varied works.
They were not Egyptian, but they did write in Alexandria.
This was because Alexandria was the best resource during this era; the most collected amount of information of all forms was in this location and so were the varies scholars and scribes of several languages.

If you really wanted to work on something with all of the possible help that you could get, especially if it was history, then you would go to Alexandria to do so.
If you wanted to convey that you learned of a peoples or events from a trusted source, then you informed everyone that you learned from the Egyptians (Alexandria) of the information for their credit was the scholastic gold standard of the era.

The librarians of Alexandria were considered the finest experts in their respective fields of study inside of the culture of Alexandria.
So much so that even after the beginnings of the various stages of destruction of the Alexandrian library, we still have individuals relying on Alexandrian scholars for a variety of information.

So in itself, it is not out of place to find any given text in Alexandria, for even if any of these texts did not first find themselves on papyri in Egypt, they would have quickly arrived there and would have been cataloged among the scores of other texts in holding at this great wealth of texts and education.


So we find the texts in Egypt.
Did Egyptians write all of them?
Did Egyptians write some of them and non-Egyptians in Alexandria wrote some of the others?
Did Egyptians write some of them and non-Egyptians not in Alexandria wrote some of the others and Egyptians made copies in Alexandria?
Did Egyptians write some of them and non-Egyptians not in Alexandria wrote some of the others and non-Egyptians made copies in Alexandria?
Did Egyptians write on behalf of dictation from some individual?

This kind of combining possibilities is rather lengthy, and the reason for my inquiry as to how you arrive at the conclusion that Egyptians wrote the texts.

I fully accept that the texts are found there, and that Alexandria was the academic hub for knowledge and resources where anyone would learn of a subject to what would be considered an expert level.

What I don't understand, because it really has not been disclosed, is how we go from finding them in Egypt to concluding that Egyptians authored the texts.




Is there any evidence that the NT texts were not written where they were found in Egypt?

Is there any evidence that the Jesus story in the NT was first told & written where the events supposedly occurred in Judea?

How did any writers in 4th-6th century Egypt know anything to be true about a miraculous messiah living 300 to 500 years before in Galilee?

I don't know how suspicious we should be about that. But on the face of things it's hardly supportive of Jesus if we find that the story appears to have been written far away in another country, and not actually known from the region where the events were supposed to have happened. For example -

- why is it that remnants of around 900 different Dead Sea Scrolls survived at Qumran, very close to Jerusalem and close to the activities of Jesus, and yet no similar writing has apparently ever been found about Jesus in that region?

The DSS were written mostly on parchment (only a few on papyrus, and one famously on Copper). Although papyrus may not survive well in the climate of Judea, why couldn’t the NT writers have written on parchment as the DSS writers did in that same region. Especially since the DSS writers had apparently been doing that for around 200 years in that region before the very earliest dates possible even for non-extant (i.e. non existing!) gospels or epistles of the NT … the actual extant relatively complete NT papyrus mss from Egypt apparently date at the very earliest as 4th-6th century ... whereas the DSS from the actual region close to Jerusalem date from c.170BC through to c.70AD.

So the DSS did survive in vast number in that exact region around Jerusalem and from a time typically up to 500 years or more before the earliest relatively complete and useable extant copies of the Egyptian-found gospels and epistles of the NT.
 
[ . . .] But on the face of things it's hardly supportive of Jesus if we find that the story appears to have been written far away in another country, and not actually known from the region where the events were supposed to have happened. For example -

- why is it that remnants of around 900 different Dead Sea Scrolls survived at Qumran, very close to Jerusalem and close to the activities of Jesus, and yet no similar writing has apparently ever been found about Jesus in that region?

The DSS were written mostly on parchment (only a few on papyrus, and one famously on Copper). Although papyrus may not survive well in the climate of Judea, why couldn’t the NT writers have written on parchment as the DSS writers did in that same region. Especially since the DSS writers had apparently been doing that for around 200 years in that region before the very earliest dates possible even for non-extant (i.e. non existing!) gospels or epistles of the NT … the actual extant relatively complete NT papyrus mss from Egypt apparently date at the very earliest as 4th-6th century ... whereas the DSS from the actual region close to Jerusalem date from c.170BC through to c.70AD.

So the DSS did survive in vast number in that exact region around Jerusalem and from a time typically up to 500 years or more before the earliest relatively complete and useable extant copies of the Egyptian-found gospels and epistles of the NT.

Now that you mention it, that is a puzzle given the enormous variety and amount of literature produced by the early church from the second century onward.
 
It does not mean that Jesus was 26-34 years of age. "Against Heresies" 2,22 clearly states multiple times that Jesus was NOT yet 30 years old at baptism.

Please, please, please!!! We have "Against Heresies".

It is extremely clear that in "Against Heresies" that once it is claimed Jesus is less than 30 years at the 15th year of Tiberius then the Jesus of "Against Heresies" was born c 1 BCE/1 CE and would be 50 years old c 49-50 CE.

Except as I pointed out previously:


Also in c180 the very same author of Against Heresies expressly states Jesus was crucified during the reign of Claudius Caesar ie no earlier then 42 CE. He reinforces this by stating the Herod involved was "king of the Jews" a title at best only three Herods held.

The iffy Herod here is Herod Agrippa II as some 19th and early 20th century scholars call him "king of the Jews" he in fact never ruled Judea but rather Chalcis (Qinnasrin) to the north in what had once been the Syrian province. He did have the right to nominate the high priest but according to the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia Herod Agrippa II was still in Rome in 50 CE and may have been there as late as 53 CE.
 
pakeha

Now that you mention it, that is a puzzle given the enormous variety and amount of literature produced by the early church from the second century onward.
Yes, something happened in the book trade about the time that Christians invented the general education academy, which (apparently) included "Christianity as Philosophy" courses for curious pagans. That is, a partially exoteric church emerged (perhaps somebody was catching on that secrecy was part of why the Roman authorities thought the Chrisitans were up to no good).

And where should one of these, maybe the first of these, newfangled teaching institutions be located? Our very own Alexandria, not just the hub of intellectual activity generally, but a place in which there grew up a plausible specific demand for Christian textbooks, just about when we find Christian textbooks there.

Forgive me if I am underwhelmed that we find what we find there. Then again, I am the sort of guy who, when visiiting Cambridge (whether Mass or UK), thinks that some of the textbooks I find there weren't produced locally either. I guess I'm not cut out for this kind of work.
 
You have INVENTED your own 60-40 probability figure out of thin air. You do not have and never had any data to produce such a probability.

Why have you resorted to such inventions? It is already known that there is ZERO evidence of Jesus of Nazareth pre 70 CE. Philo, Pliny the Elder, Josephus, Tacitus, Suetonius and Pliny the younger do NOT mention Jesus of Nazareth at all.
Not one of them names a "Jesus" from "Nazareth", for sure! Therefore anyone who says there probably was a historical Jesus has no evidence. But hey, all these ancient writers were concocted by "author copyists" in mediaeval monasteries anyway, no?
 
Now that you mention it, that is a puzzle given the enormous variety and amount of literature produced by the early church from the second century onward.

Yes, the literature seems to come from anywhere but the alleged source.

Occam ,anyone?
 
The Jews were dispersed and enslaved by then. Maybe the Jews took a dim view of Jesus and his followers for bringing about their destruction at the hands of the Romans... (see Josephus' opinion of the Zealots).

The 'dispersion' of the Jewish people may well be a myth.

"The population of Judea was not exiled at the conclusion of the war with Rome when the second temple was destroyed in 70 CE. Nor was it exiled after the second (Bar Kochba) revolt 132-135 CE. The generations following that revolt witnessed the “golden age” of Jewish culture in the Palestine (as it was then called) of Rabbi HaNasi, the legendary compiler of the Mishnah."

http://vridar.org/2014/04/30/the-myth-of-judean-exile-70-ce/

It's interesting to learn what often-cited notions disappear under the scrutiny of investigation...
 
Is there any evidence that the NT texts were not written where they were found in Egypt?

Is there any evidence that the Jesus story in the NT was first told & written where the events supposedly occurred in Judea?

How did any writers in 4th-6th century Egypt know anything to be true about a miraculous messiah living 300 to 500 years before in Galilee?

I don't know how suspicious we should be about that. But on the face of things it's hardly supportive of Jesus if we find that the story appears to have been written far away in another country, and not actually known from the region where the events were supposed to have happened. For example -

- why is it that remnants of around 900 different Dead Sea Scrolls survived at Qumran, very close to Jerusalem and close to the activities of Jesus, and yet no similar writing has apparently ever been found about Jesus in that region?

The DSS were written mostly on parchment (only a few on papyrus, and one famously on Copper). Although papyrus may not survive well in the climate of Judea, why couldn’t the NT writers have written on parchment as the DSS writers did in that same region. Especially since the DSS writers had apparently been doing that for around 200 years in that region before the very earliest dates possible even for non-extant (i.e. non existing!) gospels or epistles of the NT … the actual extant relatively complete NT papyrus mss from Egypt apparently date at the very earliest as 4th-6th century ... whereas the DSS from the actual region close to Jerusalem date from c.170BC through to c.70AD.

So the DSS did survive in vast number in that exact region around Jerusalem and from a time typically up to 500 years or more before the earliest relatively complete and useable extant copies of the Egyptian-found gospels and epistles of the NT.

It's just another broken link between the literature we have and the supposed origin in the life and career of an historic Jesus.

One more complication in the whole Rube Goldberg hypothesis that an historic Jesus in Palestine is 'required' to explain the existence of savior cults.
 
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